2. What invention do you like the most? 你最喜欢哪一项发明?
【感知】The inventor who invented the light bulb is famous for this great invention. 那个发明了灯泡的发明家，因这项伟大的发明而出名。
【思考】

【运用】选词填空：(invent/inventor/invention/invented)
(1) Alexander Bell was a great .
(2) He the telephone in 1876.
(3) The telephone is a very important .
(4) People need to new things to solve problems.
(5) The telephone was invented by Bell. (改为主动语态)
Bell the telephone.

思考:名词;名词
运用:(1) inventor (2) invented
(3) invention (4) invent (5) invented

【分析】首先明确invent相关派生词的词性：invention为名词（指发明物），inventor为名词（指发明家），invented是动词过去式/过去分词，invent是动词原形。解题时需结合句子语境、句子结构判断所需词性和形式：表格中invention和inventor的词性需填写；选词填空时，根据句子成分（如缺谓语、需名词/动词原形）和语境（指人/物）选择对应词汇；语态转换题需掌握被动转主动的谓语形式变化。
【解析】1. 表格词性填空：invention的词性是名词，inventor的词性是名词；2. 选词填空：
(1) 句指“人（发明家）”，故填名词inventor；
(2) 句缺谓语，时间为1876年，用动词过去式，故填invented；
(3) 句指“发明物”，用名词，故填invention；
(4) 句need to后接动词原形，故填invent；
(5) 被动转主动，谓语用过去式，故填invented。
【答案】思考：名词；名词；运用：(1)inventor (2)invented (3)invention (4)invent (5)invented
【知识点】英语派生词用法；动词时态；语态转换
【点评】本题考查invent相关派生词的词性、词义及语境运用，同时涉及基础的动词时态和语态转换，属于初中英语基础题型，需掌握派生词变化规则和语境判断方法。
【难度系数】0.6

3. It wasn't supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start
the machine. 按下按钮启动机器时,它本不应该发出这么大的噪音。
【感知】(1) You are supposed to keep quiet. 你应该保持安静。
(2) We aren't supposed to eat in class. 我们不应该在课堂上吃东西。
【思考】通过观察上面的句子可知, be supposed to do 意为“”, be not supposed to do 意为“”。
【运用】
(1) We (应该) follow the rules.
(2) Students fight with each other at school.
A. are supposed to
B. isn't supposed to
C. aren't supposed to
D. is supposed to
(3) Everyone keep quiet in the reading room.
A. is supposed to
B. are supposed to
C. aren't supposed to
D. isn't supposed to
(4) — I supposed to hand in the report today?
—Yes, you are.
A. Am
B. Is
C. Are
D. Were

思考:应该做某事/被期望做某事;不应该做某事/不被允许做某事
运用:(1) are supposed to (2) C (3) A (4) A

【分析】首先通过感知中的例句总结be supposed to的含义：从“You are supposed to keep quiet”可推出其肯定形式意为“应该做某事/被期望做某事”，从“We aren't supposed to eat in class”可推出其否定形式意为“不应该做某事/不被允许做某事”。运用部分需结合主语的单复数确定be动词形式，再结合句意选择正确答案或填写短语。
【解析】
1. 思考部分：观察例句，be supposed to在肯定句中表“应该做某事/被期望做某事”，否定式be not supposed to表“不应该做某事/不被允许做某事”。
2. 运用(1)：主语We是复数，be动词用are，故填are supposed to。
3. 运用(2)：主语Students是复数，句意表否定“不能打架”，be动词用are，否定式为aren't supposed to，故选C。
4. 运用(3)：主语Everyone是单数不定代词，谓语用单数，句意表肯定“应该保持安静”，be动词用is，故选A。
5. 运用(4)：问句主语是I，be动词用Am，故选A。
【答案】
思考:应该做某事/被期望做某事;不应该做某事/不被允许做某事
运用:(1)are supposed to (2)C (3)A (4)A
【知识点】
be supposed to用法；主谓一致；动词短语
【点评】
本题围绕be supposed to的基础用法展开，涵盖含义、否定形式及主谓一致的应用，属于初中英语核心基础考点，需准确掌握不同主语对应的be动词形式。
【难度系数】
0.7

4. Finally, the object is produced by building up plastic. 最后，物体通过堆叠塑料被制造出来。
【感知】（1）Many goods are produced by hand. 许多商品是手工生产的。
（2）The production of cars is fast. 汽车的生产速度很快。
（3）This product is very good. 这款产品很不错。
（4）They sell farm products. 他们售卖农产品。
【思考】通过观察上面的句子可知，produce词性为，意为“”；product词性为，含义是“产品，成品，产物”，核心是“看得见、摸得着的实物”。
【运用】用produce、product、production的正确形式填空。
（1）This factory toys every day.
（2）This kind of new sells very well.
（3）The of phones is growing quickly.
（4）Farmers fresh fruit in this area.
（5）The company improved its last year.
（6）These are all made by hand.

思考:动词;生产,制造;名词
运用:(1) produces (2) product (3) production
(4) produce (5) production (6) products

【分析】首先明确三个易混词的词性与含义：produce可作动词，意为“生产、制造”；product是名词，意为“产品、成品”；production是名词，意为“生产、产量”。解题时需结合句子的主语、时态、成分（如谓语需动词，定语/宾语需名词，单复数匹配）来选择正确的词形。
【解析】思考部分：观察例句可知，produce在句中作谓语，词性为动词，意为“生产、制造”；product在句中作主语或宾语，词性为名词。运用部分：（1）主语this factory是第三人称单数，一般现在时，谓语动词用produce的第三人称单数形式produces；（2）此处指“新产品”，需用名词product的单数形式；（3）the+名词+of结构，此处表示“手机的生产”，用名词production；（4）主语farmers是复数，一般现在时，谓语动词用produce原形；（5）its后接名词，此处表示“公司的生产（环节）”，用名词production；（6）these后接名词复数，指“这些产品”，用product的复数形式products。
【答案】思考:动词;生产,制造;名词
运用:(1) produces (2) product (3) production (4) produce (5) production (6) products
【知识点】英语词汇辨析；词性转换
【点评】本题围绕produce、product、production三个易混词展开，考查词性区分与语境运用，是初中英语词汇的基础考点，需准确把握各词的用法差异。
【难度系数】0.3