一、从课文中找到对应的英文词组，完成练习
1. 超过半数的……
2. 珊瑚礁
3. 位于沙漠和森林之间
4. 昼夜温差

1. over half of
2. coral reef(s)
3. lie between deserts and forests
4. the difference in temperature between day and night

【分析】本题为课文英文词组匹配题，解题时需先明确每个中文短语的含义，再结合课文所学的固定英文表达，准确对应匹配，注意词组的单复数、介词搭配等细节。
【解析】1. “超过半数的”对应的英文固定词组为over half of；2. “珊瑚礁”的英文表达为coral reef(s)，单复数均可；3. “位于……之间”用动词短语lie between，“沙漠和森林”对应deserts and forests，组合后为lie between deserts and forests；4. “昼夜温差”的英文表达为the difference in temperature between day and night。
【答案】1. over half of
2. coral reef(s)
3. lie between deserts and forests
4. the difference in temperature between day and night
【知识点】英语固定词组、课文短语识记
【点评】本题考查课文中重点英文短语的掌握情况，属于基础识记类题目，难度较低，有助于巩固英语基础词汇。
【难度系数】0.9

二、从课文中找到对应的英文句子，完成练习
1. 我知道不同地方的草原是不同动物的家园。
I know that .
2. 嗯，沙漠里非常干燥，因为降雨量很少。
Well, it’s very .
3. 是的，沙漠气候如此恶劣，以至于只有少数动植物能在那儿存活。
Yes, that can live there.

1. grasslands in different places are home to different animals
2. dry in deserts because there’s little rain
3. the climate in deserts is so awful; only a few animals and plants

【分析】
这道题是根据中文意思补全英文句子，需准确对应中文短语的英文表达，注意固定搭配与句式结构：第1题需用“be home to”结构对应“是...的家园”；第2题要补全地点状语与原因状语；第3题需运用“so...that...”句式对应“如此...以至于...”的结构。
【解析】
1. 对应中文“不同地方的草原是不同动物的家园”，“草原”为grasslands，“不同地方”是in different places，“是...的家园”是are home to，“不同动物”是different animals，故补全为grasslands in different places are home to different animals；
2. 对应中文“沙漠里非常干燥，因为降雨量很少”，“干燥”是dry，“在沙漠里”是in deserts，“因为降雨量很少”是because there’s little rain，故填dry in deserts because there’s little rain；
3. 对应中文“沙漠气候如此恶劣，以至于只有少数动植物能在那儿存活”，用“so...that...”结构，“沙漠气候”是the climate in deserts，“如此恶劣”是is so awful，“少数动植物”是only a few animals and plants，故补全为the climate in deserts is so awful; only a few animals and plants。
【答案】
1. grasslands in different places are home to different animals
2. dry in deserts because there’s little rain
3. the climate in deserts is so awful; only a few animals and plants
【知识点】
英语句子补全、固定搭配（be home to）、so...that...句式
【点评】
本题考查课文重点句子的掌握，需准确记忆对应英文表达，难度较低，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.3

一、根据句意和中文释义，写出句中所缺单词
1. More people are worrying about (气候) change.
2. I just can’t believe that the plants can live in such a (干燥的) place.
3. The fall of one (树叶) is enough to tell of the coming of autumn.
4. Understanding cultural (差异) is important when we travel abroad.
5. The girl (在……之间) you and me is my sister Amy.

1. climate
2. dry
3. leaf
4. differences
5. between

【分析】本题要求根据句意和中文提示写出正确的英语单词，解题时需先理解每个句子的语境，再结合括号内的中文释义，回忆对应的英文词汇，同时注意词汇的形式变化（如名词单复数）和固定搭配、介词用法等细节。
【解析】1. “气候”对应的英文名词是climate，climate change是固定短语“气候变化”，符合句意；2. “干燥的”是形容词dry，用于修饰名词place，符合语境；3. “树叶”是名词leaf，前面有one修饰，用单数形式；4. “差异”是名词difference，此处指各类文化差异，需用复数形式differences；5. “在……之间（两者）”用介词between，符合“you and me”的两者语境。
【答案】1. climate；2. dry；3. leaf；4. differences；5. between
【知识点】英语词汇运用、名词单复数、介词辨析
【点评】本题为基础英语词汇题，侧重考查核心词汇的识记与简单运用，涉及名词单复数、介词的基础用法，是英语学习的基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8

二、用方框中所给单词和词组的正确形式填空，补全短文
nature look like support lie know something about home to
Nature is full of surprises. In the (1) world, there are special ecosystems to (2) life in different ways. These ecosystems, like forests, oceans and deserts, all play an important role.
Forests are (3) trees and animals. They help people by cleaning the air. Under the ground (4) a network of roots (根系网络) that helps plants grow.
(5) this system helps people understand how connected nature is.
Coral reefs are another example. They (6) colourful underwater homes to some fish and other sea animals. However, they also need clean water to survive.
Ecosystems are important for all living things. They provide food, water and homes for them. Protecting them is important. Let’s care for nature and its amazing ecosystems!

1. natural
2. support
3. home to
4. lies
5. Knowing something about
6. look like

【分析】
本题为词汇及词组的正确形式填空题，需结合语境、词性、语法规则（如词性转换、主谓一致、非谓语动词）和固定搭配解题。逐个分析：1空修饰名词world，需用nature的形容词形式；2空前是不定式符号to，用动词原形；3空考查固定搭配；4空为倒装句，主语是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数；5空作主语，需用动名词短语；6空主语是复数，谓语用动词原形。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰名词world，需将名词nature变为形容词natural，构成固定表达“in the natural world”（在自然界）；
2. 不定式符号to后接动词原形，方框内support符合语境，意为“以不同方式支撑生命”；
3. 考查固定搭配be home to，意为“是……的家园”，符合森林是动植物家园的语境；
4. 该句为倒装句，真正主语是单数的a network of roots，谓语动词用lie的第三人称单数形式lies，意为“地下有根系网络”；
5. 空格作主语，需用动名词短语，结合方框内容，Knowing something about作主语，意为“了解这个系统”；
6. 主语they是复数，谓语用动词原形look like，意为“看起来像”。
【答案】
1. natural
2. support
3. home to
4. lies
5. Knowing something about
6. look like
【知识点】
形容词变形、固定搭配、动词形式变化
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇及词组的正确形式运用，需结合语境和语法规则解题，是常见的基础题型，注重对核心词汇和语法的掌握。
【难度系数】
0.6