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四、短文填空:阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I used to have a poor memory. I had trouble 1.
The first tip was to use 3.
Now I can recall information much more 9.
I used to have a poor memory. I had trouble 1.
remembering
(remember) where I put keys or what the teacher said. Then my friend Amy told me some simple ways 2. to boost
(boost) it.The first tip was to use 3.
images
(image) to link new information with what I already knew. For example, if I had to remember a name, I would create an image of 4. the
person standing next to something familiar in my mind. It sounded strange,5. but
turned out to be quite effective. Amy also said talking with others would help. So I started by discussing my lessons 6. with
my friends after school. While talking, I found it 7. easier
(easy) to remember details than before. Besides, Amy advised me to change my diet. I began to eat more 8. healthy
(health) food, like fish and nuts. Surprisingly, eating well really helped my brain work better.Now I can recall information much more 9.
clearly
(clear). I no longer worry about tests. If you want to boost your memory, these ways are likely to work for you too. Just give 10. them
(they) a try. As long as you keep practising, you can have a better memory.答案
1. remembering 2. to boost 3. images 4. the 5. but 6. with 7. easier 8. healthy 9. clearly 10. them
解析
【分析】首先通读短文理解语境，逐个分析空白处的考点：1. 考查固定搭配的动名词形式；2. 考查不定式作后置定语修饰名词；3. 考查可数名词的复数形式；4. 考查定冠词的特指用法；5. 考查转折连词；6. 考查固定搭配中的介词；7. 考查形容词比较级（由than提示）；8. 考查形容词修饰名词；9. 考查副词修饰动词；10. 考查代词宾格作动词宾语。
【解析】1. 固定搭配have trouble (in) doing sth，意为“做某事有困难”，故填remembering；2. 名词way后接不定式作后置定语，表“做某事的方法”，故填to boost；3. image是可数名词，此处表泛指“多个图像”，用复数images；4. 特指前文提到的“需要记忆的那个人”，用定冠词the；5. 前后句为转折关系，填连词but；6. 固定搭配discuss sth with sb，意为“和某人讨论某事”，故填with；7. 由句中than可知，用形容词easy的比较级easier；8. 修饰名词food，用形容词healthy；9. 修饰动词recall，用副词clearly；10. 动词give后接代词宾格，they的宾格是them，故填them。
【答案】1. remembering 2. to boost 3. images 4. the 5. but 6. with 7. easier 8. healthy 9. clearly 10. them
【知识点】固定搭配 非谓语动词 形容词副词用法
【点评】本题为英语短文填空基础题，结合语境考查核心基础知识，涵盖固定搭配、语法结构等，需学生结合语境分析考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 固定搭配have trouble (in) doing sth，意为“做某事有困难”，故填remembering；2. 名词way后接不定式作后置定语，表“做某事的方法”，故填to boost；3. image是可数名词，此处表泛指“多个图像”，用复数images；4. 特指前文提到的“需要记忆的那个人”，用定冠词the；5. 前后句为转折关系，填连词but；6. 固定搭配discuss sth with sb，意为“和某人讨论某事”，故填with；7. 由句中than可知，用形容词easy的比较级easier；8. 修饰名词food，用形容词healthy；9. 修饰动词recall，用副词clearly；10. 动词give后接代词宾格，they的宾格是them，故填them。
【答案】1. remembering 2. to boost 3. images 4. the 5. but 6. with 7. easier 8. healthy 9. clearly 10. them
【知识点】固定搭配 非谓语动词 形容词副词用法
【点评】本题为英语短文填空基础题，结合语境考查核心基础知识，涵盖固定搭配、语法结构等，需学生结合语境分析考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
五、任务型阅读:阅读下面短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
Many students often think they have memory problems. They worry because they can't remember words. In fact, the problem usually isn't with their memory. The problem is with how they study.
To remember words better, you need to understand how memory works. There are two kinds of memory: short-term memory and long-term memory. When you see, hear or read something, it goes first into short-term memory. But short-term memory lasts for only a few seconds. You'll only remember something longer if it goes into long-term memory. Your long-term memory is like a big library with many books. And like a library, it's organized. When you put away a book or memory, you can't just leave it anywhere. You have to choose a place where you can find it again.
How can you do this with vocabulary? The answer is to work with the word and think about the word in new ways. You can do this by writing new sentences that include it. Even better, you can create a little story about it, with people or places that you know. Another way is to picture an image in your mind with it. All of these activities are good ways to think about words. They make the meanings of words stronger in your long-term memory. And they give a way to find a word when you need it.
1. Why do many students think they have memory problems?
2. How long does short-term memory last?
3. What is long-term memory like according to the passage?
4. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?
5. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
Many students often think they have memory problems. They worry because they can't remember words. In fact, the problem usually isn't with their memory. The problem is with how they study.
To remember words better, you need to understand how memory works. There are two kinds of memory: short-term memory and long-term memory. When you see, hear or read something, it goes first into short-term memory. But short-term memory lasts for only a few seconds. You'll only remember something longer if it goes into long-term memory. Your long-term memory is like a big library with many books. And like a library, it's organized. When you put away a book or memory, you can't just leave it anywhere. You have to choose a place where you can find it again.
How can you do this with vocabulary? The answer is to work with the word and think about the word in new ways. You can do this by writing new sentences that include it. Even better, you can create a little story about it, with people or places that you know. Another way is to picture an image in your mind with it. All of these activities are good ways to think about words. They make the meanings of words stronger in your long-term memory. And they give a way to find a word when you need it.
1. Why do many students think they have memory problems?
Because they can't remember words.
2. How long does short-term memory last?
It lasts for only a few seconds.
3. What is long-term memory like according to the passage?
It is like a big and organized library.
4. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?
It refers to "All of these activities".
5. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
It's mainly about how to move vocabulary into long-term memory.
答案
1. Because they can't remember words. 2. It lasts for only a few seconds. 3. It is like a big and organized library. 4. It refers to "All of these activities". 5. It's mainly about how to move vocabulary into long-term memory.
解析
【分析】
做任务型阅读时，需先通读短文把握大意，再根据每个问题的关键词回原文定位对应内容：第1题定位第一段找学生认为有记忆问题的原因；第2题定位第二段找短期记忆的时长；第3题定位第二段找长期记忆的比喻；第4题定位最后一段找代词指代的内容；第5题总结最后一段的核心内容，提取原文关键信息作答即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第二句“They worry because they can't remember words.”，直接提取原因；
2. 定位原文第二段“But short-term memory lasts for only a few seconds.”，直接提取时长；
3. 定位原文第二段“Your long-term memory is like a big library with many books. And like a library, it's organized.”，合并整理为答案；
4. 定位最后一段前文“All of these activities are good ways to think about words. They make the meanings of words stronger...”，可知“They”指代“All of these activities”；
5. 最后一段围绕如何将词汇转化为长期记忆的方法展开，总结其主旨。
【答案】
1. Because they can't remember words.
2. It lasts for only a few seconds.
3. It is like a big and organized library.
4. It refers to "All of these activities".
5. It's mainly about how to move vocabulary into long-term memory.
【知识点】
任务型阅读，代词指代，段落主旨概括
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读综合考查题，涵盖细节查找、代词指代、段落主旨三类考点，要求学生具备快速定位原文信息、准确理解代词指代及概括段落核心的能力，整体难度不大，细心作答即可得分。
【难度系数】
0.8
做任务型阅读时，需先通读短文把握大意，再根据每个问题的关键词回原文定位对应内容：第1题定位第一段找学生认为有记忆问题的原因；第2题定位第二段找短期记忆的时长；第3题定位第二段找长期记忆的比喻；第4题定位最后一段找代词指代的内容；第5题总结最后一段的核心内容，提取原文关键信息作答即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第二句“They worry because they can't remember words.”，直接提取原因；
2. 定位原文第二段“But short-term memory lasts for only a few seconds.”，直接提取时长；
3. 定位原文第二段“Your long-term memory is like a big library with many books. And like a library, it's organized.”，合并整理为答案；
4. 定位最后一段前文“All of these activities are good ways to think about words. They make the meanings of words stronger...”，可知“They”指代“All of these activities”；
5. 最后一段围绕如何将词汇转化为长期记忆的方法展开，总结其主旨。
【答案】
1. Because they can't remember words.
2. It lasts for only a few seconds.
3. It is like a big and organized library.
4. It refers to "All of these activities".
5. It's mainly about how to move vocabulary into long-term memory.
【知识点】
任务型阅读，代词指代，段落主旨概括
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读综合考查题，涵盖细节查找、代词指代、段落主旨三类考点，要求学生具备快速定位原文信息、准确理解代词指代及概括段落核心的能力，整体难度不大，细心作答即可得分。
【难度系数】
0.8
