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一、完形填空。
The weather is different in different parts of the world.
In some places it is 1, but in others it is wet. If the weather is too dry, the land will not be good 2 animals or plants. In wet weather there may be too much 3. The rivers 4 go over the banks. The water may 5 away the crops(庄稼). Therefore, a lot of people may not have enough 6 to eat.
In some other parts of the world the 7 may be very cold. There is 8 snow. When it snows, everything 9 white. In winter, the days are 10 and the nights are long. At cold winter nights, when there are no clouds 11 winds, the sky is very clear. The moon and stars are very 12. People may 13 on their coats and go for long walks. When they come 14 to their houses, they may have tea and cakes by the fire 15.
1.A. cold B. cool C. dry
2.A. for B. at C. with
3.A. snow B. rain C. cloud
4.A. must B. should C. may
5.A. turn B. give C. wash
6.A. food B. drinks C. snacks
7.A. day B. sky C. weather
8.A. much B. many C. any
9.A. sees B. feels C. looks
10.A. short B. wide C. high
11.A. and B. or C. but
12.A. kind B. beautiful C. lazy
13.A. try B. keep C. put
14.A. around B. back C. out
15.A. happily B. sadly C. loudly
The weather is different in different parts of the world.
In some places it is 1, but in others it is wet. If the weather is too dry, the land will not be good 2 animals or plants. In wet weather there may be too much 3. The rivers 4 go over the banks. The water may 5 away the crops(庄稼). Therefore, a lot of people may not have enough 6 to eat.
In some other parts of the world the 7 may be very cold. There is 8 snow. When it snows, everything 9 white. In winter, the days are 10 and the nights are long. At cold winter nights, when there are no clouds 11 winds, the sky is very clear. The moon and stars are very 12. People may 13 on their coats and go for long walks. When they come 14 to their houses, they may have tea and cakes by the fire 15.
1.A. cold B. cool C. dry
2.A. for B. at C. with
3.A. snow B. rain C. cloud
4.A. must B. should C. may
5.A. turn B. give C. wash
6.A. food B. drinks C. snacks
7.A. day B. sky C. weather
8.A. much B. many C. any
9.A. sees B. feels C. looks
10.A. short B. wide C. high
11.A. and B. or C. but
12.A. kind B. beautiful C. lazy
13.A. try B. keep C. put
14.A. around B. back C. out
15.A. happily B. sadly C. loudly
答案
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.A
解析
【分析】做完形填空需遵循“通读全文→理解主旨→结合语境→辨析词汇→验证答案”的思路：首先通读全文，明确文章主题是“世界不同地区天气的差异及影响”；再逐题分析，根据空格前后的转折/并列逻辑、固定搭配、词义辨析等确定答案，比如第1题由后文“but in others it is wet”的转折关系，可判断空格处为“干燥的”，以此类推，每道题都需结合上下文逻辑和基础语法知识选择正确选项。
【解析】
1. 由后文“but in others it is wet”的转折关系，可知此处指“干燥的”，选C（dry）。
2. 考查固定搭配“be good for”，意为“对……有益”，句意为“如果天气太干燥，土地对动植物就不好”，选A（for）。
3. 前文提到“wet weather”，结合常识，潮湿天气会有过多“雨”，选B（rain）。
4. 句意为“河流可能会漫过河岸”，情态动词may表“可能”，符合语境，选C（may）。
5. 固定搭配“wash away”意为“冲走”，句意为“水可能会冲走庄稼”，选C（wash）。
6. 庄稼被冲走，人们会缺少足够的“食物”，选A（food）。
7. 本段讲寒冷区域，此处指“天气”可能很冷，选C（weather）。
8. snow为不可数名词，much修饰不可数名词，符合语境，选A（much）。
9. 句意为“下雪时，一切看起来都是白色的”，look表“看起来”，符合语境，选C（looks）。
10. 冬天白天“短”，对应后文“the nights are long”，选A（short）。
11. 否定句中连接并列成分用or，句意为“当没有云和风时”，选B（or）。
12. 晴朗夜晚，月亮和星星非常“美丽”，选B（beautiful）。
13. 固定搭配“put on”意为“穿上”，句意为“人们可能穿上外套去散步”，选C（put）。
14. 固定搭配“come back to”意为“回到”，句意为“当他们回到家时”，选B（back）。
15. 开心地在炉火边喝茶吃蛋糕，副词happily修饰动作，选A（happily）。
【答案】1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.A
【知识点】完形填空解题技巧、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】这篇完形围绕天气差异展开，考查初中阶段基础词汇、固定搭配及上下文逻辑理解，是典型的初中英语题型，需学生具备基本的语境分析能力。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】
1. 由后文“but in others it is wet”的转折关系，可知此处指“干燥的”，选C（dry）。
2. 考查固定搭配“be good for”，意为“对……有益”，句意为“如果天气太干燥，土地对动植物就不好”，选A（for）。
3. 前文提到“wet weather”，结合常识，潮湿天气会有过多“雨”，选B（rain）。
4. 句意为“河流可能会漫过河岸”，情态动词may表“可能”，符合语境，选C（may）。
5. 固定搭配“wash away”意为“冲走”，句意为“水可能会冲走庄稼”，选C（wash）。
6. 庄稼被冲走，人们会缺少足够的“食物”，选A（food）。
7. 本段讲寒冷区域，此处指“天气”可能很冷，选C（weather）。
8. snow为不可数名词，much修饰不可数名词，符合语境，选A（much）。
9. 句意为“下雪时，一切看起来都是白色的”，look表“看起来”，符合语境，选C（looks）。
10. 冬天白天“短”，对应后文“the nights are long”，选A（short）。
11. 否定句中连接并列成分用or，句意为“当没有云和风时”，选B（or）。
12. 晴朗夜晚，月亮和星星非常“美丽”，选B（beautiful）。
13. 固定搭配“put on”意为“穿上”，句意为“人们可能穿上外套去散步”，选C（put）。
14. 固定搭配“come back to”意为“回到”，句意为“当他们回到家时”，选B（back）。
15. 开心地在炉火边喝茶吃蛋糕，副词happily修饰动作，选A（happily）。
【答案】1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.A
【知识点】完形填空解题技巧、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】这篇完形围绕天气差异展开，考查初中阶段基础词汇、固定搭配及上下文逻辑理解，是典型的初中英语题型，需学生具备基本的语境分析能力。
【难度系数】0.6
二、阅读理解。
Different weather makes people feel different. It affects health, intelligence (智力) and feelings.
In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there may have heart problems in this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot sometimes and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart problems after the weather changes quickly in February or March.
▲
For example, the IQs of a group of students were very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQs were 10% lower. The wind can temporarily affect people’s intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can make it lower. Students in many schools in the United States often perform worse (更糟) on exams during the hot months.
Weather also affects people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold in these months. They may feel gloomy and don’t want to talk to anyone in cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. People feel best when the temperature is about 18 ℃.
Are you feeling sad, tired or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem.
1. What kind of weather can cause health problems?
A. Hot and wet weather.
B. Windy weather.
C. Warm and dry weather.
2. When may people be smarter?
A. When it’s hot.
B. When lightning comes.
C. When a strong wind comes.
3. Which sentence can be put in ▲ in paragraph 3?
A. Weather can also influence intelligence.
B. Fat people may feel unhappy when it’s about 18 ℃.
C. Hot weather can make students’ IQs higher.
4. What does the underlined word “gloomy” in paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A. 幸福的
B. 忧郁的
C. 亢奋的
5. What does the writer mainly want to tell us?
A. Changes in the weather may cause health problems.
B. Summer may be a bad time for fat people.
C. Weather influences people’s lives.
Different weather makes people feel different. It affects health, intelligence (智力) and feelings.
In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there may have heart problems in this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot sometimes and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart problems after the weather changes quickly in February or March.
▲
For example, the IQs of a group of students were very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQs were 10% lower. The wind can temporarily affect people’s intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can make it lower. Students in many schools in the United States often perform worse (更糟) on exams during the hot months.
Weather also affects people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold in these months. They may feel gloomy and don’t want to talk to anyone in cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. People feel best when the temperature is about 18 ℃.
Are you feeling sad, tired or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem.
1. What kind of weather can cause health problems?
A. Hot and wet weather.
B. Windy weather.
C. Warm and dry weather.
2. When may people be smarter?
A. When it’s hot.
B. When lightning comes.
C. When a strong wind comes.
3. Which sentence can be put in ▲ in paragraph 3?
A. Weather can also influence intelligence.
B. Fat people may feel unhappy when it’s about 18 ℃.
C. Hot weather can make students’ IQs higher.
4. What does the underlined word “gloomy” in paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A. 幸福的
B. 忧郁的
C. 亢奋的
5. What does the writer mainly want to tell us?
A. Changes in the weather may cause health problems.
B. Summer may be a bad time for fat people.
C. Weather influences people’s lives.
答案
1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C
解析
【分析】
首先通读全文，明确文章主旨是天气会影响人的健康、智力和感受。做各题时，需结合原文对应段落的信息：1题查找引发健康问题的天气，对应第二段内容；2题查找让人更聪明的天气，对应第三段内容；3题补全段落首句，需起到承上启下作用，结合前后文逻辑；4题猜测词义，结合第四段瘦人在冬季的状态；5题概括文章主旨，需梳理全文核心内容。
【解析】
1. 解析：根据第二段“In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there may have heart problems in this month.”可知，湿热天气会引发健康问题，对应选项A。
2. 解析：根据第三段“For example, the IQs of a group of students were very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQs were 10% lower.”可知，强风来临时人们智商更高，对应选项C。
3. 解析：▲处为段落首句，起承上启下作用，前文讲天气影响健康，后文讲天气对智力的影响，因此需选“天气也影响智力”的句子，对应选项A。
4. 解析：根据第四段“Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold in these months. They may feel gloomy and don’t want to talk to anyone in cold weather.”可知，gloomy意为“忧郁的”，对应选项B。
5. 解析：全文围绕“天气影响人的健康、智力、感受”展开，核心是天气影响人们的生活，对应选项C。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，涵盖细节查找、词义猜测、主旨大意等题型，内容贴近生活，难度适中，需学生准确抓取原文关键信息，理清段落逻辑关系。
【难度系数】
0.7
首先通读全文，明确文章主旨是天气会影响人的健康、智力和感受。做各题时，需结合原文对应段落的信息：1题查找引发健康问题的天气，对应第二段内容；2题查找让人更聪明的天气，对应第三段内容；3题补全段落首句，需起到承上启下作用，结合前后文逻辑；4题猜测词义，结合第四段瘦人在冬季的状态；5题概括文章主旨，需梳理全文核心内容。
【解析】
1. 解析：根据第二段“In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there may have heart problems in this month.”可知，湿热天气会引发健康问题，对应选项A。
2. 解析：根据第三段“For example, the IQs of a group of students were very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQs were 10% lower.”可知，强风来临时人们智商更高，对应选项C。
3. 解析：▲处为段落首句，起承上启下作用，前文讲天气影响健康，后文讲天气对智力的影响，因此需选“天气也影响智力”的句子，对应选项A。
4. 解析：根据第四段“Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold in these months. They may feel gloomy and don’t want to talk to anyone in cold weather.”可知，gloomy意为“忧郁的”，对应选项B。
5. 解析：全文围绕“天气影响人的健康、智力、感受”展开，核心是天气影响人们的生活，对应选项C。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，涵盖细节查找、词义猜测、主旨大意等题型，内容贴近生活，难度适中，需学生准确抓取原文关键信息，理清段落逻辑关系。
【难度系数】
0.7
