Ⅳ. 根据上下文意思，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其最高级形式补全短文。
cold, careful, fast, interesting

Penguins live in some of the most extreme environments on earth, including the 1. continent, Antarctica. These birds are well known for their black and white coats, which help them blend into their surroundings（融入周围的环境）.
Penguins are also excellent swimmers. In fact, they are one of the 2. swimmers in the ocean. One of the 3. things about penguins is their social behaviour. They live in large groups, which helps them stay warm and protect themselves. Penguins are also great parents. They are among the 4. parents in the animal world.
Unfortunately, penguins are facing many challenges. The biggest challenges are climate change and pollution. However, there are many people working to save these amazing birds.

Ⅳ. 1. coldest 2. fastest 3. most interesting
4. most careful

【分析】首先通读短文，理解每个空格所在句子的语境，明确需使用形容词最高级形式（句中多出现“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”结构，表“最……之一”）。再结合方框内的单词，根据语境选择对应单词，按规则转换为最高级：单音节形容词（cold、fast）最高级直接加-est；多音节形容词（interesting、careful）最高级前加most。
【解析】1. 第一空描述南极洲是地球上最寒冷的大陆，选形容词cold，其最高级为coldest；2. 第二空表示企鹅是海洋里最快的游泳者之一，选形容词fast，最高级为fastest；3. 第三空指关于企鹅最有趣的事情，选形容词interesting，多音节词最高级加most，即most interesting；4. 第四空说明企鹅是动物世界里最细心的父母，选形容词careful，多音节词最高级加most，即most careful。
【答案】1. coldest 2. fastest 3. most interesting 4. most careful
【知识点】形容词最高级、词汇运用、语境填空
【点评】本题考查形容词最高级的用法，需结合语境判断所需形容词，再根据音节类型转换为正确的最高级形式，是基础题型，注重词汇的语境应用。
【难度系数】0.6

Ⅴ. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
The Chinese fan is more like an artwork than a tool for cooling. Here are some common kinds of Chinese fans.
There is a silk fan. People call it the “round silk fan”. This kind of fan is often made of silk and decorated with paintings of beautiful women, flowers or birds. It is one of the earliest kinds of Chinese fans and was popular among women of all ages.
The feather fan is a well-known type of Chinese fan too. It is made of the feathers of birds, such as peacocks, eagles and geese. The fan handle is usually wooden.
A folding fan is often made of paper. The fan handles and fan ribs（扇骨）are usually made of bamboo or wood. The material of the handles and the ribs is very important. It determines the value of the fan. There are always beautiful paintings or calligraphy（书法）on the fan.
In ancient China, people thought fans could make their life colourful. And they thought of fans as a symbol of elegance（优雅）and knowledge. Ladies would use fans to show their elegance, while the literati（文人）would show their deep thoughts.
1. How many kinds of fans does the writer tell us? （）
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
2. On a silk fan, people can find . （）
A. flowers B. tigers C. buildings D. trees
3. If you want to make a folding fan, you need . （）
A. silk and wood B. wood and feathers C. wood and bamboo D. bamboo and paper
4. Chinese women used fans because . （）
A. fans could make them beautiful B. fans showed they had knowledge C. fans could show their elegance D. their clothes were colourful

Ⅴ. 1－4 BADC

【分析】本题为中国扇子主题的阅读理解细节题，解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个小题的问题，回到原文对应段落定位关键信息，将选项与原文信息逐一比对，选出最佳答案。
【解析】1. 第1题：原文依次介绍了丝绸扇、羽毛扇、折扇共3种扇子，对应选项B；2. 第2题：原文提到丝绸扇装饰有美女、花或鸟的图案，选项A（花）符合，选A；3. 第3题：原文说明折扇常用纸制作，扇柄和扇骨常用竹或木头制作，选项D（竹和纸）符合，选D；4. 第4题：原文指出女性用扇子展现优雅，选项C符合，选C。
【答案】BADC
【知识点】阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】本题聚焦原文细节信息，考查学生快速定位关键内容的能力，题型基础，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8