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(D)
Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge. Astronauts will have to take everything they
need, including food, air and water. The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many
things. So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars.
Six astronauts on an eight-month trip to Mars will need at least 18,000 kilograms of water
for drinking and washing. They'll also need water to protect themselves from space rays which
can pass right through spaceship walls and harm astronauts' living cells. But a layer of
water placed around the ship can stop the harm.
That's a lot of water. And sending water into space is too expensive. It costs 33,000 to
send one cup of water to Mars. The more you take, the more it costs. We have the technology
to get to Mars, but the problem is that it's too expensive.
But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem. Instead of
building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of objects, why not use the objects as part of the
spaceship?
Imagine a spaceship that blows up like a balloon. Inside, the walls have pockets like a big
honeycomb. These hold lots of plastic bags filled with water, dried food and algae. All
these make hard walls and great radiation protection. And stopping radiation doesn't influence
the food or water itself—it's safe to eat and drink. And what if the same water could be reused again
and again? Flynn and his team call their packed-pocket idea Water Walls.
Making oxygen and taking away CO₂—the waste gas you breathe out—is another problem
in space. "Water Walls will take away CO₂ the same way it's done here on our Earth—with
living plants," Flynn says. Living plants take in CO₂ to make their food, and give off oxygen.
"Plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft, so we use algae," he says.
Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by
human waste and sunlight, eating up CO₂ and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe.
Flynn thinks his onboard recycling system has many advantages. He hopes it will help
make flying to Mars a reality soon.
(
A. Repairing things in a spaceship.
B. Recycling things in a spaceship.
C. Checking things in a spaceship.
D. Putting things into a spaceship.
(
A. Cost is saved.
B. Travelling time is saved.
C. Plastic bags are saved.
D. Food is saved.
(
A. To produce water in the spaceship.
B. To make the whole spaceship stronger.
C. To control the temperature in the spaceship.
D. To prevent space rays during the space trip.
(
A. To prevent water from being polluted.
B. To serve as food for astronauts.
C. To provide oxygen for astronauts.
D. To help other plants grow in a spaceship.
Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge. Astronauts will have to take everything they
need, including food, air and water. The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many
things. So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars.
Six astronauts on an eight-month trip to Mars will need at least 18,000 kilograms of water
for drinking and washing. They'll also need water to protect themselves from space rays which
can pass right through spaceship walls and harm astronauts' living cells. But a layer of
water placed around the ship can stop the harm.
That's a lot of water. And sending water into space is too expensive. It costs 33,000 to
send one cup of water to Mars. The more you take, the more it costs. We have the technology
to get to Mars, but the problem is that it's too expensive.
But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem. Instead of
building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of objects, why not use the objects as part of the
spaceship?
Imagine a spaceship that blows up like a balloon. Inside, the walls have pockets like a big
honeycomb. These hold lots of plastic bags filled with water, dried food and algae. All
these make hard walls and great radiation protection. And stopping radiation doesn't influence
the food or water itself—it's safe to eat and drink. And what if the same water could be reused again
and again? Flynn and his team call their packed-pocket idea Water Walls.
Making oxygen and taking away CO₂—the waste gas you breathe out—is another problem
in space. "Water Walls will take away CO₂ the same way it's done here on our Earth—with
living plants," Flynn says. Living plants take in CO₂ to make their food, and give off oxygen.
"Plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft, so we use algae," he says.
Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by
human waste and sunlight, eating up CO₂ and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe.
Flynn thinks his onboard recycling system has many advantages. He hopes it will help
make flying to Mars a reality soon.
(
D
)10. What does "packing a spaceship" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?A. Repairing things in a spaceship.
B. Recycling things in a spaceship.
C. Checking things in a spaceship.
D. Putting things into a spaceship.
(
A
)11. What is the advantage of Flynn's system?A. Cost is saved.
B. Travelling time is saved.
C. Plastic bags are saved.
D. Food is saved.
(
D
)12. What is one purpose of Flynn's idea of Water Walls?A. To produce water in the spaceship.
B. To make the whole spaceship stronger.
C. To control the temperature in the spaceship.
D. To prevent space rays during the space trip.
(
C
)13. Why are algae put in the bags?A. To prevent water from being polluted.
B. To serve as food for astronauts.
C. To provide oxygen for astronauts.
D. To help other plants grow in a spaceship.
答案
10.D 11.A 12.D 13.C
解析
【分析】
1. 第10题：猜测短语含义需结合上下文语境。第一段提到宇航员要携带所有必需品，而飞船空间有限，由此可推断“packing a spaceship”是指把所需物品装进飞船，对应选项D。
2. 第11题：需从文中提炼Flynn系统的优势。原文指出送物资到太空成本极高，而Flynn的系统将物资作为飞船结构的一部分，还能循环利用资源，核心优势是节省成本，对应选项A。
3. 第12题：关于Water Walls的目的，文中明确提到水层可以阻挡太空射线对宇航员的伤害，而Water Walls的水袋能起到辐射防护作用，所以其目的之一是阻止太空射线，对应选项D。
4. 第13题：文中清晰说明藻类会吸收二氧化碳，产生氧气供宇航员呼吸，所以藻类的作用是提供氧气，对应选项C。
【解析】
10. 根据第一段“Astronauts will have to take everything they need...The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things.”可知，宇航员要携带各类必需品，飞船空间有限，因此“packing a spaceship”意为把物品装进飞船，故选D。
11. 由原文“And sending water into space is too expensive...Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of objects, why not use the objects as part of the spaceship?”及后续循环利用的介绍可知，Flynn的系统能大幅降低运输成本，节省开支，故选A。
12. 文中提到“They'll also need water to protect themselves from space rays...a layer of water placed around the ship can stop the harm.”，而Water Walls的结构包含装水的袋子，可起到防护太空射线的作用，故选D。
13. 根据“Algae are tiny plants that live in water...eating up CO₂ and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe.”可知，藻类的作用是为宇航员提供氧气，故选C。
【答案】
10.D；11.A；12.D；13.C
【知识点】
1. 词义猜测；2. 细节理解；3. 推理判断
【点评】
本文围绕火星旅行的物资难题及创新解决方案展开，题目均考查对文章细节的理解和词义猜测能力。解题时需紧扣原文内容，结合上下文语境分析选项，准确提取关键信息是解题核心。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第10题：猜测短语含义需结合上下文语境。第一段提到宇航员要携带所有必需品，而飞船空间有限，由此可推断“packing a spaceship”是指把所需物品装进飞船，对应选项D。
2. 第11题：需从文中提炼Flynn系统的优势。原文指出送物资到太空成本极高，而Flynn的系统将物资作为飞船结构的一部分，还能循环利用资源，核心优势是节省成本，对应选项A。
3. 第12题：关于Water Walls的目的，文中明确提到水层可以阻挡太空射线对宇航员的伤害，而Water Walls的水袋能起到辐射防护作用，所以其目的之一是阻止太空射线，对应选项D。
4. 第13题：文中清晰说明藻类会吸收二氧化碳，产生氧气供宇航员呼吸，所以藻类的作用是提供氧气，对应选项C。
【解析】
10. 根据第一段“Astronauts will have to take everything they need...The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things.”可知，宇航员要携带各类必需品，飞船空间有限，因此“packing a spaceship”意为把物品装进飞船，故选D。
11. 由原文“And sending water into space is too expensive...Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of objects, why not use the objects as part of the spaceship?”及后续循环利用的介绍可知，Flynn的系统能大幅降低运输成本，节省开支，故选A。
12. 文中提到“They'll also need water to protect themselves from space rays...a layer of water placed around the ship can stop the harm.”，而Water Walls的结构包含装水的袋子，可起到防护太空射线的作用，故选D。
13. 根据“Algae are tiny plants that live in water...eating up CO₂ and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe.”可知，藻类的作用是为宇航员提供氧气，故选C。
【答案】
10.D；11.A；12.D；13.C
【知识点】
1. 词义猜测；2. 细节理解；3. 推理判断
【点评】
本文围绕火星旅行的物资难题及创新解决方案展开，题目均考查对文章细节的理解和词义猜测能力。解题时需紧扣原文内容，结合上下文语境分析选项，准确提取关键信息是解题核心。
【难度系数】
0.6
