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Ⅳ. 阅读理解
Long long ago, Damon and Pythias, two close friends on the island of Sicily, faced a test of their friendship.
Dionysius, the king of Sicily, was awfully cruel. He had many enemies among his people. Pythias was one of them. He planned to kill the king and free Sicily from his rule. Dionysius got wind of it, caught Pythias and sentenced him to death.
“Do you have anything to say before you die?” asked Dionysius.
“Yes,” said Pythias. “I would ask that you give me five more days of life. I want to say goodbye to my family.”
“Do you think I am stupid?” Dionysius laughed. “How do I know you’ll come back?”
“You have my word.”
“Do you expect me to trust you? I need someone to die in your place if you do not return. Do you have such a friend?”
A loud voice came from the crowd. “Yes!” Damon rushed forward. “I’m his friend Damon. I’ll stay in prison until he returns, and I’ll die for him if I have to.”
Dionysius studied the two friends silently. “Well,” he finally said. “But you’re a fool!”
“He’ll keep his word,” Damon replied.
Pythias was then allowed to leave and Damon was thrown into prison. After a few days, Pythias hadn’t shown up. The king went to the prison to see if Damon regretted his decision. “Your time is almost up,” Dionysius laughed. “What a fool you are!”
“He’ll be back,” Damon replied.
The final day came. At noon, Damon was taken from his prison. “What do you think of your friend now?” asked Dionysius.
“I trust him,” Damon calmly answered. “He’ll be here.”
Five hours passed. The king laughed at Damon again. “You value his life more than yours!” The executioner(行刑人) raised his axe(斧子). But just before the blow, a voice was heard in the distance: “Set Damon free!”
Pythias rushed to his friend. “My ship was broken. Some robbers attacked me. I ran as fast as I could. Finally, I’m here!” He turned to Dionysius and said, “Free my friend! I’m ready to meet my executioner.”
Dionysius found himself strangely moved. “I’ve never seen such a friendship,” said the king. “▲”
1. What does the underlined phrase “got wind of” mean?
A. Got angry at.
B. Got the message of.
C. Was in fear of.
D. Was worried about.
2. Which is the RIGHT order of the events?
a. Damon was put into prison.
b. Pythias planned to kill the king.
c. Pythias was attacked by some robbers.
d. Pythias asked the king to give him 5 days.
e. Damon was about to die in the place of Pythias.
A. b-a-d-c-e
B. b-a-e-c-d
C. a-b-d-e-c
D. b-d-a-c-e
3.新考法 补全文章 What might the king say at the end of the story?
A. Both must die! They are enemies.
B. Neither shall die! Their friendship shall live.
C. Damon shall die! He is such a fool.
D. Pythias must die! He values his own life more.
4. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. The King and His Friend
B. A Cruel King
C. Everlasting Friendship
D. A Selfish Friend
Long long ago, Damon and Pythias, two close friends on the island of Sicily, faced a test of their friendship.
Dionysius, the king of Sicily, was awfully cruel. He had many enemies among his people. Pythias was one of them. He planned to kill the king and free Sicily from his rule. Dionysius got wind of it, caught Pythias and sentenced him to death.
“Do you have anything to say before you die?” asked Dionysius.
“Yes,” said Pythias. “I would ask that you give me five more days of life. I want to say goodbye to my family.”
“Do you think I am stupid?” Dionysius laughed. “How do I know you’ll come back?”
“You have my word.”
“Do you expect me to trust you? I need someone to die in your place if you do not return. Do you have such a friend?”
A loud voice came from the crowd. “Yes!” Damon rushed forward. “I’m his friend Damon. I’ll stay in prison until he returns, and I’ll die for him if I have to.”
Dionysius studied the two friends silently. “Well,” he finally said. “But you’re a fool!”
“He’ll keep his word,” Damon replied.
Pythias was then allowed to leave and Damon was thrown into prison. After a few days, Pythias hadn’t shown up. The king went to the prison to see if Damon regretted his decision. “Your time is almost up,” Dionysius laughed. “What a fool you are!”
“He’ll be back,” Damon replied.
The final day came. At noon, Damon was taken from his prison. “What do you think of your friend now?” asked Dionysius.
“I trust him,” Damon calmly answered. “He’ll be here.”
Five hours passed. The king laughed at Damon again. “You value his life more than yours!” The executioner(行刑人) raised his axe(斧子). But just before the blow, a voice was heard in the distance: “Set Damon free!”
Pythias rushed to his friend. “My ship was broken. Some robbers attacked me. I ran as fast as I could. Finally, I’m here!” He turned to Dionysius and said, “Free my friend! I’m ready to meet my executioner.”
Dionysius found himself strangely moved. “I’ve never seen such a friendship,” said the king. “▲”
1. What does the underlined phrase “got wind of” mean?
A. Got angry at.
B. Got the message of.
C. Was in fear of.
D. Was worried about.
2. Which is the RIGHT order of the events?
a. Damon was put into prison.
b. Pythias planned to kill the king.
c. Pythias was attacked by some robbers.
d. Pythias asked the king to give him 5 days.
e. Damon was about to die in the place of Pythias.
A. b-a-d-c-e
B. b-a-e-c-d
C. a-b-d-e-c
D. b-d-a-c-e
3.
A. Both must die! They are enemies.
B. Neither shall die! Their friendship shall live.
C. Damon shall die! He is such a fool.
D. Pythias must die! He values his own life more.
4. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. The King and His Friend
B. A Cruel King
C. Everlasting Friendship
D. A Selfish Friend
答案
1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了很久以前,西西里岛上的两位密友Damon和Pythias的友谊面临了生死的考验,最终两人的友谊经受住了考验,两人都活了下来。
1. B 解析:词义猜测题。根据“He had many enemies among his people. Pythias was one of them. He planned to kill the king and free Sicily from his rule. Dionysius got wind of it, caught Pythias and sentenced him to death.”可知,Pythias就是其中之一。他计划杀死国王,将西西里岛从他的统治下解放出来。Dionysius听说了,抓住了Pythias并判处他死刑。因此“got wind of”表示“了解了……消息”。故选B。
2. D 解析:事件排序题。b. 故事一开始就提到Pythias计划杀死国王,这是整个事件的起因。d. Pythias被抓后,请求国王给他五天时间去和家人告别。a. 因为Damon愿意代替Pythias坐牢,所以Damon被关进监狱。c. Pythias在回来的路上被强盗袭击,这导致他差点没能按时回来。e. 在最后一刻,Damon即将代替Pythias被处死,就在行刑前Pythias赶到了。因此按照故事发展的顺序排列,答案为b-d-a-c-e。故选D。
3. B 解析:推理判断题。根据“Dionysius found himself strangely moved. 'I've never seen such a friendship,' said the king.”可知,Damon和Pythias都不会死,而且友谊会长存。故选B。
4. C 解析:标题归纳题。文章从头到尾都在讲述Damon和Pythias之间深厚的友谊。Pythias为了和家人告别请求多活五天,Damon愿意替他坐牢,甚至可能替他死;最后Pythias克服重重困难赶回来救Damon,他们的友谊经历了生死考验,C选项“永恒的友谊”很好地概括了文章主旨。故选C。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了很久以前,西西里岛上的两位密友Damon和Pythias的友谊面临了生死的考验,最终两人的友谊经受住了考验,两人都活了下来。
1. B 解析:词义猜测题。根据“He had many enemies among his people. Pythias was one of them. He planned to kill the king and free Sicily from his rule. Dionysius got wind of it, caught Pythias and sentenced him to death.”可知,Pythias就是其中之一。他计划杀死国王,将西西里岛从他的统治下解放出来。Dionysius听说了,抓住了Pythias并判处他死刑。因此“got wind of”表示“了解了……消息”。故选B。
2. D 解析:事件排序题。b. 故事一开始就提到Pythias计划杀死国王,这是整个事件的起因。d. Pythias被抓后,请求国王给他五天时间去和家人告别。a. 因为Damon愿意代替Pythias坐牢,所以Damon被关进监狱。c. Pythias在回来的路上被强盗袭击,这导致他差点没能按时回来。e. 在最后一刻,Damon即将代替Pythias被处死,就在行刑前Pythias赶到了。因此按照故事发展的顺序排列,答案为b-d-a-c-e。故选D。
3. B 解析:推理判断题。根据“Dionysius found himself strangely moved. 'I've never seen such a friendship,' said the king.”可知,Damon和Pythias都不会死,而且友谊会长存。故选B。
4. C 解析:标题归纳题。文章从头到尾都在讲述Damon和Pythias之间深厚的友谊。Pythias为了和家人告别请求多活五天,Damon愿意替他坐牢,甚至可能替他死;最后Pythias克服重重困难赶回来救Damon,他们的友谊经历了生死考验,C选项“永恒的友谊”很好地概括了文章主旨。故选C。
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文语境，根据Pythias计划刺杀国王后被抓处死的情节，推断“got wind of”的含义；
2. 第2题是事件排序题，需梳理故事发展脉络，按事件发生的先后顺序排列选项；
3. 第3题是推理补全题，需根据国王被两人友谊感动的语境，推断国王的话语；
4. 第4题是标题归纳题，需把握文章主旨，提炼最贴合核心内容的标题。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据上下文，Pythias计划刺杀国王后，国王抓住他并判处死刑，说明国王“得知了”该计划，“got wind of”意为“得知消息”，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 事件排序题：故事发展顺序为：b.Pythias计划刺杀国王→d.Pythias请求国王给予5天时间→a.Damon被关进监狱→c.Pythias途中被强盗袭击→e.Damon即将被处死，顺序为b-d-a-c-e，故选D。
3. 推理判断题：国王被两人的深厚友谊深深感动，不会处死他们，会认可这份友谊，选项B“Neither shall die! Their friendship shall live.”符合语境，故选B。
4. 标题归纳题：文章围绕Damon和Pythias的生死考验展开，核心是两人永恒的友谊，选项C“Everlasting Friendship”最贴合主旨，故选C。
【答案】1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题、事件排序题、标题归纳题
【点评】
本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述Damon和Pythias的友谊故事，考查学生对英语阅读理解不同题型的掌握，需结合语篇细节、逻辑顺序和主旨大意解题，注重对语境的理解。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文语境，根据Pythias计划刺杀国王后被抓处死的情节，推断“got wind of”的含义；
2. 第2题是事件排序题，需梳理故事发展脉络，按事件发生的先后顺序排列选项；
3. 第3题是推理补全题，需根据国王被两人友谊感动的语境，推断国王的话语；
4. 第4题是标题归纳题，需把握文章主旨，提炼最贴合核心内容的标题。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据上下文，Pythias计划刺杀国王后，国王抓住他并判处死刑，说明国王“得知了”该计划，“got wind of”意为“得知消息”，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 事件排序题：故事发展顺序为：b.Pythias计划刺杀国王→d.Pythias请求国王给予5天时间→a.Damon被关进监狱→c.Pythias途中被强盗袭击→e.Damon即将被处死，顺序为b-d-a-c-e，故选D。
3. 推理判断题：国王被两人的深厚友谊深深感动，不会处死他们，会认可这份友谊，选项B“Neither shall die! Their friendship shall live.”符合语境，故选B。
4. 标题归纳题：文章围绕Damon和Pythias的生死考验展开，核心是两人永恒的友谊，选项C“Everlasting Friendship”最贴合主旨，故选C。
【答案】1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题、事件排序题、标题归纳题
【点评】
本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述Damon和Pythias的友谊故事，考查学生对英语阅读理解不同题型的掌握，需结合语篇细节、逻辑顺序和主旨大意解题，注重对语境的理解。
【难度系数】
0.6
