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Ⅳ. 阅读理解
Watching films was one of the most popular forms of entertainment in rural areas in China in the 1970s and 1980s. However, there were no cinemas in many villages at that time. Films were displayed in the open air, mostly on a big yard in front of a temple. The minute the simple screen was set up, people gathered around, waiting for the film projectionist to turn on the two-hour magical journey of the motion pictures.
Villages and towns across China built film teams, each equipped with two or three projectionists. In 1984, Tang Dingde got his projectionist certificate and began his career as a film projectionist. Tang was appointed to screen films benefiting local villagers. As a projectionist, Tang was responsible for the operation and maintenance(维护) of projection equipment. His primary role was to ensure that the audience experienced high-quality screenings. What's more, he also checked and dealt with technical problems that appeared during screenings, such as film jams or equipment breakdowns. As transportation conditions were tough in townships and rural areas, Tang often spent lots of time getting to remote villages to screen the films though there were difficulties. Over the past four decades, Tang has organized tens of thousands of films for villagers.
Tang's son Xiaowei inherits the career as a film projectionist. As the film industry has transitioned to digital technology, Xiaowei and other projectionists now often work with computer-based systems, ensuring the proper setup and adjustment of digital projectors. It is much more convenient and easier for film projectionists to travel to the destinations and complete their tasks nowadays. However, Xiaowei's thought to deliver a perfect and enjoyable experience for audiences is still challenging. Attention to detail, technical proficiency(精通), and the ability to work efficiently under stress are important qualities for projectionists.
1. What does the first paragraph do?
A. It explains scene setting.
B. It sets the tone of the text.
C. It provides supporting details.
D. It offers background information.
2. Which word can best describe Tang's work as a projectionist?
A. Innovative.
B. Productive.
C. Challenging.
D. Competitive.
3. What additional quality should a projectionist have in modern days?
A. Determination to serve.
B. Concentration on details.
C. Skills in digital technology.
D. Adaptability to the new surroundings.
4. Which column of a magazine may the text be taken from?
A. Good Old Days
B. All Walks of Life
C. New Technology New Life
D. Internet Facilitates Entertainment
Watching films was one of the most popular forms of entertainment in rural areas in China in the 1970s and 1980s. However, there were no cinemas in many villages at that time. Films were displayed in the open air, mostly on a big yard in front of a temple. The minute the simple screen was set up, people gathered around, waiting for the film projectionist to turn on the two-hour magical journey of the motion pictures.
Villages and towns across China built film teams, each equipped with two or three projectionists. In 1984, Tang Dingde got his projectionist certificate and began his career as a film projectionist. Tang was appointed to screen films benefiting local villagers. As a projectionist, Tang was responsible for the operation and maintenance(维护) of projection equipment. His primary role was to ensure that the audience experienced high-quality screenings. What's more, he also checked and dealt with technical problems that appeared during screenings, such as film jams or equipment breakdowns. As transportation conditions were tough in townships and rural areas, Tang often spent lots of time getting to remote villages to screen the films though there were difficulties. Over the past four decades, Tang has organized tens of thousands of films for villagers.
Tang's son Xiaowei inherits the career as a film projectionist. As the film industry has transitioned to digital technology, Xiaowei and other projectionists now often work with computer-based systems, ensuring the proper setup and adjustment of digital projectors. It is much more convenient and easier for film projectionists to travel to the destinations and complete their tasks nowadays. However, Xiaowei's thought to deliver a perfect and enjoyable experience for audiences is still challenging. Attention to detail, technical proficiency(精通), and the ability to work efficiently under stress are important qualities for projectionists.
1. What does the first paragraph do?
A. It explains scene setting.
B. It sets the tone of the text.
C. It provides supporting details.
D. It offers background information.
2. Which word can best describe Tang's work as a projectionist?
A. Innovative.
B. Productive.
C. Challenging.
D. Competitive.
3. What additional quality should a projectionist have in modern days?
A. Determination to serve.
B. Concentration on details.
C. Skills in digital technology.
D. Adaptability to the new surroundings.
4. Which column of a magazine may the text be taken from?
A. Good Old Days
B. All Walks of Life
C. New Technology New Life
D. Internet Facilitates Entertainment
答案
Ⅳ. 1.D 2.C 3.C 4.B
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过两代乡下电影放映员讲述了中国电影放映员的职业变迁及其重要性。
1. D 解析:推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知,本段介绍了20 世纪 70 年代和 80 年代中国农村地区的娱乐方式以及电影放映的地点,为后文讲述电影放映员的职业变迁提供了背景信息,所以第一段的作用是提供背景信息。故选 D。
2. C 解析:推理判断题。根据文章第二段"Tang was responsible for the operation and maintenance ... such as film jams or equipment breakdowns ... Tang often spent lots of time getting to remote villages to screen the films"可知,放映员唐的工作要求很高,不仅要操作和维护设备,还要解决放映过程中出现的各种技术问题,而且要在交通条件恶劣的情况下前往偏远村庄放映电影,因此最能描述唐作为放映员的工作的词是"有挑战性的"。故选 C。
3. C 解析:细节理解题。根据文章第三段"As the film industry has transitioned to digital technology ... ensuring the proper setup and adjustment of digital projectors."可知,现代放映员除了具备传统的放映技能外,还需要掌握数字技术的技能,以应对电影行业的数字化转型,所以现代放映员还应该具备数字技术的技能。故选 C。
4. B 解析:文章出处题。这篇文章主要讲述了中国电影放映员的职业变迁,从传统的胶片放映到现代的数字放映,以及放映员需要具备的技能和品质,这些内容更偏向于描述不同职业的工作特点和要求,所以这篇文章可能摘自杂志的"各行各业"一栏。故选 B。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过两代乡下电影放映员讲述了中国电影放映员的职业变迁及其重要性。
1. D 解析:推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知,本段介绍了20 世纪 70 年代和 80 年代中国农村地区的娱乐方式以及电影放映的地点,为后文讲述电影放映员的职业变迁提供了背景信息,所以第一段的作用是提供背景信息。故选 D。
2. C 解析:推理判断题。根据文章第二段"Tang was responsible for the operation and maintenance ... such as film jams or equipment breakdowns ... Tang often spent lots of time getting to remote villages to screen the films"可知,放映员唐的工作要求很高,不仅要操作和维护设备,还要解决放映过程中出现的各种技术问题,而且要在交通条件恶劣的情况下前往偏远村庄放映电影,因此最能描述唐作为放映员的工作的词是"有挑战性的"。故选 C。
3. C 解析:细节理解题。根据文章第三段"As the film industry has transitioned to digital technology ... ensuring the proper setup and adjustment of digital projectors."可知,现代放映员除了具备传统的放映技能外,还需要掌握数字技术的技能,以应对电影行业的数字化转型,所以现代放映员还应该具备数字技术的技能。故选 C。
4. B 解析:文章出处题。这篇文章主要讲述了中国电影放映员的职业变迁,从传统的胶片放映到现代的数字放映,以及放映员需要具备的技能和品质,这些内容更偏向于描述不同职业的工作特点和要求,所以这篇文章可能摘自杂志的"各行各业"一栏。故选 B。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇阅读理解，首先先通读全文，梳理核心主线：文章围绕中国两代农村电影放映员的职业变迁展开，介绍了胶片时代和数字时代放映员不同的工作内容与要求。接下来逐题对应考点思考：
1. 第1题问首段的作用，先回忆阅读理解首段的常见功能，再对应第一段内容：它介绍了上世纪70-80年代中国农村露天放电影的整体社会环境，没有直接进入故事主线，是为后续引出放映员的相关内容做铺垫，对应背景信息的作用。
2. 第2题问描述Tang工作的词汇，回到第二段定位所有和Tang工作相关的描述，从设备运维、故障处理、恶劣交通下跑偏远村落这些细节，就能提炼出工作的核心特点。
3. 第3题问现代放映员的额外特质，直接定位第三段关于数字化转型的相关表述，对比老一代放映员的能力要求，就能找到新增的技能点。
4. 第4题判断文章出处，逐一比对四个选项的覆盖范围，排除只能覆盖部分内容的干扰项，匹配最贴合全文核心的栏目。
【解析】
1. 本题为篇章结构推理判断题：第一段介绍了20世纪70、80年代中国农村的主流娱乐形式、露天放映电影的普遍场景，没有直接展开放映员的故事，是为后文介绍两代电影放映员的职业经历铺垫时代背景，因此它的作用是提供背景信息。其余选项：A场景设定属于小说类作品的具体故事场景铺垫，不符合本段属性；B本段没有奠定全文的情感基调；C本段不属于支撑后文论点的细节内容，均排除。
2. 本题为推理判断题：从第二段内容可知，老一代放映员Tang不仅要负责设备的操作维护、随时处理放映过程中的卡带、设备故障等突发问题，还要在交通条件极其落后的情况下长途跋涉前往偏远村落完成放映任务，工作阻碍多、要求高，因此最能描述他工作特点的词汇是“有挑战性的”。其余选项：A文中没有提及他的创新行为；B虽然他累计放映了大量影片，但这不是本段重点突出的工作特质；D全文没有涉及放映员之间的竞争相关内容，均排除。
3. 本题为细节理解题：根据第三段内容，电影行业已经全面转向数字化，现代放映员需要操作基于电脑的系统，完成数字放映机的调试设置，相比老一代胶片放映员，额外需要掌握的能力就是数字技术相关技能。其余选项：A服务观众的决心、B对细节的关注都是两代放映员共同要求的特质；D适应新环境的能力文中没有提及，均排除。
4. 本题为文章出处判断题：全文围绕电影放映员这个普通职业的代际变迁展开，展现该行业从业者的工作内容与职业特质，属于对不同行业普通从业者的介绍，对应“各行各业（All Walks of Life）”栏目。其余选项：A仅能覆盖文中过去的相关内容，不符合文章同时介绍现代放映员的设定；C侧重新技术带来的生活变化，偏离了介绍普通职业的核心主线；D文中完全没有提及互联网相关内容，均排除。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解推理判断，阅读理解细节定位，文章出处判断
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的记叙类阅读理解，考点覆盖了篇章结构、细节理解、主旨匹配等多个高频阅读考点，既考查学生快速定位原文信息的基础能力，也要求学生准确把握全文核心主旨，甄别以偏概全的干扰选项，同时内容聚焦基层普通从业者的职业变迁，兼具人文性和知识性。
【难度系数】
0.65
拿到这篇阅读理解，首先先通读全文，梳理核心主线：文章围绕中国两代农村电影放映员的职业变迁展开，介绍了胶片时代和数字时代放映员不同的工作内容与要求。接下来逐题对应考点思考：
1. 第1题问首段的作用，先回忆阅读理解首段的常见功能，再对应第一段内容：它介绍了上世纪70-80年代中国农村露天放电影的整体社会环境，没有直接进入故事主线，是为后续引出放映员的相关内容做铺垫，对应背景信息的作用。
2. 第2题问描述Tang工作的词汇，回到第二段定位所有和Tang工作相关的描述，从设备运维、故障处理、恶劣交通下跑偏远村落这些细节，就能提炼出工作的核心特点。
3. 第3题问现代放映员的额外特质，直接定位第三段关于数字化转型的相关表述，对比老一代放映员的能力要求，就能找到新增的技能点。
4. 第4题判断文章出处，逐一比对四个选项的覆盖范围，排除只能覆盖部分内容的干扰项，匹配最贴合全文核心的栏目。
【解析】
1. 本题为篇章结构推理判断题：第一段介绍了20世纪70、80年代中国农村的主流娱乐形式、露天放映电影的普遍场景，没有直接展开放映员的故事，是为后文介绍两代电影放映员的职业经历铺垫时代背景，因此它的作用是提供背景信息。其余选项：A场景设定属于小说类作品的具体故事场景铺垫，不符合本段属性；B本段没有奠定全文的情感基调；C本段不属于支撑后文论点的细节内容，均排除。
2. 本题为推理判断题：从第二段内容可知，老一代放映员Tang不仅要负责设备的操作维护、随时处理放映过程中的卡带、设备故障等突发问题，还要在交通条件极其落后的情况下长途跋涉前往偏远村落完成放映任务，工作阻碍多、要求高，因此最能描述他工作特点的词汇是“有挑战性的”。其余选项：A文中没有提及他的创新行为；B虽然他累计放映了大量影片，但这不是本段重点突出的工作特质；D全文没有涉及放映员之间的竞争相关内容，均排除。
3. 本题为细节理解题：根据第三段内容，电影行业已经全面转向数字化，现代放映员需要操作基于电脑的系统，完成数字放映机的调试设置，相比老一代胶片放映员，额外需要掌握的能力就是数字技术相关技能。其余选项：A服务观众的决心、B对细节的关注都是两代放映员共同要求的特质；D适应新环境的能力文中没有提及，均排除。
4. 本题为文章出处判断题：全文围绕电影放映员这个普通职业的代际变迁展开，展现该行业从业者的工作内容与职业特质，属于对不同行业普通从业者的介绍，对应“各行各业（All Walks of Life）”栏目。其余选项：A仅能覆盖文中过去的相关内容，不符合文章同时介绍现代放映员的设定；C侧重新技术带来的生活变化，偏离了介绍普通职业的核心主线；D文中完全没有提及互联网相关内容，均排除。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解推理判断，阅读理解细节定位，文章出处判断
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的记叙类阅读理解，考点覆盖了篇章结构、细节理解、主旨匹配等多个高频阅读考点，既考查学生快速定位原文信息的基础能力，也要求学生准确把握全文核心主旨，甄别以偏概全的干扰选项，同时内容聚焦基层普通从业者的职业变迁，兼具人文性和知识性。
【难度系数】
0.65
