四、阅读理解
"Why do I live? Why do I wish for anything, or do anything? Is there

anything in my life that will not be destroyed by my death?"
Like Leo Tolstoy, the famous Russian writer, many people ask these
difficult questions. Tolstoy spent his whole life trying to answer these
difficult questions.
As a young man, he thought people could achieve perfection if they
tried hard enough. So he worked very hard to be the best in everything. He thought that he
would find meaning and truth in success.
In the 1850s, Tolstoy wrote his first stories. He wrote about his life in the army. He also told
stories about his childhood. These works were published and Tolstoy became a well-known writer.
He got the respect he always wanted. Many rich and smart men met and talked with
Tolstoy. Some of them were writers like him. They talked a lot about faith (信仰) and the
meaning of life. But soon Tolstoy found that these men were not perfect. Now he knew they
could not answer his questions about faith.
So in the 1860s, Tolstoy tried a different way to find the meaning of life. He opened a
school for the children of his serfs—the people who worked on his land. These workers were
very poor. He wanted to help them because he thought they were more honest than the rich
people he knew.
Tolstoy learned a lot from his workers. He understood how they worked hard to support
their families. He began to believe that marriage and family would give his life meaning. So in
1862, Leo Tolstoy married a young woman named Sonya Behrs.
The next 15 years were the best years of Tolstoy's life. It was during this time that he
wrote his most famous books—War and Peace and Anna Karenina. Many experts say that
War and Peace is one of the greatest books ever written. In these books, Tolstoy believed
humans should live a simple life and take care of their families. Tolstoy thought this would
satisfy(满足) him and bring him happiness.
Leo Tolstoy is still a very respected writer today. His faith and writings have influenced
many people all over the world.
() 1. Which is the correct order of the following events?
① Tolstoy served in the army. ② Tolstoy got married.
③ Tolstoy wrote War and Peace. ④ Tolstoy opened a school.
⑤ Tolstoy became a well-known writer.
A. ①⑤③②④ B. ⑤①③②④ C. ①⑤④②③ D. ⑤④①③②
() 2. Tolstoy thought he would learn a lot from his workers because they were .
A. poor B. honest C. friendly D. patient
() 3. According to the passage, which of the following is the most important to Tolstoy?
A. Family. B. Success. C. Wealth. D. Fame (名声).
() 4. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Leo Tolstoy: Living for writing. B. Leo Tolstoy: Influencing the world.
C. Leo Tolstoy: Being the best in everything.
D. Leo Tolstoy: Searching for the meaning of life.

四、1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D

【分析】
1. 第1题：这是事件排序题，解题思路是从文中提取每个事件的时间线索，梳理先后顺序。首先明确“在军队服役”是托尔斯泰早期经历，以此为素材创作的作品出版后他才成为知名作家，故①在⑤前；接着1860年代他开办学校（④），1862年结婚（②），婚后15年创作《战争与和平》（③），由此确定事件顺序。
2. 第2题：这是细节理解题，解题时需定位原文相关语句，直接提取托尔斯泰想向工人学习的原因即可。
3. 第3题：这是推理判断题，需结合文中托尔斯泰的思想转变，从他认为婚姻家庭能赋予生命意义，以及作品中倡导的内容，判断对他最重要的事物。
4. 第4题：这是主旨大意题，解题时需梳理全文脉络，文章开篇点明托尔斯泰一生都在探寻生命的意义，后续内容围绕他不同阶段的探索展开，据此确定主旨。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文章内容，托尔斯泰先在军队服役（①），1850年代他创作了基于军队和童年生活的作品，作品出版后成为知名作家（⑤）；1860年代他为农奴的孩子开办学校（④）；1862年他结婚（②）；婚后的15年里他创作了《战争与和平》（③）。因此正确顺序为①⑤④②③，对应选项C。
2. 第2题：由文中“He wanted to help them because he thought they were more honest than the rich people he knew.”可知，托尔斯泰认为工人比他认识的富人更诚实，所以想向他们学习，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：文中提到“He began to believe that marriage and family would give his life meaning.”，且他在代表作中倡导人们过简单生活、照顾家庭，说明家庭是对他最重要的事物，对应选项A。
4. 第4题：全文围绕托尔斯泰一生探寻生命意义的不同阶段展开，从年轻时追求成功，到与文人探讨信仰，再到向工人学习、重视家庭，都体现了他对生命意义的追寻，因此主旨为“Leo Tolstoy: Searching for the meaning of life.”，对应选项D。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D
【知识点】
细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意
【点评】
这篇阅读理解围绕托尔斯泰探寻生命意义的经历展开，题目涵盖事件排序、细节提取、推理判断和主旨归纳，考查学生对文本信息的梳理、提取与归纳能力，需要学生仔细研读文本，理清人物的经历与思想转变。
【难度系数】
0.6