四、语法填空
阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is known to all that Mars is a mysterious planet. The Zhurong rover 1 (land) successfully on Mars in 2021, completing its main mission. It works quietly on the red planet and sends valuable data back to Earth. Scientists use modern 2 (telescope) to observe distant stars and planets. They study the environment of Mars 3 (careful) and try to find possible signs of water. Mars is quite different 4 Earth in many ways. And it is much 5 (cold) on average. It is reported that 6 new probe will be sent to Mars in the coming years. The project will lay a solid foundation for future manned space tasks. A large amount of data 7 (collect) by scientific tools every year for further research.
With the rapid 8 (develop) of space technology, our country will go further into the universe. Many teenagers show great interest in space exploration and dream of being astronauts. They hold on to their dreams and never give 9 easily. We believe more amazing space achievements 10 (realize) one day.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

1. landed
2. telescopes
3. carefully
4. from
5. colder
6. a
7. is collected
8. development
9. up
10. will be realized

【分析】
做语法填空时，需结合句子语境、时间状语、固定搭配、词性变化等知识点分析每个空的用法：1. 由时间状语in 2021判断用一般过去时；2. telescope为可数名词，表泛指用复数；3. 修饰动词study需用副词；4. 考查固定搭配be different from；5. much修饰形容词比较级；6. 表泛指“一个”用不定冠词，注意new的发音；7. 主语data与collect是被动关系，结合every year用一般现在时被动；8. rapid后接名词，需转换develop为名词；9. 考查固定短语give up；10. 主语achievements与realize是被动关系，结合one day用一般将来时被动。
【解析】
1. 根据时间状语in 2021，句子时态为一般过去时，动词land的过去式为landed，故填landed。
2. telescope是可数名词，此处表泛指“望远镜”这类事物，需用复数形式telescopes，故填telescopes。
3. 此处修饰动词study，需用副词形式，careful的副词是carefully，故填carefully。
4. 考查固定搭配be different from，意为“与……不同”，故填介词from。
5. much用于修饰形容词比较级，cold的比较级为colder，故填colder。
6. 此处表泛指“一个新探测器”，new以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
7. 主语data与动词collect是被动关系，时间状语every year提示用一般现在时，data为不可数名词，被动结构为is collected，故填is collected。
8. rapid是形容词，后需接名词，develop的名词形式为development，故填development。
9. 考查固定短语give up，意为“放弃”，故填up。
10. 主语achievements与动词realize是被动关系，时间状语one day表将来，故用一般将来时的被动语态will be realized，故填will be realized。
【答案】
1. landed
2. telescopes
3. carefully
4. from
5. colder
6. a
7. is collected
8. development
9. up
10. will be realized
【知识点】
动词时态、固定搭配、被动语态
【点评】
本题为语法填空题型，聚焦基础语法知识，涵盖动词时态、词性转换、固定搭配、被动语态等考点，要求学生能结合语境准确运用词形变化和语法规则，整体难度适中，适合考查学生的基础语法掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、阅读表达
阅读短文，根据要求完成文后的题目。
Beyond Earth, the moon is an attractive place that many people are interested in. It has been a long-cherished dream for humans to explore the moon and uncover its secrets. In 2020, China's Chang'e-5 probe completed China's first lunar sample collection and re-turn mission, bringing back precious lunar soil samples. In 2024, Chang'e-6 made a great success—it completed the world's first sample collection and return mission from the far side of the moon. In 2026, our coun-try is making steady preparations and plans to launch the Chang'e-7 probe to explore the south pole of the moon and look for water or ice there. These great achievements and plans are not accidents, but the results of Chinese scientists' hard work, careful prep-aration and unremitting efforts.
Both Chang'e-5 and Chang'e-6 brought back much useful data and lunar soil sam-ples for scientists. These precious samples are very important as they help us know more about the moon's origin, its changes over time and its geological characteristics. The samples from Chang'e-6 (the far side of the moon) are unique and have provided new clues for moon research, while the samples from Chang'e-5 laid a solid foundation for China's lunar exploration.
Chinese scientists keep working hard on space exploration. No matter how difficult the task is, they never give up. They spend a lot of time doing research, solving various problems and trying their best to study the moon, aiming to find out more secrets about it and promote the development of space science.
Exploring space is not an easy job, but it is of great significance. It can help us learn more about the vast universe and make more scientific progress. What's more, it also encourages teenagers to love science, keep curious and pursue their dreams brave-ly. It tells us that as long as we work hard, keep trying and never give up, we can achieve our goals and make our own contri-butions to space exploration.
1. What does China plan to do with Chang'e-7 in 2026?

2. Why are the lunar samples from Chang'e-5 and Chang'e-6 important for scientists?

3. What can we learn from Chinese scientists' spirit of exploring space? How can we apply this spirit to our study?

4. What is the main topic of this passage? (no more than 4 words)

5. Do you want to work in the space field in the future? Why or why not?

1. China plans to launch Chang'e-7 to explore the south pole of the moon and look for water or ice there.
2. Because they help scientists know more about the moon's origin, its changes over time and its geological characteristics.
3. 言之有理即可。We can learn the spirit of hard work, perseverance and never giving up. We can apply this spirit to our study by facing difficulties bravely and keeping trying until we solve them.
4. China's Lunar Exploration
5. 言之有理即可。Yes, I do. Because I am very interested in space and I want to work hard to help China make more achievements in space exploration in the future.

【分析】做此类英语阅读表达题，需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个问题的关键词回原文定位，提取对应信息；细节题直接找原文原句整理，主旨题需提炼核心内容，开放表达题结合自身实际作答，注意答案的准确性和符合要求（如第4题需控制在4词内）。
【解析】1. 问题关键词为Chang'e-7、2026，定位原文第一段“In 2026, our country is making steady preparations and plans to launch the Chang'e-7 probe to explore the south pole of the moon and look for water or ice there.”，整理得到对应答案；2. 问题询问样本重要性，定位第二段“They help us know more about the moon's origin, its changes over time and its geological characteristics.”，直接提取核心内容；3. 从第三、四段可提炼科学家的精神为努力、坚持、不放弃，应用到学习可表述为面对困难不放弃、勇于尝试；4. 全文围绕中国探月工程展开，提炼核心内容；5. 开放题结合自身兴趣和目标作答，符合逻辑即可。
【答案】1. China plans to launch Chang'e-7 to explore the south pole of the moon and look for water or ice there.
2. Because they help scientists know more about the moon's origin, its changes over time and its geological characteristics.
3. We can learn the spirit of hard work, perseverance and never giving up. We can apply this spirit to our study by facing difficulties bravely and keeping trying until we solve them.
4. China's Lunar Exploration
5. Yes, I do. Because I am very interested in space and I want to work hard to help China make more achievements in space exploration in the future.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】本题是关于中国探月工程的英语阅读表达题，涵盖细节查找、主旨归纳和开放表达三类题型，既考查学生提取原文信息的能力，又鼓励学生结合自身思考作答，符合英语学科核心素养要求。
【难度系数】0.5