Ⅰ.阅读理解
文化知识儒家思想「2026辽宁沈阳七中开学测试」
Confucianism(儒家思想) has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years.
To help people understand how to behave towards others, Confucianism teaches the Five Constants(五常). They are ren, yi, li, zhi and xin. They are general virtues(美德) around the world. Now I'd like to talk about ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others. Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.” It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule(treat others as you wish to be treated).
While the meaning of ren is easy to understand, li is a little harder to express. It can be thought of as duty or even respect. Generally, li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors(祖先). While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings, li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us.
Perhaps the most well-known Confucian virtue is xiao. This is the duty children have to their parents. Xiao means loving, respecting, obeying and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. In Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious(和谐的) society. Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.
1. Which two of the Five Constants are talked about?
A.Ren and xiao. B.Ren and li.
C.Xiao and xin. D.Yi and zhi.
2. 特色考法创新性设问 What is the best Chinese sentence for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A.博学于文,约之以礼。
B.学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。
C.己所不欲,勿施于人。
D.君子和而不同,小人同而不和。
3. Which of the following is an example of li?
A.Building a peaceful society.
B.Taking care of one’s children.
C.Obeying rules for drinking tea.
D.Learning all through one’s life.
4. What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism?
A.Its general virtues.
B.Its long history.
C.Its new challenges.
D.Its golden rules.

Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了儒家思想中的传统美德。
1.B 细节理解题。根据“…Confucianism teaches the Five Constants. They are ren, yi, li, zhi and xin…Now I’d like to talk about ren and li.”可知，谈论了五常中的仁和礼。故选B。
2.C 创新性设问。根据“It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated).”可知，画线句子和“按照你希望被对待的方式对待他人”意义相近，即“己所不欲，勿施于人”。故选C。
3.C 细节理解题。根据“discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea”可知，“礼”包括正确的喝茶方式。故选C。
4.A 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了儒家思想中的传统美德。故选A。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，围绕儒家思想展开，共4道题，涵盖细节理解、词句理解、主旨大意类题型。解题思路为：1. 第1题需定位原文中提到的五常里的两个内容；2. 第2题结合画线句的解释及西方黄金规则对应中文句子；3. 第3题定位原文中关于“礼”的例子；4. 第4题概括文章核心内容，需回到原文整体梳理。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段“Now I’d like to talk about ren and li.”可知，文章谈论了五常中的仁（ren）和礼（li），对应选项B。
2. 第2题：原文指出画线句与西方黄金规则“treat others as you wish to be treated”意义相近，即“己所不欲，勿施于人”，对应选项C。
3. 第3题：根据原文“discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea”可知，喝茶的正确方式是“礼”的例子，对应选项C。
4. 第4题：文章主要介绍儒家思想中的传统美德，对应选项A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A
【知识点】
阅读理解、文化知识、细节理解
【点评】
本题结合儒家文化常识考查英语阅读理解能力，题型以基础的细节理解和主旨大意为主，题目设置贴近原文，难度适中，能有效考查学生的信息定位和概括能力。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅱ.阅读填空
情境素材 费曼学习法 「2026广东广州从化期中」
阅读短文及文后A—E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。
The Feynman Technique is a fantastic way to learn and understand new things. It's named after a great scientist called Richard Feynman, who has a special talent for explaining ideas that are difficult to understand in a simple and fun way. This technique can help you become a super learner.
What topic are you curious about? Take out a piece of paper. Write out everything you know about the subject you want to study further. As you learn more about the topic, add it to the paper. 5
Can you explain your chosen concept to a 12-year-old kid? 6 Imagine that you are going to teach the topic to a young kid: explain the topic with clear and easy words, like you're giving a report or telling a story. Teaching helps you understand things better!
If you meet something difficult, don't worry! 7 Learning is all about exploring and asking questions. Keep practising and teaching the topic to yourself or others.
Write down your easy explanation. The act of writing helps reflection (深思) and learning. 8 Reflection is about how we learn, what we know and what we need to learn.
9 By teaching and explaining things in your own words, you can become a true expert! So keep exploring, stay curious, and have fun learning with the Feynman Technique!
A. Go back to your books or ask a teacher or grown-up for help.
B. In fact, reflection is the most important part of the learning process.
C. The Feynman Technique is all about breaking down big ideas into smaller and manageable pieces.
D. Anyone can make a subject difficult, but only someone who understands it can make it simple.
E. If you use a different colour pen when you learn new things, you can literally (真正地) watch your knowledge grow.
5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了费曼学习法。
5.E 根据前文可知，此处告诉我们，找到一个感兴趣的主题，在纸上写下已知内容并随着学习补充，选项E“如果你在学习新事物时用一支不同颜色的笔，你真的可以看到你的知识增长”符合语境。故选E。
6.D 根据上下文可知，本段强调用简单易懂的语言讲解一个概念，选项D“任何人都可以把一个主题变得困难，但只有理解它的人才能把它变得简单”符合语境。故选D。
7.A 根据“If you meet something difficult, don’t worry!”和“Learning is all about exploring and asking questions.”可知，此处强调遇到困难时要探索和问问题，选项A“回到你的书本或向老师或成年人寻求帮助”符合语境。故选A。
8.B 根据“The act of writing helps reflection and learning.”可知，前文提到reflection，选项B“事实上，深思是学习过程中最重要的部分”符合语境。故选B。
9.C 此处应对全文进行总结，选项C“费曼学习法就是把大的想法分解成小的、易处理的部分”总结了费曼学习法的特点，符合语境。故选C。

【分析】
本题为说明文阅读填空题，解题思路为：1. 通读全文把握主旨，明确文章围绕费曼学习法展开，介绍其步骤与核心特点；2. 逐题分析空白处前后的语境，寻找语义衔接、话题呼应的逻辑点；3. 匹配选项，确保所选内容符合上下文的逻辑关联与表达需求。
【解析】
5. 前文提到“拿出纸写下已知内容，学习后补充”，选项E“用不同颜色笔能看到知识增长”与补充知识的动作呼应，符合语境，故选E；
6. 本段核心是用简单语言讲解概念，选项D“只有理解的人才能把复杂内容变简单”契合“解释给12岁孩子”的要求，故选D；
7. 前文说遇到困难别担心，后文强调学习要探索提问，选项A“向书本或他人求助”是遇到困难的合理解决方式，故选A；
8. 前文提到“写作有助于深思（reflection）”，选项B直接点出深思是学习的重要部分，呼应前文的reflection，故选B；
9. 此处为全文总结，选项C“费曼学习法是把大想法分解成小部分”总结了其核心特点，故选C。
【答案】5.E 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.C
【知识点】英语阅读填空、语篇理解
【点评】本题围绕费曼学习法展开，考查学生对说明文语境逻辑的理解与衔接能力，需把握各段落核心内容，结合前后文语义关联选答案，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6