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[2025 重庆育才中学教育集团期中改编]
When you are thirsty, what is your favorite drink? A bottle of cola? If so, be careful! Soft drinks are not all that healthy. There is too much sugar in them and it's bad for your teeth and makes you fat.
How about energy drinks (功能饮料)? They do give people energy. Sporty kids like drinking them very much. However, this kind of drink has caffeine (咖啡因) in it. It makes children active in sports. But drinking too much of it is dangerous, because you will not sleep well and you'll find it hard to concentrate (集中注意力) in class. Energy drinks also have acid (酸). This is bad for your teeth.
So what can you drink? Don't worry. Here are some cool and healthy drinks. Let's take a look.
Water? That's right. It is the best and healthiest drink. Water has no sugar. It won't give you bad teeth or make you fat. _______ A research group suggests at least eight glasses of water a day (240 ml of water per glass).
If you don't like fresh fruit and vegetables, 100 percent juice can be a good choice. But don't drink too much and no more than 240 ml a day is good for you. Remember: If you open a bottle of fresh juice, please drink it in one go, or it will go bad.
Milk helps you build a healthy body. Milk is rich in protein (蛋白质), vitamin D and calcium (钙). They are all good for children's bones and teeth.
More and more people in China think developing healthy eating habits is important. They always say that you are what you eat. Let's all make healthy eating choices.
21. 新中考 代词指代题 What does "This" in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)?
A. Caffeine.
B. Orange juice.
C. Acid.
D. Not sleeping well.
22. 新中考 信息还原题 Which of the following can be put in the "_______"?
A. Can fat people drink much water?
B. Why is water so good for your health?
C. How much water should you drink every day?
D. Who should drink eight glasses of water every day?
23. 新中考 文章结构题 Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? (① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2...)
When you are thirsty, what is your favorite drink? A bottle of cola? If so, be careful! Soft drinks are not all that healthy. There is too much sugar in them and it's bad for your teeth and makes you fat.
How about energy drinks (功能饮料)? They do give people energy. Sporty kids like drinking them very much. However, this kind of drink has caffeine (咖啡因) in it. It makes children active in sports. But drinking too much of it is dangerous, because you will not sleep well and you'll find it hard to concentrate (集中注意力) in class. Energy drinks also have acid (酸). This is bad for your teeth.
So what can you drink? Don't worry. Here are some cool and healthy drinks. Let's take a look.
Water? That's right. It is the best and healthiest drink. Water has no sugar. It won't give you bad teeth or make you fat. _______ A research group suggests at least eight glasses of water a day (240 ml of water per glass).
If you don't like fresh fruit and vegetables, 100 percent juice can be a good choice. But don't drink too much and no more than 240 ml a day is good for you. Remember: If you open a bottle of fresh juice, please drink it in one go, or it will go bad.
Milk helps you build a healthy body. Milk is rich in protein (蛋白质), vitamin D and calcium (钙). They are all good for children's bones and teeth.
More and more people in China think developing healthy eating habits is important. They always say that you are what you eat. Let's all make healthy eating choices.
21. 新中考 代词指代题 What does "This" in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)?
A. Caffeine.
B. Orange juice.
C. Acid.
D. Not sleeping well.
22. 新中考 信息还原题 Which of the following can be put in the "_______"?
A. Can fat people drink much water?
B. Why is water so good for your health?
C. How much water should you drink every day?
D. Who should drink eight glasses of water every day?
23. 新中考 文章结构题 Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? (① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2...)
答案
Ⅳ. [语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了不同的饮品所含的成分和对健康的影响，并推荐了健康的饮品。
21. C 代词指代题。根据第二段中的“Energy drinks also have acid. This is bad for your teeth.”可知，功能饮料含有酸，这对你的牙齿不好。“This”指代的是酸。故选 C。
技巧点拨 代词指代题是选择型阅读理解的题型之一，考查画线的代词指代的内容。常见的画线代词有 it、them、he、him、that、this、those、these 等。解题时需要结合画线词的上下文推出其指代内容。
22. C 信息还原题。根据设空处后提到的“A research group suggests at least eight glasses of water a day (240 ml of water per glass).”可知，该句讲的是建议喝水的量，由此可推断所缺的问题是“你每天应该喝多少水？”，故选 C。
23. D 文章结构题。通读全文可知，第一、二段介绍了不健康的饮料；第三段为过渡段；第四、五、六段分别介绍了三种健康的饮品；第七段呼吁大家要养成健康的饮食习惯。故选 D。
21. C 代词指代题。根据第二段中的“Energy drinks also have acid. This is bad for your teeth.”可知，功能饮料含有酸，这对你的牙齿不好。“This”指代的是酸。故选 C。
技巧点拨 代词指代题是选择型阅读理解的题型之一，考查画线的代词指代的内容。常见的画线代词有 it、them、he、him、that、this、those、these 等。解题时需要结合画线词的上下文推出其指代内容。
22. C 信息还原题。根据设空处后提到的“A research group suggests at least eight glasses of water a day (240 ml of water per glass).”可知，该句讲的是建议喝水的量，由此可推断所缺的问题是“你每天应该喝多少水？”，故选 C。
23. D 文章结构题。通读全文可知，第一、二段介绍了不健康的饮料；第三段为过渡段；第四、五、六段分别介绍了三种健康的饮品；第七段呼吁大家要养成健康的饮食习惯。故选 D。
解析
【分析】
本题包含三道阅读理解题，分别为代词指代题、信息还原题、文章结构题，解题思路如下：
1. 第21题（代词指代题）：需定位到第二段中“this”的前文，找到其指代的具体内容，即功能饮料中的成分；
2. 第22题（信息还原题）：需结合空格后句子的核心内容（关于每日饮水量的建议），推断空格处应提出的问题；
3. 第23题（文章结构题）：需梳理全文各段落的主旨，划分段落层次，匹配对应的结构示意图。
【解析】
21. 代词指代题：根据第二段“Energy drinks also have acid. This is bad for your teeth.”可知，“This”指代前文提到的“acid”，对应选项C，故选C。
22. 信息还原题：空格后句子“A research group suggests at least eight glasses of water a day...”核心是建议每日饮水量，因此空格处应提出“每天应喝多少水”的问题，对应选项C，故选C。
23. 文章结构题：通读全文，段落①②分别介绍可乐、功能饮料等不健康饮品；段落③为过渡段，引出健康饮品的话题；段落④⑤⑥分别介绍水、100%果汁、牛奶三种健康饮品；段落⑦为总结呼吁段，对应选项D的结构，故选D。
【答案】
21. C 22. C 23. D
【知识点】
代词指代、信息还原、文章结构
【点评】
本题为中考常见阅读理解题型，涵盖代词指代、信息还原、文章结构三类考点，侧重考查学生对文章细节的定位能力和对篇章结构的梳理能力，整体难度适中，只要仔细阅读原文即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题包含三道阅读理解题，分别为代词指代题、信息还原题、文章结构题，解题思路如下：
1. 第21题（代词指代题）：需定位到第二段中“this”的前文，找到其指代的具体内容，即功能饮料中的成分；
2. 第22题（信息还原题）：需结合空格后句子的核心内容（关于每日饮水量的建议），推断空格处应提出的问题；
3. 第23题（文章结构题）：需梳理全文各段落的主旨，划分段落层次，匹配对应的结构示意图。
【解析】
21. 代词指代题：根据第二段“Energy drinks also have acid. This is bad for your teeth.”可知，“This”指代前文提到的“acid”，对应选项C，故选C。
22. 信息还原题：空格后句子“A research group suggests at least eight glasses of water a day...”核心是建议每日饮水量，因此空格处应提出“每天应喝多少水”的问题，对应选项C，故选C。
23. 文章结构题：通读全文，段落①②分别介绍可乐、功能饮料等不健康饮品；段落③为过渡段，引出健康饮品的话题；段落④⑤⑥分别介绍水、100%果汁、牛奶三种健康饮品；段落⑦为总结呼吁段，对应选项D的结构，故选D。
【答案】
21. C 22. C 23. D
【知识点】
代词指代、信息还原、文章结构
【点评】
本题为中考常见阅读理解题型，涵盖代词指代、信息还原、文章结构三类考点，侧重考查学生对文章细节的定位能力和对篇章结构的梳理能力，整体难度适中，只要仔细阅读原文即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
