2026年提优练山东友谊出版社七年级英语下册人教版第105页答案
一词多义 写出画线词的词性和含义。
plant n. 工厂;植物 v. 种植
1. Plants need sunlight and water.
n. 植物

2. He knows how to plant trees.
v. 种植

3. There is a new power plant here.
n. 工厂

straight adv. 直接;立即;笔直地 adj. 直的
4. He was too tired to walk straight.
adv. 笔直地

5. Mike was so tired that he went straight to bed.
adv. 直接

6. My hometown has a straight road.
adj. 直的

答案

1.n. 植物 2.v. 种植 3.n. 工厂 4.adv. 笔直地
5.adv. 直接 6.adj. 直的

解析

【分析】
要判断画线词的词性和含义,需先回忆单词的不同词性及对应含义,再结合句子成分(如主语、谓语、修饰对象等)和语境分析:1. 看Plants在句中作主语,判断词性;2. 看plant在不定式符号to后,判断词性;3. 结合固定搭配判断;4. 看straight修饰动词,判断词性;5. 结合固定表达判断;6. 看straight修饰名词,判断词性,最终确定对应含义。
【解析】
1. 句中Plants作主语,为名词,结合语境指“植物”;
2. 句中plant在不定式符号to后,为动词,含义是“种植”;
3. power plant是固定短语,意为“发电厂”,此处plant为名词,含义是“工厂”;
4. 句中straight修饰动词walk,为副词,含义是“笔直地”;
5. go straight to是固定表达,此处straight修饰动词短语,为副词,含义是“直接”;
6. 句中straight修饰名词road,为形容词,含义是“直的”。
【答案】
1.n. 植物 2.v. 种植 3.n. 工厂 4.adv. 笔直地 5.adv. 直接 6.adj. 直的
【知识点】
英语一词多义;词性辨析
【点评】
本题考查常见英语单词的一词多义及词性判断,需结合句子成分和语境分析,属于基础词汇题。
【难度系数】
0.3
易混辨析 选择合适的短语并用其适当形式填空。
used to/be used to
7.I
used to
eat candy every day, but now I prefer fruit.
8.I
am used to
waking up early for school.

答案

7.used to
8.am used to

解析

【分析】首先明确两个易混短语的用法:used to + 动词原形,意为“过去常常做某事(现在已不做)”;be used to + 动名词/名词,意为“习惯于……”。第7句后半句“but now I prefer fruit”提示是过去的习惯,现在已改变,需用used to;第8句表达现在的习惯,主语为I,时态为一般现在时,需用be used to的正确形式。
【解析】7. 根据后半句“but now I prefer fruit”可知,此处表示过去每天吃糖果,现在不再这样,故填used to,后接动词原形eat。8. 此处表示“习惯于早起上学”,主语是I,时态为一般现在时,be动词用am,后接动名词waking up,故填am used to。
【答案】7.used to;8.am used to
【知识点】动词短语辨析;used to与be used to的用法
【点评】本题考查初中英语易混动词短语的辨析,需结合语境准确区分两个短语的含义及用法,属于基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
用所给词的适当形式填空。
act
1. The man is a famous
actor
. And he
acts
well in this movie. Inspired(激励) by his role in the movie, the girl decides to be an
actress
when she grows up.
final
2. Anna worked hard for the
final
exam.
Finally
she got an "A". She couldn't wait to tell her mum the good news!

答案

1.actor; acts; actress 2.final; Finally

解析

【分析】
做此类用所给词适当形式填空的题目,需先明确所给词的词性,再结合句子结构、语境及语法规则确定所需词性:1. 针对act:第一空被形容词famous修饰,需名词,结合主语the man(男性),用男演员的名词形式;第二空在句中作谓语,主语是第三人称单数he,需用动词的第三人称单数形式;第三空结合主语the girl(女性),需女演员的名词形式。2. 针对final:第一空修饰名词exam,需形容词;第二空位于句首,修饰整个句子,需用副词形式。
【解析】
1. 第一空:act的名词形式,结合主语为男性,填actor;第二空:主语he是第三人称单数,一般现在时谓语动词用三单形式,填acts;第三空:结合主语为女性,填actress。
2. 第一空:修饰名词exam,用形容词final;第二空:句首作状语修饰整个句子,用副词Finally。
【答案】
1. actor; acts; actress 2. final; Finally
【知识点】
词性转换;形容词与副词的用法;职业名词的性别形式
【点评】
本题为基础词性转换题,考查学生对不同词性在句子中作用的掌握,结合语境变形即可,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
谓语动词
3. It started raining hard. We couldn't
find
(find) our way at first. When we arrived at a
hotel, we
learnt
(learn) that there weren't any rooms. However, just as the saying goes,
"There
is
(be) always a way out."
Luckily, a nice hotel worker
let
(let) us sleep in the dining room. What did we
do
(do) the next day? We
left
(leave) the hotel after we thanked the hotel worker in the early morning.

答案

3.find; learnt; is; let; do; left

解析

【分析】先通读全文明确语境时态:整体为过去发生的事件,仅谚语用一般现在时。再逐个分析每个空的语法规则:情态动词后接动词原形、过去动作用一般过去时、谚语用一般现在时、助动词后接动词原形,据此判断每个空的正确形式。
【解析】1. 情态动词couldn't(can't的过去式)后需接动词原形,故填find;2. 描述过去到达酒店时的动作,用一般过去时,learn的过去式为learnt,故填learnt;3. 谚语表述客观真理,用一般现在时,way是单数,there be遵循就近原则,故填is;4. 描述过去发生的动作,let的过去式与原形同形,故填let;5. 助动词did后需接动词原形,故填do;6. 描述过去离开酒店的动作,用一般过去时,leave的过去式为left,故填left。
【答案】find; learnt; is; let; do; left
【知识点】一般过去时、情态动词用法、一般现在时
【点评】本题考查谓语动词的形式变化,需结合时态规则(情态动词后接原形、谚语用一般现在时、过去动作用一般过去时)判断,是基础语法应用题目,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,每空一词。
take day my and from
final stay amaze teach a
I have an unforgettable trip. In July, a friend of 1.
mine
and I went on a trip to the south of France. Our adventure began in Paris and we planned to end it in the beautiful city of Ajaccio.
First, we took a train 2.
from
Paris to Nice. When we reached Nice, we were 3.
amazed
by the blue sea and the warm weather. Then we 4.
took
the ferry to Ajaccio. It took us hours to get there. When we arrived, we found 5.
a
poor school without electricity(电). We decided to 6.
stay
and help the children there. We spent two weeks 7.
teaching
them, playing games and exploring the city with them. We learnt a lot about the local culture 8.
and
made many new friends. After two weeks, we ran out of money and had to find a job. 9.
Finally
, we found jobs as dishwashers(洗碗工) in a hotel. After twenty 10.
days
of working, we had enough money to buy our tickets and we went back home.

答案

1.mine 解析 空处指“我的朋友”,即“my friends”,应用名词性物主代词代替。故填 mine。
2.from 答题线索 from...to...为固定搭配,意为“从……到……”。
3.amazed 4.took 5.a 6.stay 7.teaching
8.and 9.Finally 10.days

解析

【分析】本题为英语选词填空题型,需先明确方框内词汇的词性与词义,再结合上下文语境、固定搭配、语法规则(如代词、时态、非谓语动词等)逐一推导每个空的正确形式:1. 第一空需用名词性物主代词代替“my friends”,对应“我的一个朋友”;2. 第二空考查固定搭配“from...to...”;3. 第三空考查固定搭配“be amazed by”;4. 第四空需用动词过去式,对应“乘渡轮”的过去动作;5. 第五空泛指“一所学校”,需用不定冠词;6. 第六空考查“decide to do sth”结构;7. 第七空考查“spend time doing sth”的非谓语动词形式;8. 第八空连接并列动作,需用并列连词;9. 第九空需用副词修饰整个句子;10. 第十空需用可数名词复数,对应“twenty”的修饰要求。
【解析】1. 空处表示“我的朋友”,需用名词性物主代词mine代替my friends,故填mine;2. “from...to...”为固定搭配,意为“从……到……”,故填from;3. “be amazed by”是固定搭配,意为“被……惊讶”,故填amazed;4. “take the ferry”表示“乘渡轮”,全文为过去时态,take的过去式是took,故填took;5. 此处泛指“一所贫穷的学校”,用不定冠词a,故填a;6. “decide to do sth”是固定搭配,结合语境“决定留下来帮助孩子”,故填stay;7. “spend time doing sth”是固定搭配,teach的动名词形式为teaching,故填teaching;8. 连接“了解当地文化”和“交新朋友”两个并列动作,用并列连词and,故填and;9. 此处需副词修饰整个句子,final的副词形式是Finally,句首大写,故填Finally;10. twenty后接可数名词复数,day的复数是days,故填days。
【答案】1.mine 2.from 3.amazed 4.took 5.a 6.stay 7.teaching 8.and 9.Finally 10.days
【知识点】名词性物主代词、固定搭配、动词形式
【点评】本题为初中英语基础选词填空题,考查学生对核心词汇的词性、词义及基础语法的运用能力,需结合语境和固定搭配逐一判断,整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6