Ⅳ. Complete the sentences with proper words.
1. I don't care the waste is hard or soft, we can always upcycle it well.
2. Upcycling old objects can greatly cut daily energy usage.
3. We reuse waste a creative way to protect our living environment.
4. We turn old boots into flower pots to give them second life.
5. I save my old T-shirts and keep them a new purpose as cleaning cloths.
6. Precycling is avoiding waste it is created.

1. whether 2. down 3. in 4. a 5. for 6. before

【分析】
先通读句子理解句意，结合固定搭配、介词、冠词的用法逐一分析填空：1. 看到句中or，对应固定结构whether...or...；2. 结合语境需表达“减少”，对应固定短语；3. “用某种方式”需用特定介词；4. 序数词前加冠词表“又一、再一”；5. 表目的需用对应介词；6. 结合句意逻辑选合适介词。
【解析】
1. 句意：我不在乎废物是硬的还是软的，我们总能很好地升级利用它。固定搭配whether...or...表示“不管是……还是……”，故填whether。
2. 句意：升级利用旧物品能大大减少日常能源使用。固定短语cut down意为“减少”，符合语境，故填down。
3. 句意：我们用一种创造性的方式重复利用废物来保护生活环境。“用……方式”用介词in，故填in。
4. 句意：我们把旧靴子变成花盆，给它们第二次生命。序数词second前加a表示“又一、再一”，故填a。
5. 句意：我保存旧T恤，把它们用于新目的当清洁布。介词for表目的，意为“为了”，故填for。
6. 句意：预循环是在浪费产生之前就避免它。结合句意“在……之前”，故填before。
【答案】
1. whether 2. down 3. in 4. a 5. for 6. before
【知识点】
固定搭配、介词用法、冠词用法
【点评】
本题考查英语基础的固定搭配、介词及冠词的运用，需掌握常见短语和词法规则，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅴ. Complete the passage with proper words or the correct forms of the words given.
The topic of the last class was about the environment. In this class, I learned that people 1. (pollute) their environment seriously in the past. We need a good environment, but we have difficulty 2. reducing waste, because almost all of us still produce waste every day. Everyone should do something to save 3. world.
As students, we can collect waste that can be recycled or used again, such as old 4. (bottle) and metal(金属). Then the school sells it and uses the money to help the students in poor areas. Here are some good ways to help you know 5. to deal with the waste.
Reduce. Reduce means “lower using”. Do not waste things. It saves money and causes 6. (little) pollution than throwing them away directly. Do not order more food 7. you can eat, and turn off the lights when you do not need them.
Reuse. Reuse means “use again”. Use things for as long as possible. Learn how 8. (keep) them carefully. Do not throw them away easily.
Recycle. Recycle means “change things into something else to be reused”. Though it takes energy, it is better than burning them. Your rubbish should
9. (divide) into glass, paper and others. And buy products such as recycled paper to help save trees.
We can't hope things will change 10. (rapid), but every little bit helps.

1. polluted 2. in 3. the 4. bottles 5. how 6. less 7. than 8. to keep 9. be divided 10. rapidly

【分析】
本题是一篇环保主题的选词填空题，需结合语境、语法规则（时态、固定搭配、词性转换、语态等）逐个解题。思路为：先通读全文理解大意，再分析每个空格的句子结构、所需词性及语法要求，结合提示词或固定搭配确定正确形式，如时间状语对应时态、比较级标志词对应比较级、被动关系对应被动语态等。
【解析】
1. 由时间状语"in the past"可知，此处用一般过去时，故填polluted；
2. 固定搭配"have difficulty (in) doing sth"表示“做某事有困难”，故填in；
3. "world"是独一无二的事物，前加定冠词the，故填the；
4. bottle是可数名词，此处表泛指一类，用复数形式，故填bottles；
5. 固定搭配"how to deal with"表示“如何处理”，故填how；
6. 由"than"可知需用比较级，little的比较级是less，故填less；
7. 由"more"可知是比较级结构，用than连接，故填than；
8. "疑问词+不定式"结构作learn的宾语，故填to keep；
9. 主语rubbish与divide是被动关系，含情态动词should的被动语态为"should be+过去分词"，故填be divided；
10. 修饰动词change需用副词，rapid的副词形式是rapidly，故填rapidly。
【答案】
1. polluted 2. in 3. the 4. bottles 5. how 6. less 7. than 8. to keep 9. be divided 10. rapidly
【知识点】
一般过去时、固定搭配、被动语态、副词用法
【点评】
本题围绕环保主题，考查初中英语核心基础语法（时态、语态、比较级等）和常用固定搭配，题型常规，侧重基础运用，学生需结合语境灵活运用词汇规则。
【难度系数】
0.6