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六、[2025 淮北市濉溪县期中]跨学科 历史 阅读理解。
In ancient(古代的) China, people's names were interesting. A person usually had three names: a family name, a given name, and a courtesy name. Take the famous poet Li Bai as an example. His family name was Li, his given name was Bai, and his courtesy name was Taibai.
How did ancient Chinese use these names?
Usually, people used their given names when they were with their family or friends. Elders（长辈）, such as parents or grandparents, called their children by their given names at home. However, in formal situations（正式的场合）, people called each other by their courtesy names. Men usually got their courtesy names at the age of 20, while women got theirs at 15 or when they got married（结婚）.
Interestingly, a person's courtesy name often had something to do with his or her given name. For example, Zhuge Liang's given name was Liang. It means "bright(明亮的)". Later, he got his courtesy name "Kongming". It means "very bright".
1.（创新考法·组合选择）What are the three names of people in ancient China?
① A family name. ② A middle name.
③ A given name. ④ A courtesy name.
A. ①②③ B. ①②④
C. ①③④ D. ②③④
2. What does the underlined word "It" refer to?
A. The family name "Zhuge".
B. The given name "Liang".
C. The courtesy name "Kongming".
D. The history of ancient China.
3. What can we infer(推测) from the text?
A. Parents called kids by their family name at home.
B. People usually used courtesy names at work.
C. Women got their courtesy names at 20.
D. Courtesy names had nothing to do with given names.
In ancient(古代的) China, people's names were interesting. A person usually had three names: a family name, a given name, and a courtesy name. Take the famous poet Li Bai as an example. His family name was Li, his given name was Bai, and his courtesy name was Taibai.
How did ancient Chinese use these names?
Usually, people used their given names when they were with their family or friends. Elders（长辈）, such as parents or grandparents, called their children by their given names at home. However, in formal situations（正式的场合）, people called each other by their courtesy names. Men usually got their courtesy names at the age of 20, while women got theirs at 15 or when they got married（结婚）.
Interestingly, a person's courtesy name often had something to do with his or her given name. For example, Zhuge Liang's given name was Liang. It means "bright(明亮的)". Later, he got his courtesy name "Kongming". It means "very bright".
1.（创新考法·组合选择）What are the three names of people in ancient China?
① A family name. ② A middle name.
③ A given name. ④ A courtesy name.
A. ①②③ B. ①②④
C. ①③④ D. ②③④
2. What does the underlined word "It" refer to?
A. The family name "Zhuge".
B. The given name "Liang".
C. The courtesy name "Kongming".
D. The history of ancient China.
3. What can we infer(推测) from the text?
A. Parents called kids by their family name at home.
B. People usually used courtesy names at work.
C. Women got their courtesy names at 20.
D. Courtesy names had nothing to do with given names.
答案
1. C 组合选择题。根据第一段中“A person usually had three names: a family name, a given name, and a courtesy name.”可知，中国古人通常有三个名字：姓、名、字。即①③④。
2. B 代词指代题。根据最后一段中“For example, Zhuge Liang's given name was Liang. It means ‘bright’.”可知，It 指代的是前一句提到的诸葛亮的“名”，即“Liang”。
3. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, in formal situations, people called each other by their courtesy names.”可知，在正式场合，人们使用“字”。
2. B 代词指代题。根据最后一段中“For example, Zhuge Liang's given name was Liang. It means ‘bright’.”可知，It 指代的是前一句提到的诸葛亮的“名”，即“Liang”。
3. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, in formal situations, people called each other by their courtesy names.”可知，在正式场合，人们使用“字”。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于中国古代姓名文化的说明文，包含3道阅读理解题，分别考查细节理解（组合选择）、代词指代、推理判断。解题思路为：先通读全文，把握文章核心内容（中国古人的三个名字：姓、名、字的定义与使用场景）；再针对每道题的题型，定位原文对应信息，逐一分析选项，排除错误答案得出正确结论。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“A person usually had three names: a family name, a given name, and a courtesy name.”可知，中国古人的三个名字是姓、名、字，对应①③④，故选C。
2. 代词指代题：根据最后一段“For example, Zhuge Liang's given name was Liang. It means 'bright'.”可知，It指代前文提到的given name“Liang”，故选B。
3. 推理判断题：
A选项：根据第二段“Elders... called their children by their given names at home.”可知，长辈在家叫孩子的名，而非姓，A错误；
B选项：根据第二段“in formal situations, people called each other by their courtesy names.”可知，正式场合使用字，工作属于正式场合，B正确；
C选项：根据第二段“women got theirs at 15 or when they got married”可知，女性是15岁或结婚时取字，而非20岁，C错误；
D选项：根据最后一段“a person's courtesy name often had something to do with his or her given name”可知，字和名有关，D错误；
故选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本题为跨学科的历史文化类阅读理解题，考查学生对原文细节信息的查找、代词指代的判断以及逻辑推理能力，需结合文化背景知识准确理解文本，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇关于中国古代姓名文化的说明文，包含3道阅读理解题，分别考查细节理解（组合选择）、代词指代、推理判断。解题思路为：先通读全文，把握文章核心内容（中国古人的三个名字：姓、名、字的定义与使用场景）；再针对每道题的题型，定位原文对应信息，逐一分析选项，排除错误答案得出正确结论。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“A person usually had three names: a family name, a given name, and a courtesy name.”可知，中国古人的三个名字是姓、名、字，对应①③④，故选C。
2. 代词指代题：根据最后一段“For example, Zhuge Liang's given name was Liang. It means 'bright'.”可知，It指代前文提到的given name“Liang”，故选B。
3. 推理判断题：
A选项：根据第二段“Elders... called their children by their given names at home.”可知，长辈在家叫孩子的名，而非姓，A错误；
B选项：根据第二段“in formal situations, people called each other by their courtesy names.”可知，正式场合使用字，工作属于正式场合，B正确；
C选项：根据第二段“women got theirs at 15 or when they got married”可知，女性是15岁或结婚时取字，而非20岁，C错误；
D选项：根据最后一段“a person's courtesy name often had something to do with his or her given name”可知，字和名有关，D错误；
故选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本题为跨学科的历史文化类阅读理解题，考查学生对原文细节信息的查找、代词指代的判断以及逻辑推理能力，需结合文化背景知识准确理解文本，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
