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Ⅴ. 阅读理解
Known as "soft gold", Gambiered Canton gauze(香云纱) is the only silk fabric(织物) that's still hand-dyed using natural plants in the world today.
The skill has a history of more than 500 years. In 2008, it was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage. Ouyang Yongze is an inheritor of the dyeing skills from Guangdong. The man started learning the skills in 2017.
The dyeing process includes 30 steps. It can take up to six months and is done by hand with materials from nature. "The plant shuliang(薯莨), river mud, sunshine, and grass are all important in dyeing," Ouyang told China Daily.
To dye the fabric, workers put it in shuliang juice and let it dry on the grass. They repeat this many times until it turns brownish-yellow. Then, they put river mud on it to help shuliang react(起反应) fully. After washing and drying it again, the fabric turns black!
Mastering the skills is difficult, according to Ouyang, who put full effort into controlling the density(浓度) of shuliang juice. "Too much may cause colour loss, and too little may not lead to a dark enough fabric," he said. "Better control of the density comes after many failures."
Also, the job can be really tiring as workers have to be at work in the sun for 8 hours each day. Only a few people work in the industry, and skilled masters are getting older as fewer young people take part.
Considering this, Ouyang works harder to develop the traditional craft. He has got together other dyeing skills such as tie-dyeing(扎染法) and batik(蜡染) and has worked with famous fashion designers. They turn the silk into both traditional and fashionable clothes that are popular worldwide. He thinks this can help make the craft stay alive and draw people to the industry.
1. 新考法 创新设问 Which sentence can the underlined word "inheritor" in Paragraph 2 be put in?
A. Bell, the of the telephone, made the first call.
B. That company offers good value and service to every .
C. Finally, Maria became the of the singing competition.
D. Every teenager should be a(n) of our Chinese culture to pass it down.
2. Which of the following is the RIGHT order of dyeing Gambiered Canton gauze?
①Dry the fabric on the grass.
②Put the fabric in shuliang juice.
③Put river mud on the fabric to help shuliang react fully.
④Repeat many times until the fabric turns brownish-yellow.
A. ④②①③
B. ②①④③
C. ②④①③
D. ①④②③
3. Which of the following sentences can best conclude Paragraph 6?
A. The job is difficult but popular.
B. Some artists are coming to help the workers.
C. Passing down the skills is challenging.
D. The job seems to become easier than before.
4. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Water is important in the colour during dyeing.
B. There are no people taking part in this industry.
C. Ouyang only fails a few times before he controls the density better.
D. The dyeing process needs great patience, excellent skills and hard work.
Known as "soft gold", Gambiered Canton gauze(香云纱) is the only silk fabric(织物) that's still hand-dyed using natural plants in the world today.
The skill has a history of more than 500 years. In 2008, it was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage. Ouyang Yongze is an inheritor of the dyeing skills from Guangdong. The man started learning the skills in 2017.
The dyeing process includes 30 steps. It can take up to six months and is done by hand with materials from nature. "The plant shuliang(薯莨), river mud, sunshine, and grass are all important in dyeing," Ouyang told China Daily.
To dye the fabric, workers put it in shuliang juice and let it dry on the grass. They repeat this many times until it turns brownish-yellow. Then, they put river mud on it to help shuliang react(起反应) fully. After washing and drying it again, the fabric turns black!
Mastering the skills is difficult, according to Ouyang, who put full effort into controlling the density(浓度) of shuliang juice. "Too much may cause colour loss, and too little may not lead to a dark enough fabric," he said. "Better control of the density comes after many failures."
Also, the job can be really tiring as workers have to be at work in the sun for 8 hours each day. Only a few people work in the industry, and skilled masters are getting older as fewer young people take part.
Considering this, Ouyang works harder to develop the traditional craft. He has got together other dyeing skills such as tie-dyeing(扎染法) and batik(蜡染) and has worked with famous fashion designers. They turn the silk into both traditional and fashionable clothes that are popular worldwide. He thinks this can help make the craft stay alive and draw people to the industry.
1. 新考法 创新设问 Which sentence can the underlined word "inheritor" in Paragraph 2 be put in?
A. Bell, the of the telephone, made the first call.
B. That company offers good value and service to every .
C. Finally, Maria became the of the singing competition.
D. Every teenager should be a(n) of our Chinese culture to pass it down.
2. Which of the following is the RIGHT order of dyeing Gambiered Canton gauze?
①Dry the fabric on the grass.
②Put the fabric in shuliang juice.
③Put river mud on the fabric to help shuliang react fully.
④Repeat many times until the fabric turns brownish-yellow.
A. ④②①③
B. ②①④③
C. ②④①③
D. ①④②③
3. Which of the following sentences can best conclude Paragraph 6?
A. The job is difficult but popular.
B. Some artists are coming to help the workers.
C. Passing down the skills is challenging.
D. The job seems to become easier than before.
4. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Water is important in the colour during dyeing.
B. There are no people taking part in this industry.
C. Ouyang only fails a few times before he controls the density better.
D. The dyeing process needs great patience, excellent skills and hard work.
答案
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国非物质文化遗产“香云纱”的制作工艺以及传承。
1. D 词义猜测题。根据“Ouyang Yongze is an inheritor of the dyeing skills from Guangdong.”可知，欧阳永泽是这一广东染法的传承人，所以inheritor表示“传承人”，这个单词适合放入D选项的句子中。故选D。
2. B 事件排序题。根据第四段可知，工人们把织物放在薯莨汁里，让它在草地上晾干，重复这个过程很多次，直到它变成棕黄色，然后把河泥放在上面，以帮助薯莨充分反应。B选项的顺序符合。故选B。
3. C 推理判断题。根据“Only a few people work in the industry, and skilled masters are getting older as fewer young people take part.”可知，只有少数人在这个行业工作，熟练的大师正在变老，而加入的年轻人越来越少，也就是说将这种技能传递下去是一种挑战。故选C。
4. D 推理判断题。根据“The dyeing process includes 30 steps ... Mastering the skills is difficult ... Also, the job can be really tiring as workers have to be at work in the sun for 8 hours each day.”可知，染色过程包括30个步骤，掌握这项技能很困难，这项工作也很累人，由此可推断，染色过程需要极大的耐心、高超的技艺和辛勤的劳动。故选D。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国非物质文化遗产“香云纱”的制作工艺以及传承。
1. D 词义猜测题。根据“Ouyang Yongze is an inheritor of the dyeing skills from Guangdong.”可知，欧阳永泽是这一广东染法的传承人，所以inheritor表示“传承人”，这个单词适合放入D选项的句子中。故选D。
2. B 事件排序题。根据第四段可知，工人们把织物放在薯莨汁里，让它在草地上晾干，重复这个过程很多次，直到它变成棕黄色，然后把河泥放在上面，以帮助薯莨充分反应。B选项的顺序符合。故选B。
3. C 推理判断题。根据“Only a few people work in the industry, and skilled masters are getting older as fewer young people take part.”可知，只有少数人在这个行业工作，熟练的大师正在变老，而加入的年轻人越来越少，也就是说将这种技能传递下去是一种挑战。故选C。
4. D 推理判断题。根据“The dyeing process includes 30 steps ... Mastering the skills is difficult ... Also, the job can be really tiring as workers have to be at work in the sun for 8 hours each day.”可知，染色过程包括30个步骤，掌握这项技能很困难，这项工作也很累人，由此可推断，染色过程需要极大的耐心、高超的技艺和辛勤的劳动。故选D。
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需先定位原文中“inheritor”的语境，明确该词含义，再分析各选项语境匹配词义；
2. 第2题是事件排序题，需回到原文第四段梳理香云纱染色的步骤顺序，对应选项选出正确答案；
3. 第3题是段落主旨归纳题，需分析第六段核心内容，提炼总结句；
4. 第4题是推理判断题，需结合原文细节描述，排除错误选项，推断合理结论。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：原文提到“Ouyang Yongze is an inheritor of the dyeing skills from Guangdong”，可知inheritor意为“传承人”。A选项需“发明者”，B选项需“顾客”，C选项需“获胜者”，D选项需“传承人”，符合语境，故选D。
2. 事件排序题：根据第四段，染色步骤为：②将织物放入薯莨汁→①在草地上晾干→④重复多次至棕黄色→③放河泥助薯莨反应，对应选项B，故选B。
3. 段落主旨题：第六段指出行业从业者少、熟练大师年事已高、年轻人参与少，核心是传承该技能具有挑战性，C选项符合，故选C。
4. 推理判断题：A选项原文未提及水的作用；B选项原文是“Only a few people work”而非无人；C选项原文是“many failures”而非几次；D选项从30个步骤、掌握技能难、工作累可推断，故选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
词义猜测题、事件排序题、推理判断题
【点评】
本题围绕非遗香云纱展开，考察英语阅读核心题型，需学生精准定位原文信息，理解语境与主旨，难度适中，适合巩固阅读基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需先定位原文中“inheritor”的语境，明确该词含义，再分析各选项语境匹配词义；
2. 第2题是事件排序题，需回到原文第四段梳理香云纱染色的步骤顺序，对应选项选出正确答案；
3. 第3题是段落主旨归纳题，需分析第六段核心内容，提炼总结句；
4. 第4题是推理判断题，需结合原文细节描述，排除错误选项，推断合理结论。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：原文提到“Ouyang Yongze is an inheritor of the dyeing skills from Guangdong”，可知inheritor意为“传承人”。A选项需“发明者”，B选项需“顾客”，C选项需“获胜者”，D选项需“传承人”，符合语境，故选D。
2. 事件排序题：根据第四段，染色步骤为：②将织物放入薯莨汁→①在草地上晾干→④重复多次至棕黄色→③放河泥助薯莨反应，对应选项B，故选B。
3. 段落主旨题：第六段指出行业从业者少、熟练大师年事已高、年轻人参与少，核心是传承该技能具有挑战性，C选项符合，故选C。
4. 推理判断题：A选项原文未提及水的作用；B选项原文是“Only a few people work”而非无人；C选项原文是“many failures”而非几次；D选项从30个步骤、掌握技能难、工作累可推断，故选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
词义猜测题、事件排序题、推理判断题
【点评】
本题围绕非遗香云纱展开，考察英语阅读核心题型，需学生精准定位原文信息，理解语境与主旨，难度适中，适合巩固阅读基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
