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二、阅读理解
It was November 1741, and the Russian science ship St. Peter was lost at sea between Siberia and Alaska. Hit by storms, the St. Peter moved where it could. All the sailors(水手) were too ill to control it.
Then on November 4, the men found the land! At first, they hoped that they'd come back to Kamchatka, from which they'd set out about five months earlier. Instead, as they got close to the beach, they found themselves on an island without trees or humans. And it was the beginning of a dangerous fight. Whether the men could live depended on an animal unknown to science.
All around the island, moving in and out with water, were large black animals. The ship's naturalist, Georg Wilhelm Steller, had read about manatees, or “sea cows”, that lived south in the tropics(热带地区). The sea cows here, however, were much larger. Reaching up to 23 feet long and weighing about 24,000 pounds, they were the size of small whales.
The sea cows lived in groups, the adults creating protective circles around the young. They used their two short flippers(鳍肢) to move along the rocks under water. Seagulls stayed and ate something on their backs. Steller reported that every few minutes the sea cows lifted their heads from the water to breathe.
The researchers are thought to be the first Europeans to see the coast of Alaska. They lived for months on almost nothing but hard biscuits and water. On the island, the weakened men ate only what they could find, such as dead fish washed onto the beach. Many men died because of being short of food. Later, winter was coming. They had to watch the sea cows from afar.
—Excerpted from Muse
1. When might the Russian science ship set out from Kamchatka?
A. In June 1741.
B. In August 1742.
C. In February 1741.
D. In September 1741.
2. What is the main idea of Paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. Killing sea cows.
B. Living a poor life.
C. Introducing sea cows.
D. Reaching the island.
3. Which is the correct order of the following events?
①The ship was hit by storms.
②The sailors found an island.
③The sailors lived on dead fish.
④The sailors watched the sea cows from afar.
⑤The Russian ship left Kamchatka.
A. ②③①④⑤
B. ⑤①②③④
C. ①②④⑤③
D. ③④①②⑤
It was November 1741, and the Russian science ship St. Peter was lost at sea between Siberia and Alaska. Hit by storms, the St. Peter moved where it could. All the sailors(水手) were too ill to control it.
Then on November 4, the men found the land! At first, they hoped that they'd come back to Kamchatka, from which they'd set out about five months earlier. Instead, as they got close to the beach, they found themselves on an island without trees or humans. And it was the beginning of a dangerous fight. Whether the men could live depended on an animal unknown to science.
All around the island, moving in and out with water, were large black animals. The ship's naturalist, Georg Wilhelm Steller, had read about manatees, or “sea cows”, that lived south in the tropics(热带地区). The sea cows here, however, were much larger. Reaching up to 23 feet long and weighing about 24,000 pounds, they were the size of small whales.
The sea cows lived in groups, the adults creating protective circles around the young. They used their two short flippers(鳍肢) to move along the rocks under water. Seagulls stayed and ate something on their backs. Steller reported that every few minutes the sea cows lifted their heads from the water to breathe.
The researchers are thought to be the first Europeans to see the coast of Alaska. They lived for months on almost nothing but hard biscuits and water. On the island, the weakened men ate only what they could find, such as dead fish washed onto the beach. Many men died because of being short of food. Later, winter was coming. They had to watch the sea cows from afar.
—Excerpted from Muse
1. When might the Russian science ship set out from Kamchatka?
A. In June 1741.
B. In August 1742.
C. In February 1741.
D. In September 1741.
2. What is the main idea of Paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. Killing sea cows.
B. Living a poor life.
C. Introducing sea cows.
D. Reaching the island.
3. Which is the correct order of the following events?
①The ship was hit by storms.
②The sailors found an island.
③The sailors lived on dead fish.
④The sailors watched the sea cows from afar.
⑤The Russian ship left Kamchatka.
A. ②③①④⑤
B. ⑤①②③④
C. ①②④⑤③
D. ③④①②⑤
答案
1.A 2.C 3.B
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题：需定位原文关于出发时间的信息，原文提到1741年11月发现陆地，且从Kamchatka出发约5个月，通过时间推算得出出发时间。
2. 第2题：分析第3、4段的内容，两段均围绕“sea cows”的特征、习性展开，归纳段落主旨。
3. 第3题：梳理原文事件的先后顺序，按时间线排列给出的5个事件，匹配对应选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段“it was November 1741... they'd set out about five months earlier”，1741年11月往前推5个月为1741年6月，对应选项A，故选A。
2. 第2题：第3段介绍海牛的体型特征，第4段介绍海牛的生活习性，两段均为对海牛的介绍，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 第3题：按原文时间顺序，事件依次为：⑤俄罗斯船离开Kamchatka→①船被风暴袭击→②水手发现岛屿→③水手靠死鱼生存→④水手远看海牛，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，涵盖细节查找、段落主旨归纳、事件顺序梳理三类基础题型，要求学生精准定位原文信息，理清文章逻辑关系，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题：需定位原文关于出发时间的信息，原文提到1741年11月发现陆地，且从Kamchatka出发约5个月，通过时间推算得出出发时间。
2. 第2题：分析第3、4段的内容，两段均围绕“sea cows”的特征、习性展开，归纳段落主旨。
3. 第3题：梳理原文事件的先后顺序，按时间线排列给出的5个事件，匹配对应选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段“it was November 1741... they'd set out about five months earlier”，1741年11月往前推5个月为1741年6月，对应选项A，故选A。
2. 第2题：第3段介绍海牛的体型特征，第4段介绍海牛的生活习性，两段均为对海牛的介绍，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 第3题：按原文时间顺序，事件依次为：⑤俄罗斯船离开Kamchatka→①船被风暴袭击→②水手发现岛屿→③水手靠死鱼生存→④水手远看海牛，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，涵盖细节查找、段落主旨归纳、事件顺序梳理三类基础题型，要求学生精准定位原文信息，理清文章逻辑关系，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
