中考趋势 V.信息还原
从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
When something goes wrong, do you tend to bounce back or fall apart? Here are some strategies to help you manage a personal setback and get back on track toward achieving your goal.
• Realize it's normal. Less than 20 per cent of people successfully achieve their goal the first time around. It's normal and expected for setbacks to happen. 1 Knowing this, it's important to anticipate that the main task will be how to effectively manage the setback when it happens.
• Don't deny(否认) it. Sometimes it's hard to recognize a setback. The problem can be staring you right in the face, but you may deny there's any cause for alarm. 2 This inability to realize the problem doesn't mean you're stupid. It's just that denial can cloud your awareness of the issue. It's important to be receptive to the honest feedback.
• 3 Stop and consider carefully what went wrong. The most common causes of a setback are personal worries, overconfidence, and poor skills or problem solving. Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback: where you were, who you were with, what you were thinking and feeling.
• Learn from it. Learn from your analysis(分析) of the setback, and change your plan to try to prevent similar things from happening the next time. Each time you fine-tune your plan and put it into action again, you actually improve your possibilities of final success. 4
Remind yourself that your setback is a small mistake instead of a fall. 5 After adjusting, you can still make progress toward success again.
A. Don't take it seriously.
B. Analyze what happened.
C. You haven't lost all of the knowledge, skills, and support.
D. In other words, it's not whether a challenge will happen, but it's when.
E. This is because youlearn from each mistake to make your plan more effective.
F. Friends or family will voice their concerns, but you still may not be able to accept it.
G. You might even write about past experiences in a journal to guide your future behaviour.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5.

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了一些有助于处理个人挫折并回到实现目标的轨道上的策略。
1.D 2.F 3.B 4.E 5.C

【分析】本题为中考英语信息还原题，需结合上下文的语义衔接、逻辑关系（如指代、主题呼应）解题。解题思路：先通读全文明确各段落主题，再逐一分析每个空白处前后句的内容，匹配选项的语义与逻辑：1.第1空需承接“挫折正常”的观点，同时引出“预期应对挫折”的内容；2.第2空需承接“否认挫折”的表现；3.第3空需是段落主题句，概括后文“分析挫折”的内容；4.第4空需解释前文“从挫折中学习能提高成功可能”的原因；5.第5空需承接“挫折是小错误而非大失败”的观点，引出“调整后仍能进步”的内容。
【解析】1.第1空：前文提到“挫折发生是正常的”，后文强调要预期挫折发生时的应对，选项D“换句话说，不是挑战是否会发生，而是何时发生”进一步说明挫折必然存在，仅时间问题，衔接自然，故选D；2.第2空：前文说人们会否认挫折，后文提到“无法意识到问题”，选项F“朋友或家人会表达担忧，但你可能还是无法接受”承接“否认”的具体表现，符合语境，故选F；3.第3空：后文围绕“仔细分析挫折原因”展开，选项B“分析发生了什么”概括段落主旨，作为主题句，故选B；4.第4空：前文提到从挫折中学习调整计划能提高成功可能，选项E“这是因为你从每个错误中学习，让计划更有效”解释了前文的原因，逻辑连贯，故选E；5.第5空：前文说挫折是小错误而非大失败，后文说调整后仍能进步，选项C“你并没有失去所有的知识、技能和支持”承接“不是大失败”，说明仍有基础，符合语境，故选C。
【答案】1.D 2.F 3.B 4.E 5.C
【知识点】英语信息还原；语篇逻辑理解
【点评】本题是中考英语典型的信息还原题，侧重考查学生对语篇上下文衔接逻辑的把握能力，需结合语义和主题匹配选项，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

Ⅵ.首字母填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。
（2024·上海一模改编）In 2013，Diana Nyad became the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida without the help of a shark cage，at age 64.
Diana was born in New York City but moved to Florida after her graduation from college. She began swimming at the age of 10 and showed t1 and love for the sport from an early stage. Under the coach of Jack Nelson，the former(昔日的) Olympic swimmer，she won a lot of long-distance swimming c2 during the 1960s and 1970s. Diana became well-known for setting a new r3 for swimming around the island of Manhattan in 1975 in a time of 7 hours and 57 minutes.
At the age of 28，Diana tried to swim from Cuba to Florida for the first time，but was unsuccessful after high winds f4 her to give up the journey. After experiencing various injuries and health problems，Diana felt the need for new challenges b5 the pool. At the age of 30，she became a journalist in broadcast. Diana loved her new job，but from the bottom of her heart，there still was an u6 goal.
After 30 years of no swimming，Diana began training at age 60 with the goal of finishing what she started. In 2011，she failed the Cuba-to-Florida swim twice，first making it 29 hours and then 41 hours. The swim was too difficult and full of d7. During the long and tiring journey，Diana had met with terrible storms and deadly sea animals such as sharks and box jellyfish(箱形水母). But every time Diana failed，she was ready to fight back. In August 2012，after she had spent 60 hours in the water，a lightning storm and other problems stopped her for the fourth time.
In 2013，35 years after her first try，the 64-year-old Diana planned to swim from Cuba to Florida for a f8 time. After 52 hours 54 minutes and 18 seconds，Diana completed the historic swim with the help of a crew of doctors，scientists and navigators on September 2. She finally became the first person to a9 the close-to-impossible goal.
In her book Find a Way，Diana sent us three messages：1. We should never ever give up；2. It's never too old to chase your dreams；3. The swim looks like an individual sport but a10 it needs a team effort.
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5.
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8.
9.
10.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Diana 64 岁时创造了历史，成为第一个不使用防鲨笼从古巴游到佛罗里达的人。
1. talent 2. competitions 3. record 4. forced
5. beyond 6. unfinished 7. danger 8. fifth 9. achieve
10. actually

【分析】
首字母填空需先通读全文把握主旨，再结合空格前后语境、首字母提示判断所需单词的词性与词义，同时考虑固定搭配、语法细节（如单复数、时态），最后通读验证。本文讲述Diana Nyad的游泳经历，需围绕人物的成长、挑战等语境分析每个空格。
【解析】
1. 结合语境“10岁开始游泳，展现对运动的天赋与热爱”，首字母t，固定搭配show talent and love for，故填talent。
2. 前文提到在教练指导下，60、70年代赢得很多长距离游泳比赛，首字母c，a lot of后接可数名词复数，故填competitions。
3. 后文提到1975年游曼哈顿岛的用时，结合首字母r，固定搭配set a new record（创纪录），故填record。
4. 前文说首次尝试失败，大风迫使她放弃，首字母f，时态为过去式，固定搭配force sb to do sth，故填forced。
5. 后文提到她成为记者，说明需要泳池之外的新挑战，首字母b，beyond表示“在……之外”，故填beyond。
6. 前文说热爱新工作，但内心还有未完成的目标，首字母u，unfinished（未完成的）符合语境，故填unfinished。
7. 前文说2011年两次失败，游泳充满危险，首字母d，full of后接名词，故填danger。
8. 前文提到第一次尝试、2011年两次、2012年一次，2013年是第五次尝试，首字母f，故填fifth。
9. 固定搭配achieve the goal（实现目标），首字母a，故填achieve。
10. 前文说游泳看似个人运动，实际上需要团队努力，首字母a，actually（实际上）符合语境，故填actually。
【答案】
1. talent 2. competitions 3. record 4. forced 5. beyond 6. unfinished 7. danger 8. fifth 9. achieve 10. actually
【知识点】
首字母填空解题技巧；词汇语境运用；固定搭配
【点评】
本题为记叙文类首字母填空，围绕人物游泳经历展开，考查学生对语境的理解、核心词汇的掌握及固定搭配的运用，需结合上下文逻辑与首字母提示准确填词，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6