「2025 福建中考」
Deep under the Pacific Ocean lie coral reefs colored by some algae that live with corals. Corals usually provide nitrogen(氮) to algae, and in return they get carbon(碳), which gives them energy.
In the early 1980s, a huge heat wave turned more than 90 percent of these corals a pale, lifeless white. And it was believed that about 50 percent of reefs with beautiful corals might disappear by 2030. Heat waves warmed up the same Pacific waters in the late 1990s and again in 2015-2016, but scientists noticed that these heat waves didn’t influence the reefs as badly as the first. Maybe corals have found a way to adapt(适应).
Swimming to cooler waters is not a good choice for corals, for it makes them easily hurt by the changing climate. But corals are able to adapt. Some turn to those algae that can deal well with heat. Others can use rows of tiny hairs on their bodies to “fan” away too much harmful oxygen($\mathrm{O}_2$) let out by stressed-out algae. Certain baby corals change their own metabolisms(新陈代谢) in order to fight the warming waters. But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree.
After studying and understanding these adaptations, scientists are trying to find ways to help corals fight. If researchers can make corals accept algae that can deal with heat pressure or if they energize genes(基因) that can deal with heat pressure, it will raise the corals’ chance of living through future ocean heat waves.
“When I go down to the sea and see a beautiful healthy reef with these colorful corals, I feel this pleasure of being in this underwater world,” a famous biologist says. “It will be really sad to see it dead. But that does drive you to want to use your skills and your love to help fight.”
1. What can we know from paragraph 1?
A. Corals make algae more colorful.
B. Algae provide room for corals to live in.
C. Corals and algae depend on each other.
D. Algae produce nitrogen to influence corals.
2. What does the underlined part “the first” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The heat wave in the early 1980s.
B. The heat wave in the late 1990s.
C. The Pacific waters in 2015-2016.
D. The reefs’ disappearance by 2030.
3. What difficulty do corals face?
A. They cannot completely adapt to heat waves.
B. They cannot change their own metabolisms.
C. They have no ability to swim to cooler waters.
D. They have no ability to drive away harmful oxygen.
4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. It’s necessary to live with corals.
B. The ocean has become unhealthy.
C. We should try our best to save corals.
D. Making a study of the ocean is a must.
5. Which would be the best title for the text?
A. Corals Die Out
B. Corals Fight Back
C. Corals Break Down
D. Corals Come into Being

Period 5 Assessment & Further study
素养提优
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了珊瑚礁在面对热浪时的适应方式以及科学家如何帮助珊瑚礁生存。
1.C 细节理解题。根据“Corals usually provide nitrogen to algae, and in return they get carbon, which gives them energy.”可知,珊瑚通常为藻类提供氮,作为回报,它们获得碳,这为它们提供了能量,可见珊瑚和藻类相互依赖。故选C。
2.A 词义猜测题。根据“In the early 1980s, a huge heat...lifeless white.”以及“but scientists noticed that...as the first”可知,这些热浪对珊瑚礁的影响并不像第一次那么严重,故此处“the first”指代的是1980年代初的热浪。故选A。
3.A 推理判断题。根据“But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree.”可知,所有这些适应只能在一定程度上保护它们自己,可见珊瑚不能完全适应热浪。故选A。
4.C 推理判断题。根据“It will be really sad...and your love to help fight.”可知,看到珊瑚死亡很伤心,这让我们想要帮助它们,即我们应该尽最大努力拯救珊瑚。故选C。
5.B 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了珊瑚礁在面对热浪时的适应方式以及科学家如何帮助珊瑚礁生存,以选项B“珊瑚反击”为标题最合适。故选B。