Ⅲ. 阅读理解(20 分)
A
新考向 实用性文本
[2024 辽宁沈阳期末]
Create Your Own Story Competition
If you love to write, draw and create stories, here's your chance! Come and join in the Create Your Own Story Competition (13th—19th September).

All you have to do is to create your own stories.
●The competition is only open to the students in Grand Middle School.
●Please write a story in at least 300 words.
●Pictures are not necessary but stories with creative pictures will get extra (额外的) points.
Get an entry form (参赛表格) from www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/createyourownstory.
The closing date: 20th September.
The best stories will be posted on www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/beststories. Everyone will have the chance to vote for their favourite stories from 23rd to 25th September.
The names of the winners will also be posted on www. GrandMiddleSchool. org/beststories on 30th September.
Please visit www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/storycompetition for more information.
( )26. 新考法 文本类型 What is the text above?
A. A diary.
B. A notice.
C. A play.
D. A novel.
( )27. The underlined words "vote for" probably have the similar meaning to "_______".
A. compare
B. order
C. check
D. choose
( )28. If you want to take part in the competition, _______.
A. you should own 1 dictionary and 5 books
B. you can write a story of over 300 words
C. you must put some pictures in your story
D. you have to teach in Grand Middle School
( )29. What can you find on www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/createyourownstory?
A. An entry form.
B. More information.
C. The best stories.
D. The names of the winners.
( )30. If you win the competition, you'll be able to find your name on _______.
A. www. GrandMiddleSchool. org/beststories
B. www. GrandSchool. org/storycompetition
C. www. GrandMiddleSchool. org/createyourownstory
D. www. GrandMiddleSchool. org/storycompetition

阅读 A 篇·语篇导读 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了原创故事竞赛的相关事宜。
快速对答案 26—30 B D B A A
26. B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了原创故事竞赛的相关事宜，是一个通知。
27. D 词义猜测题。根据“Everyone will have the chance to vote for their favourite stories from 23rd to 25th September.”可知，9 月 23 日至 25 日，每个人都有机会投票选出自已最喜欢的故事，所以 vote for 与 choose(选择)意思相近。
28. B 细节理解题。根据“Please write a story in at least 300 words.”可知，B 选项表述正确。
29. A 细节理解题。根据“Get an entry form from www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/createyourownstory."可知，应选 A 项。
30. A 细节理解题。根据“The names of the winners will also be posted on www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/beststories on 30th September.”可知，应选 A 项。

【分析】
拿到这道应用文阅读题，我们可以按照先扫读全文明确文本主题，再逐题对应原文找依据的思路解题：
1. 先通读全文，发现文章是介绍学校原创故事比赛的参与规则、时间节点、奖项设置的公开告知内容，先对文本整体属性有初步判断。
2. 处理第26题：结合不同文体的特征，排除不符合的选项，确定文本类型。
3. 处理第27题：结合划线短语所在的语境，也就是大家为自己最喜欢的故事做投票相关的动作，对比四个选项的词义，选出含义最贴近的。
4. 处理28-30三道细节题：带着每个选项的描述回到原文精准定位对应的语句，逐一核对选项表述和原文是否一致，排除错误选项得到正确答案。
【解析】
26. 推理判断题：通读全文可知，文章面向全校学生介绍原创故事竞赛的参与要求、时间安排、奖项等相关信息，符合通知的文体特征。A日记是个人日常记录，C戏剧是表演用的剧本文本，D小说是虚构叙事作品，均不符合，因此选B。
27. 词义猜测题：划线短语所在句含义为“9月23日到25日所有人都有机会______自己最喜欢的故事”，结合投票选喜爱作品的语境，vote for是投票选出的含义，和D选项choose（选择）含义相近；A compare意为比较，B order意为命令/点餐，C check意为检查，均不符合语境，因此选D。
28. 细节理解题：根据原文"Please write a story in at least 300 words."可知参赛故事要求不少于300词，写超过300词的故事符合要求，B表述正确；A选项的词典和书籍是获奖奖品，不是参赛需要拥有的物品；原文明确说明图片不是必须的，C错误；比赛仅面向Grand Middle School的学生开放，D错误，因此选B。
29. 细节理解题：根据原文"Get an entry form from www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/createyourownstory."可知，在该网址可以获取参赛表格，对应A选项，因此选A。
30. 细节理解题：根据原文"The names of the winners will also be posted on www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/beststories on 30th September."可知，获胜者的名字会公布在该网站，对应A选项，因此选A。
【答案】
26-30: B D B A A
【知识点】
应用文阅读理解，细节信息定位，词义猜测
【点评】
本题属于校园活动类实用文体阅读，整体考点设置基础，绝大多数题目都可以通过回原文定位直接得到答案，仅少量题目需要结合语境做简单推理，适合刚接触应用文阅读的学生练习，能够有效锻炼学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，提醒学生做这类通知类阅读时，可以优先标注时间、网址、特殊要求等关键信息，提升做题效率。
【难度系数】
0.7

B
[2024 山东东营期末]
Cao Chong Weighed an Elephant
A long time ago, there were no elephants in the State of Wei. One day, the king got an elephant as a gift from the State of Wu. People were very happy to see this big animal.
Everyone was excited about it and had a question—how much did it weigh? But there was a problem: How to weigh it? At that time, no scales (秤) could weigh such a large animal. The king had a young son named Cao Chong. He said, "Father, I know how to weigh it." Firstly, nobody believed the boy. But after he told them his idea, they all thought it was a good one.
"Here's what you should do. Follow me," the boy said to the ministers (大臣). "Let the elephant stand in a big boat on the water. Draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level (水平面). Then let the elephant get off the boat. Collect a lot of big stones. Put the stones in the boat until the boat falls to the same water level. Then take the stones out of the boat and weigh them one by one. In this way, we can know the weight of the stones. Finally, we can know how much the elephant weighs."
"Wonderful! Wonderful!" shouted the people. Soon everyone in the country knew that the king had a clever son.
()31. Who got an elephant as a gift?
A. Cao Chong.
B. The ministers.
C. The king of the State of Wei.
D. Everyone in the State of Wei.
()32. Why couldn't they weigh the elephant at first?
A. Because there were no suitable scales.
B. Because people were not strong enough.
C. Because people were afraid of the elephant.
D. Because the ministers didn't follow Cao Chong.
()33. What does the underlined word "it" refer to in Paragraph 2?
A. The king.
B. The elephant.
C. Cao Chong's idea.
D. The ministers' question.
()34. 新考法 顺序排列 Which is the correct order of weighing the elephant?
①Take the stones out of the boat and weigh the stones.
②Make the elephant stand in a boat.
③Put some stones in the boat until the boat falls to the line.
④Draw a line and let the elephant get off the boat.
A. ②④①③
B. ②③①④
C. ③④①②
D. ②④③①
()35. What did the people think of Cao Chong?
A. Clever.
B. Strict.
C. Excited.
D. Popular.

阅读 B 篇·语篇导读 本文讲述了“曹冲称象”的故事。
快速对答案 31—35 C A C D A
31. C 细节理解题。根据 there were no elephants in the State of Wei 及“One day, the king got an elephant as a gift from the State of Wu.”可知，应选 C 项。
32. A 细节理解题。根据“At that time, no scales could weigh such a large animal.”可知，没有合适的秤，所以不能称象。
33. C 词义猜测题。根据“But after he told them his idea, they all thought it was a good one.”可知，it 指代前半句中的 his idea。
34. D 细节理解题。根据“Let the elephant stand in a big boat on the water... Then take the stones out of the boat and weigh them one by one.”可知，应选 D 项。
35. A 细节理解题。根据“Soon everyone in the country knew that the king had a clever son.”可知，人们认为曹冲很聪明。

【分析】
这是一篇故事类记叙文阅读理解，所有题目均以细节考查为主，解题思路非常清晰：第一步先浏览所有题干，标记每道题的核心定位关键词；第二步带着问题通读全文，将每道题对应到原文的指定段落和语句，逐一比对选项和原文内容，排除不符合原文描述的错误选项即可得出答案。遇到指代题时重点看划线词前后的逻辑关联内容，遇到排序题时顺着故事描述的事件先后顺序逐一匹配序号，就能快速梳理出正确顺序。
【解析】
31. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段内容“A long time ago, there were no elephants in the State of Wei. One day, the king got an elephant as a gift from the State of Wu.”可知，收到吴国赠送大象礼物的是魏国的君主，排除A曹冲、B大臣、D魏国所有人三个不符合原文的选项，选C。
32. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段内容“At that time, no scales (秤) could weigh such a large animal.”可知，一开始没法称象的原因是没有能称量这么大动物的合适秤，B人们不够强壮、C人们害怕大象、D大臣不遵从曹冲的安排都不是原文提到的原因，选A。
33. 词义猜测题：划线词it所在句为“But after he told them his idea, they all thought it was a good one.”，逻辑上曹冲向众人讲述了自己的方案后，大家都认为这个方案很不错，因此it指代的就是曹冲的主意，排除A国王、B大象、D大臣的问题三个不符合指代逻辑的选项，选C。
34. 细节排序题：根据曹冲描述的称象步骤：第一步让大象站到船上对应②，第二步在船身水位处画线再让大象下船对应④，第三步往船上装石头直到船下沉到之前画的水位线对应③，第四步把石头拿出来逐一称重对应①，最终顺序为②④③①，选D。
35. 细节理解题：根据原文最后一句“Soon everyone in the country knew that the king had a clever son.”可知，这里的国王的儿子就是曹冲，大家都认为曹冲非常聪明，排除B严格的、C兴奋的、D受欢迎的三个不符合原文描述的选项，选A。
【答案】
31-35 C A C D A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，代词指代判断，记叙文信息排序
【点评】
本篇选取学生熟悉的曹冲称象传统故事作为阅读素材，整体难度偏低，所有题目都能在原文直接找到对应依据，核心考查学生快速定位文本信息的基础能力，其中排序题需要学生梳理清楚事件的先后逻辑，避免混淆操作步骤的先后顺序，是非常适合巩固细节查找类阅读做题方法的基础习题。
【难度系数】
0.8