四、(名师原创)短文综合填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式)
Everyone 1. (know) Confucius(孔子). He is a great thinker in Chinese history. He was born in Qufu in Shandong Province during the Spring and Autumn Period. He was from a rich family. Confucius lived for 73 years. He lived 2. (long) than other most people at his age. He has a long life and has a set of ways to keep 3. (health).
First of all, he had a big heart and he opened it up to everyone. His dream was that the old live an easy life, friends believe 4. him and the young think of him. He had a simple life. He always said, “People can eat coarse grains(粗粮), drink cold water and bend arms as a pillow(枕头)”. He thought it's wrong 5. (get) wealth in special ways.
Secondly, Confucius was very careful about his eating 6. he thought it was good for his mind and body. He never ate food that became bad. He never spoke while 7. (eat) or sleeping.
Lastly, he liked music and 8. (exercise). He could play the qin. He also liked to travel around the world. He was strict with himself. One of his famous 9. (say) is, “Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you.”
As students in the 21st century, we should have 10. open heart, big dreams and good living habits. We should also work hard from now on. Please take action right away!

1. knows 2. longer 3. healthy 4. in 5. to get
6. because 7. eating 8. exercise 9. sayings 10. an

【分析】
这是一道短文综合填空题，需结合语境、语法规则（时态、词性、固定搭配、非谓语等）完成填空。解题思路：先通读全文理解文章大意（介绍孔子的养生方式及对学生的启示），再逐个分析每个空格的考点：1. 主语everyone为单数，一般现在时动词用三单；2. 有than需用比较级；3. keep后接形容词；4. 固定搭配believe in；5. it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语；6. 前后为因果关系选连词；7. while后接现在分词；8. like后接名词；9. one of后接名词复数；10. open以元音音素开头用an。
【解析】
1. 主语everyone是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，故动词know用第三人称单数形式knows。
2. 句中出现比较级标志词than，需用形容词long的比较级longer。
3. 固定搭配keep healthy（保持健康），keep为系动词，后接形容词，故将名词health变为形容词healthy。
4. 固定搭配believe in sb（信任某人），故填介词in。
5. 句型it's + adj. + to do sth（做某事是……的），it为形式主语，真正主语是不定式，故填to get。
6. 前后句为因果关系：孔子注意饮食，因为他认为饮食对身心有益，故填连词because。
7. while引导时间状语，省略主语和be动词，需用动词的现在分词形式，故填eating。
8. like后可接名词，此处表示“喜欢运动”，exercise作不可数名词，故填exercise。
9. 固定结构one of + 可数名词复数（……之一），故将动词say变为名词复数sayings。
10. 此处泛指“一个开放的心态”，open以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。
【答案】
1. knows 2. longer 3. healthy 4. in 5. to get 6. because 7. eating 8. exercise 9. sayings 10. an
【知识点】
一般现在时的用法、形容词比较级、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为短文综合填空，考查学生对词汇、语法、固定搭配及语境的综合运用能力，考点均为初中英语核心基础内容，需结合上下文分析，难度适中，能有效检验学生的英语基础掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.6