从课文中找到对应的英文词组，完成练习
1. 事情好的方面
2. 一个不眠之夜
3. 第二天
4. 一些有用的建议
5. 打羽毛球
6. 被一棵树挂住了

1. the bright side of things
2. a sleepless night
3. the next day
4. some useful advice
5. play badminton
6. get caught in a tree

【分析】本题要求从课文中匹配对应的英文词组，解题时需结合中文释义，回忆课文中出现的固定英文短语，注意短语的固定搭配、名词的可数性（如advice为不可数名词）、动词短语的正确形式等细节，确保每个词组的表达与课文一致。
【解析】1. “事情好的方面”对应的固定英文词组是the bright side of things；2. “一个不眠之夜”的英文表达为a sleepless night；3. “第二天”对应的是the next day；4. “建议”是不可数名词，“一些有用的建议”译为some useful advice；5. “打羽毛球”的固定表达是play badminton；6. “被一棵树挂住”的英文短语为get caught in a tree。
【答案】1. the bright side of things
2. a sleepless night
3. the next day
4. some useful advice
5. play badminton
6. get caught in a tree
【知识点】固定词组搭配；名词的数；动词短语
【点评】本题考查课文中核心的英文固定短语，属于基础识记类题目，需要学生平时认真积累课文中的常用搭配，注意细节如不可数名词的用法、固定介词搭配等，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.6

一、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Johnson is a (cheer) man. He can always find wonderful things in life.
2. Look at the (help) boy. How poor he is!
3. We are (hope) that Jack will win the match because he practises hard every day.
4. It’s (use) to cry. You should cheer up and try again.
5. Sally is such a (care) girl that she never makes mistakes in exams.
6. Daniel often goes on the internet to find answers to his (end) questions.
7. I felt so tired after a (sleep) night.
8. It’s (meaning) for us to protect the environment.

1. cheerful 2. helpless 3. hopeful 4. useless
5. careful 6. endless 7. sleepless 8. meaningful

【分析】
本题要求用括号内单词的正确形式填空，解题思路：首先判断空格处的句子成分，空格要么修饰名词（作定语），要么在be动词后作表语，因此需要将括号内的单词转换为形容词；接着结合句意，判断所需形容词的词义（肯定或否定），再添加对应的形容词后缀（如-ful表肯定，-less表否定）完成变形，最后验证变形后的单词是否符合句意和语法。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰名词man，需用形容词，cheer的形容词形式为cheerful，意为“快乐的”，符合句意“Johnson是个快乐的人”；
2. 空格修饰名词boy，结合句意“多么可怜”，需用help的否定形容词helpless，意为“无助的”；
3. 空格在be动词后作表语，需用形容词，hope的形容词形式为hopeful，意为“有希望的”，符合句意“我们希望Jack赢比赛”；
4. 句意“哭是没用的”，需用use的否定形容词useless，意为“无用的”；
5. 空格修饰名词girl，结合句意“从不犯错”，需用care的形容词形式careful，意为“细心的”；
6. 空格修饰名词questions，需用end的形容词形式endless，意为“无尽的”，符合句意“无尽的问题”；
7. 空格修饰名词night，结合句意“累”，需用sleep的否定形容词sleepless，意为“失眠的”；
8. 句意“保护环境对我们有意义”，需用meaning的形容词形式meaningful，意为“有意义的”。
【答案】
1. cheerful 2. helpless 3. hopeful 4. useless 5. careful 6. endless 7. sleepless 8. meaningful
【知识点】
形容词的构成、词汇变形
【点评】
本题考查基础的词汇变形能力，核心是掌握常见的形容词后缀（-ful/-less等），结合句意判断词性和词义，属于英语基础题，适合巩固词汇变形知识。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、根据中文意思完成句子
1. 事实上，我很擅长打羽毛球。
, I’m good at .
2. 我的风筝挂在一棵树上了。第二天，我哥哥帮我把它拿下来了。
My kite . My brother helped me take it down .
3. 我是个乐观的人。我喜欢往事情好的方面看。
I’m a . I like .

1. In fact; playing badminton
2. got caught in a tree; the next day
3. cheerful person; to look/looking on the bright side of things

【分析】
本题为根据中文意思补全英文句子的基础题型，解题思路是先明确每个中文语义对应的英语固定表达，再结合句子的搭配规则（如be good at后接动名词、like后可接不定式或动名词）及时态要求，匹配正确的英语表达。
【解析】
1. “事实上”的固定短语为In fact（句首首字母大写）；“擅长做某事”是be good at doing sth，“打羽毛球”需用动名词形式playing badminton，故填In fact; playing badminton。
2. “挂在一棵树上”常用短语get caught in a tree，句子描述过去发生的事，需用get的过去式got；“第二天”对应固定表达the next day，故填got caught in a tree; the next day。
3. “乐观的人”对应cheerful person；“喜欢做某事”中like后可接不定式或动名词，“往事情好的方面看”是look on the bright side of things，故填cheerful person; to look/looking on the bright side of things。
【答案】
1. In fact; playing badminton
2. got caught in a tree; the next day
3. cheerful person; to look/looking on the bright side of things
【知识点】
固定短语运用，动词搭配，常用句式
【点评】
本题考查英语基础的固定表达与短语搭配，属于常规汉译英补全题型，侧重考查学生对基础英语表达的积累，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.8

一、根据首字母提示填空，补全短文
Have you ever heard of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi? Their story is a typical (典型的) example of the ideal Chinese f1. Here is the story.
D2 the Spring and Autumn Period, there lived a great musician named Yu Boya. He played the musical instrument (乐器) qin very well. Unluckily, few people could u3 his music.
One day, Boya went travelling by boat. On his way, he got caught in a heavy r4 and stopped the boat by the riverside. When the rain stopped, Boya felt a little bit b5. He took out his qin and began to play. As he was throwing himself into playing music, he suddenly noticed that s6 was listening to him by the riverside. Boya came out of the b7 and saw a person enjoying his music. That person was Zhong Ziqi.
Boya i8 him to his own boat and played for him. He played one tune (曲子) that described the high m9 and another that described the running water. Ziqi understood both of them and admired Boya for his musical talent. Boya was very excited, and said, “Dear friend! Only you can understand my music!”
They promised to meet again in the same place the next year. The following year, Boya arrived on time. H10, he didn’t see Ziqi. Later, he learnt that Ziqi had died of an illness. Boya was so sad that he broke his qin and decided never to play it again.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. friendship 2. During 3. understand 4. rain 5. bored
6. someone/somebody 7. boat 8. invited 9. mountain(s)
10. However

【分析】首先通读短文，理解短文讲述的伯牙与钟子期的知音故事，再结合每个空的首字母提示，联系上下文语境、固定搭配及词汇含义来推断合适的单词，确保填入的单词符合语法和语义逻辑。
【解析】1. 结合伯牙子期的故事主题，是关于理想的中国友谊，首字母f，故填friendship；2. 表示在某个时期，用介词During，符合语境“在春秋时期”；3. 前文说伯牙琴弹得好，转折后是很少人能理解他的音乐，首字母u，故填understand；4. 后文提到雨停，可知此处是遇到大雨，首字母r，故填rain；5. 雨停后伯牙在河边，有点无聊，首字母b，故填bored；6. 伯牙弹琴时注意到有人在河边听，首字母s，故填someone/somebody；7. 前文提到伯牙在船上，所以从船里出来，首字母b，故填boat；8. 伯牙邀请钟子期到自己的船上，首字母i，故填invited；9. 后文提到流水，对应描述高山，首字母m，故填mountain(s)；10. 伯牙次年准时到达却没见到钟子期，是转折关系，首字母H，故填However。
【答案】1. friendship 2. During 3. understand 4. rain 5. bored 6. someone/somebody 7. boat 8. invited 9. mountain(s) 10. However
【知识点】英语词汇运用、短文理解
【点评】本题以经典知音故事为载体，通过首字母填空的形式考查学生对基础词汇的掌握及上下文语境的分析能力，题型基础，需结合故事背景和语境推断词汇，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6