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四、阅读与表达
阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
The steam engine is a key invention that changed how we live and work. It started the Industrial Revolution（工业革命）. During that time, machines began to make things instead of people. The steam engine uses steam to move parts, and it makes work faster than before.
Before the steam engine, people used water wheels or animals to do work. These were not as strong or fast as steam engines. The steam engine was better because it did not depend on water or animals. It could work day and night.
Steam engines made trains and steamboats possible. Trains could carry many people and goods over long distances quickly. Steamed boats could sail faster and further. All of these helped trade grow. This was much better than using horses or walking.
However, steam engines had problems too. They needed a lot of coal but it is not good for the environment. They made noise and smoke, which was bad for people and the air.
Even with these problems, the steam engine was a great invention. It helped start a new way of living and working. It made factories and modern transportation possible. The steam engine was a big step forward in human history.
1. What started the Industrial Revolution?
2. What did people use before steam engines for work?
3. How did steam engines help trade grow?
4. What invention do you think is also useful besides the steam engine? Write 30 words or more.
阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
The steam engine is a key invention that changed how we live and work. It started the Industrial Revolution（工业革命）. During that time, machines began to make things instead of people. The steam engine uses steam to move parts, and it makes work faster than before.
Before the steam engine, people used water wheels or animals to do work. These were not as strong or fast as steam engines. The steam engine was better because it did not depend on water or animals. It could work day and night.
Steam engines made trains and steamboats possible. Trains could carry many people and goods over long distances quickly. Steamed boats could sail faster and further. All of these helped trade grow. This was much better than using horses or walking.
However, steam engines had problems too. They needed a lot of coal but it is not good for the environment. They made noise and smoke, which was bad for people and the air.
Even with these problems, the steam engine was a great invention. It helped start a new way of living and working. It made factories and modern transportation possible. The steam engine was a big step forward in human history.
1. What started the Industrial Revolution?
The steam engine.
2. What did people use before steam engines for work?
Water wheels or animals.
3. How did steam engines help trade grow?
Steam engines made trains and steamed boats possible. Trains and steamed boats helped trade grow.
4. What invention do you think is also useful besides the steam engine? Write 30 words or more.
I think the light bulb is also very useful. It gives us light and helps us see in the dark.
It makes reading and working easy after sunset. The light bulb is important for our daily life
and helps us stay active even when the sun goes down.
答案
1. The steam engine.
2. Water wheels or animals.
3. Steam engines made trains and steamed boats possible. Trains and steamed boats helped trade grow.
4. I think the light bulb is also very useful. It gives us light and helps us see in the dark. It makes reading and working easy after sunset. The light bulb is important for our daily life and helps us stay active even when the sun goes down.
2. Water wheels or animals.
3. Steam engines made trains and steamed boats possible. Trains and steamed boats helped trade grow.
4. I think the light bulb is also very useful. It gives us light and helps us see in the dark. It makes reading and working easy after sunset. The light bulb is important for our daily life and helps us stay active even when the sun goes down.
解析
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，前3道是细节理解题，需通读短文后根据问题关键词定位原文对应内容提取答案；第4道是开放表达题，需结合短文主题（重要发明），选取合适发明并说明作用，满足字数要求。
【解析】1. 定位短文第一段关键句，引发工业革命的是蒸汽机，故答案为The steam engine。2. 定位短文第二段第一句，蒸汽机前人们用水车或动物工作，直接提取答案。3. 定位短文第三段，蒸汽机使火车、汽船成为可能，二者能快速运输人和货物，进而促进贸易，整理为对应内容。4. 开放题选取灯泡，说明其在日常生活中的作用，符合30词以上要求。
【答案】1. The steam engine.
2. Water wheels or animals.
3. Steam engines made trains and steamboats possible. Trains and steamboats helped trade grow.
4. I think the light bulb is also very useful. It gives us light and helps us see in the dark. It makes reading and working easy after sunset. The light bulb is important for our daily life and helps us stay active even when the sun goes down.
【知识点】英语阅读理解细节题、英语书面表达
【点评】本题考查学生的英语阅读信息定位能力和开放表达能力，前3题难度较低，第4题需结合生活实际合理作答，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 定位短文第一段关键句，引发工业革命的是蒸汽机，故答案为The steam engine。2. 定位短文第二段第一句，蒸汽机前人们用水车或动物工作，直接提取答案。3. 定位短文第三段，蒸汽机使火车、汽船成为可能，二者能快速运输人和货物，进而促进贸易，整理为对应内容。4. 开放题选取灯泡，说明其在日常生活中的作用，符合30词以上要求。
【答案】1. The steam engine.
2. Water wheels or animals.
3. Steam engines made trains and steamboats possible. Trains and steamboats helped trade grow.
4. I think the light bulb is also very useful. It gives us light and helps us see in the dark. It makes reading and working easy after sunset. The light bulb is important for our daily life and helps us stay active even when the sun goes down.
【知识点】英语阅读理解细节题、英语书面表达
【点评】本题考查学生的英语阅读信息定位能力和开放表达能力，前3题难度较低，第4题需结合生活实际合理作答，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
