六、 🐑🐑 阅读表达
Another rich man in Venice was Shylock. He became rich by lending money to others and making them pay interest (利息). While Antonio thought it wrong to make people pay interest, he said the rich should help the poor. Shylock was very angry about this because many people went to borrow money from Antonio instead of borrowing from him. This meant that Shylock earned less money.
When Bassanio visited Shylock, he asked Shylock to lend him three thousand gold coins and said he would pay it back in three months. “How do I know you can pay it back?” asked Shylock. “My friend Antonio will help me. If I do not pay you in three months, he will do it for me,” Bassanio said. Shylock turned and smiled. Perhaps this would be a chance.
So Shylock went to visit Antonio at once. When seeing him, Shylock couldn’t help thinking how much he hated him. However, he did not show his hatred. He tried to be friendly. “It’s three thousand gold coins for three months, isn’t it?” Antonio and Bassanio agreed. “What interest will you pay?” Shylock asked. Before long, Antonio and Shylock were arguing about interest. Antonio called Shylock some bad names. Bassanio was worried and stopped Antonio.
Antonio said sorry to Shylock. “If you lend us this money,” pleaded Antonio, “I will not call you bad names.”
Shylock pretended to be surprised. “Come with me to the judge,” said Shylock, “so that he can write the contract. I will lend you the money for three months. You will pay no interest. Just for fun, however, let’s agree that if you do not pay me on time, you will give me one pound of your flesh from wherever I choose to take it!”
Antonio agreed. He was certain that he was able to pay back the money on time. “My ships come back a whole month before we have to pay the money.”
——Taken from The Merchant of Venice
1. How did Shylock become rich?

2. Who did many people prefer to go to borrow money from?

3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

4. In how many months would Antonio’s ships come back as planned?

5. 新考法 开放题 What do you think of Shylock?

【主旨大意】本文节选自《威尼斯商人》，讲述了放高利贷者夏洛克与安东尼奥的矛盾由来，以及巴萨尼奥向夏洛克借钱、夏洛克借机与安东尼奥签订“一磅肉”契约的故事，展现了夏洛克的贪婪与复仇心理。
1. By lending money to others and making them pay interest.
2. Antonio. 3. Three thousand gold coins. 4. In 2 months.
5. He is greedy/selfish/mean/cold-blooded./He is a bad man.（答案不唯一，合理即可）

【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测和开放表达三类题型。解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，针对不同题型采用对应方法：细节题需定位原文对应句子提取信息；词义猜测题结合上下文指代关系判断；开放题结合人物行为合理评价。
【解析】1. 定位原文第一段第二句“He became rich by lending money to others and making them pay interest.”，直接提取答案。2. 定位第一段最后两句“many people went to borrow money from Antonio instead of borrowing from him.”，可知人们更愿意向Antonio借钱。3. 第二段提到巴萨尼奥要借“three thousand gold coins”并承诺归还，故“it”指代“three thousand gold coins”。4. 最后一段指出安东尼奥的船会在还款期限（三个月）前一个月返回，即船在2个月后回来。5. 开放题结合夏洛克的贪婪、报复心理，合理评价即可。
【答案】1. By lending money to others and making them pay interest. 2. Antonio. 3. Three thousand gold coins. 4. In 2 months. 5. He is greedy/selfish/mean/cold-blooded./He is a bad man.（答案不唯一，合理即可）
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题
【点评】本题节选自名著《威尼斯商人》，考查学生的信息定位能力与人物分析能力，题型常规，注重对文本内容的理解和基础语言能力的运用。
【难度系数】0.6