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二、阅读理解
A
Do you like delicious blueberries? If so, when you eat next time, take a look at them. Are they really blue?
Not really. Take off the skin. The inside is white. Rub(摩擦) the inside of a blueberry on a white piece of paper. It is reddish-purple. And if you rub the outside of a blueberry, it gets almost black. But the moment you pick one, it does look blue. Why?
There are two ways to create colours. The first way is through “structural colour”(结构色). The blueberry makes it in its own way. When the blueberry is full grown, it is black. But a thin layer of wax(蜡层), on the outside of the blueberry, gives it a blue look.
The second is through plant pigments(色素). The pigments on the blueberry skin take in green and yellow light and reflect blue light. That’s why blueberries look blue in our eyes. In fact, there aren’t any “true blue” in the plants. We can also see the similar features on the green leaves(叶子).
The blueberry’s special colour way is cool. It shows us the wonderful magic of nature. More secrets in
our nature are waiting for us to discover! Now your bowl of blueberries suddenly looks a lot more interesting!
1. According to Paragraph 2, after you rub the outside of a blueberry, it almost looks
A. blue B. black C. white D. reddish-purple
2. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?
A. a blue look B. the skin C. a black look D. structural colour
3. Which of the following probably shows why leaf looks green to us?
4. The passage is mainly to tell us
A. why blueberries look blue B. how blueberries taste good
C. why blue is special in the plant world D. how blueberries take off the skin
B
A
Do you like delicious blueberries? If so, when you eat next time, take a look at them. Are they really blue?
Not really. Take off the skin. The inside is white. Rub(摩擦) the inside of a blueberry on a white piece of paper. It is reddish-purple. And if you rub the outside of a blueberry, it gets almost black. But the moment you pick one, it does look blue. Why?
There are two ways to create colours. The first way is through “structural colour”(结构色). The blueberry makes it in its own way. When the blueberry is full grown, it is black. But a thin layer of wax(蜡层), on the outside of the blueberry, gives it a blue look.
The second is through plant pigments(色素). The pigments on the blueberry skin take in green and yellow light and reflect blue light. That’s why blueberries look blue in our eyes. In fact, there aren’t any “true blue” in the plants. We can also see the similar features on the green leaves(叶子).
The blueberry’s special colour way is cool. It shows us the wonderful magic of nature. More secrets in
our nature are waiting for us to discover! Now your bowl of blueberries suddenly looks a lot more interesting!
1. According to Paragraph 2, after you rub the outside of a blueberry, it almost looks
B
.A. blue B. black C. white D. reddish-purple
2. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?
A. a blue look B. the skin C. a black look D. structural colour
3. Which of the following probably shows why leaf looks green to us?
4. The passage is mainly to tell us
A
.A. why blueberries look blue B. how blueberries taste good
C. why blue is special in the plant world D. how blueberries take off the skin
B
答案
二、阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文主要解释了蓝莓看起来是蓝色的原因,这与结构色与植物色素有关。
1. B 提示:细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句“And if you rub the outside of a blueberry, it gets almost black.”可知,如果你摩擦蓝莓的外面,它看起来几乎是黑色的。
2. D 提示:代词指代题。根据画线词所在句及其前一句“The first way is through 'structural colour'. The blueberry makes it in its own way.”可知,第一种方法是通过“结构色”,蓝莓以自己的方式制造结构色。由此可见,it 指代前文提到的“structural colour”。
3. C 提示:推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三句“The pigments on the blueberry skin take in green and yellow light and reflect blue light. That's why blueberries look blue in our eyes.”以及第四段最后一句“We can also see the similar features on the green leaves.”可知,蓝莓表皮上的色素吸收绿色和黄色的光,并反射蓝色的光,所以我们看到蓝莓是蓝色。我们能在绿叶上看到类似的特征。结合常识,叶子中的叶绿素吸收红光和蓝光,反射绿光,因此呈现绿色。
4. A 提示:主旨大意题。文章开篇通过提问“Are they really blue?”引出话题,接着介绍了蓝莓呈现蓝色的两种方式,由此可知,全文围绕“蓝莓为什么看起来是蓝色的”这一核心问题展开。
A
【语篇导读】本文主要解释了蓝莓看起来是蓝色的原因,这与结构色与植物色素有关。
1. B 提示:细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句“And if you rub the outside of a blueberry, it gets almost black.”可知,如果你摩擦蓝莓的外面,它看起来几乎是黑色的。
2. D 提示:代词指代题。根据画线词所在句及其前一句“The first way is through 'structural colour'. The blueberry makes it in its own way.”可知,第一种方法是通过“结构色”,蓝莓以自己的方式制造结构色。由此可见,it 指代前文提到的“structural colour”。
3. C 提示:推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三句“The pigments on the blueberry skin take in green and yellow light and reflect blue light. That's why blueberries look blue in our eyes.”以及第四段最后一句“We can also see the similar features on the green leaves.”可知,蓝莓表皮上的色素吸收绿色和黄色的光,并反射蓝色的光,所以我们看到蓝莓是蓝色。我们能在绿叶上看到类似的特征。结合常识,叶子中的叶绿素吸收红光和蓝光,反射绿光,因此呈现绿色。
4. A 提示:主旨大意题。文章开篇通过提问“Are they really blue?”引出话题,接着介绍了蓝莓呈现蓝色的两种方式,由此可知,全文围绕“蓝莓为什么看起来是蓝色的”这一核心问题展开。
解析
【分析】
本题为阅读理解推理判断题，需结合原文中植物显色的原理及绿叶的类似特征分析。根据原文，蓝莓通过色素吸收绿、黄光并反射蓝光显蓝色，绿叶具有类似特征；结合常识，叶子显绿色是因为其色素吸收红光和蓝光，反射绿光，据此判断选项。
【解析】
第3题：根据第四段内容，蓝莓表皮色素吸收绿、黄光，反射蓝光，故显蓝色；绿叶具有类似特征。结合常识，叶子呈现绿色是因为其色素吸收红光和蓝光，反射绿光。分析选项：A选项中叶子吸收蓝光、反射绿黄光，不符合；B选项中叶子吸收绿黄光、反射蓝光，对应蓝莓的显色原理，不符合；C选项中叶子吸收红蓝光、反射绿光，符合叶子显绿色的原理；D选项中叶子吸收绿光、反射红蓝光，不符合。因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
阅读理解推理判断，光的反射
【点评】
本题结合植物颜色的生活现象，考查学生从原文提取信息并结合常识推理的能力，难度适中，需仔细分析原文与选项的对应关系。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为阅读理解推理判断题，需结合原文中植物显色的原理及绿叶的类似特征分析。根据原文，蓝莓通过色素吸收绿、黄光并反射蓝光显蓝色，绿叶具有类似特征；结合常识，叶子显绿色是因为其色素吸收红光和蓝光，反射绿光，据此判断选项。
【解析】
第3题：根据第四段内容，蓝莓表皮色素吸收绿、黄光，反射蓝光，故显蓝色；绿叶具有类似特征。结合常识，叶子呈现绿色是因为其色素吸收红光和蓝光，反射绿光。分析选项：A选项中叶子吸收蓝光、反射绿黄光，不符合；B选项中叶子吸收绿黄光、反射蓝光，对应蓝莓的显色原理，不符合；C选项中叶子吸收红蓝光、反射绿光，符合叶子显绿色的原理；D选项中叶子吸收绿光、反射红蓝光，不符合。因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
阅读理解推理判断，光的反射
【点评】
本题结合植物颜色的生活现象，考查学生从原文提取信息并结合常识推理的能力，难度适中，需仔细分析原文与选项的对应关系。
【难度系数】
0.6
