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In a milestone for China's space biology research, four specially chosen mice will get on the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft. They will go to the Tiangong Space Station for a 5-to-7-day task. This is the country's first experiment with small mammals in space. These tiny "astronauts" passed hard tests to earn their tickets to space.
The journey started with 300 mice. After 60 days of strict checks, the number got smaller. The mice faced some important challenges. They needed to stay on a turning stick for more than 110 seconds to show they were strong. They also went through spins in different directions to test a part of their bodies.
This part helps them not feel sick in space. Besides, they walked through mazes to show they could find their way. Only 48 mice got on the backup list. At last, two male mice and two female mice were chosen for the task.
These black mice are from a special group. Their genes are almost the same. This makes their differences small, so the experiment's data will be accurate and easy to compare. This is better than the more common white mice with different genes. Their home in space is a special box. It has systems to control temperature, give food and water automatically, and collect waste. There is even a spring-like thing for them to dig, just like they do on Earth.
Once they are in space, astronauts will move the mice to a long-term research platform for small animals. The platform was sent earlier by the Tianzhou-9 cargo craft. The ground teams will watch the mice's behavior through real-time cameras. They want to study how microgravity(微重力) and small spaces affect the mice's ability to get used to the environment and their stress. A special experiment will also look at how the space environment connects to the start of genetic codes.
This task is a "from 0 to 1" breakthrough. It tests technologies to safely send, keep, and bring back mammals from space. Mice share 85% of their genes with humans, so they are good models to understand how space affects living things. The data collected will help protect astronauts during long space trips. It will also support China's plan to send astronauts to the moon before 2030 and explore Mars later.
After their trip in space, the mice will come back to Earth on Shenzhou-21. Scientists will study them more. Just like human astronauts, these small explorers are helping humans go deeper into space.
(
A. A sudden failure.
B. A significant achievement.
C. A difficult challenge.
D. A common experience.
(
A. They were stronger than white mice.
B. Their similar genes made the experiment data reliable.
C. They could get used to small spaces better.
D. They were easier to train for space tasks.
(
①Stay on a turning stick for over 110 seconds.
②Experience multi-directional spinning tests.
③Run through mazes to test navigation ability.
④Live in special temperature-control boxes for 60 days.
A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④
(
A. It only focuses on sending humans to space.
B. It is developing step by step with clear goals.
C. It has already finished exploring the moon and Mars.
D. It doesn't care about small animal experiments.
(
The journey started with 300 mice. After 60 days of strict checks, the number got smaller. The mice faced some important challenges. They needed to stay on a turning stick for more than 110 seconds to show they were strong. They also went through spins in different directions to test a part of their bodies.
This part helps them not feel sick in space. Besides, they walked through mazes to show they could find their way. Only 48 mice got on the backup list. At last, two male mice and two female mice were chosen for the task.
These black mice are from a special group. Their genes are almost the same. This makes their differences small, so the experiment's data will be accurate and easy to compare. This is better than the more common white mice with different genes. Their home in space is a special box. It has systems to control temperature, give food and water automatically, and collect waste. There is even a spring-like thing for them to dig, just like they do on Earth.
Once they are in space, astronauts will move the mice to a long-term research platform for small animals. The platform was sent earlier by the Tianzhou-9 cargo craft. The ground teams will watch the mice's behavior through real-time cameras. They want to study how microgravity(微重力) and small spaces affect the mice's ability to get used to the environment and their stress. A special experiment will also look at how the space environment connects to the start of genetic codes.
This task is a "from 0 to 1" breakthrough. It tests technologies to safely send, keep, and bring back mammals from space. Mice share 85% of their genes with humans, so they are good models to understand how space affects living things. The data collected will help protect astronauts during long space trips. It will also support China's plan to send astronauts to the moon before 2030 and explore Mars later.
After their trip in space, the mice will come back to Earth on Shenzhou-21. Scientists will study them more. Just like human astronauts, these small explorers are helping humans go deeper into space.
(
B
)26. What does the underlined word "breakthrough" in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?A. A sudden failure.
B. A significant achievement.
C. A difficult challenge.
D. A common experience.
(
B
)27. Why were the black mice with similar genes chosen for the mission?A. They were stronger than white mice.
B. Their similar genes made the experiment data reliable.
C. They could get used to small spaces better.
D. They were easier to train for space tasks.
(
A
)28. (新考法·细节多选)What strict tests did the 300 mice take before being selected as space "astronauts"?①Stay on a turning stick for over 110 seconds.
②Experience multi-directional spinning tests.
③Run through mazes to test navigation ability.
④Live in special temperature-control boxes for 60 days.
A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④
(
B
)29. What can we learn about China's space program from the mission?A. It only focuses on sending humans to space.
B. It is developing step by step with clear goals.
C. It has already finished exploring the moon and Mars.
D. It doesn't care about small animal experiments.
(
D
)30. (新考法·篇章结构)Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?答案
26. B
27. B
28. A
29. B
30. D
27. B
28. A
29. B
30. D
解析
【分析】
本题为阅读理解题，需结合原文信息逐一分析各题：
1. 第26题：通过上下文的“milestone（里程碑）”和“from 0 to 1”，可推断划线词的含义；
2. 第27题：定位到第四段关于黑色老鼠基因的描述，提取实验数据相关的原因；
3. 第28题：定位到第二段，逐一核对300只老鼠的测试内容，排除错误选项；
4. 第29题：根据原文最后一段中国太空计划的目标，推理正确结论；
5. 第30题：梳理文章段落逻辑，判断篇章结构。
【解析】
26. 词义猜测题：前文提到这是中国空间生物学研究的“milestone（里程碑）”，且是“from 0 to 1”的突破，说明该词指重大成就，对应选项B。
27. 细节理解题：第四段明确说明黑色老鼠基因几乎相同，使实验数据准确易比较，因此选B。
28. 细节理解题：第二段提到测试包括①在转杆停留超110秒、②多方向旋转测试、③走迷宫测试导航能力；④“60天严格检查”不是住在温控箱，排除④，选A。
29. 推理判断题：原文提到支持2030年前登月、后续探索火星，说明中国太空计划有明确目标且逐步发展，A、C、D均错误，选B。
30. 篇章结构题：文章第一段总起介绍实验，中间分述选拔、测试等细节，最后总结意义，对应选项D的结构，选D。
【答案】
26.B 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.D
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、推理判断题、篇章结构题
【点评】
本题考查阅读理解的多种题型，需结合原文定位信息分析，注重对文章细节、逻辑的理解，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为阅读理解题，需结合原文信息逐一分析各题：
1. 第26题：通过上下文的“milestone（里程碑）”和“from 0 to 1”，可推断划线词的含义；
2. 第27题：定位到第四段关于黑色老鼠基因的描述，提取实验数据相关的原因；
3. 第28题：定位到第二段，逐一核对300只老鼠的测试内容，排除错误选项；
4. 第29题：根据原文最后一段中国太空计划的目标，推理正确结论；
5. 第30题：梳理文章段落逻辑，判断篇章结构。
【解析】
26. 词义猜测题：前文提到这是中国空间生物学研究的“milestone（里程碑）”，且是“from 0 to 1”的突破，说明该词指重大成就，对应选项B。
27. 细节理解题：第四段明确说明黑色老鼠基因几乎相同，使实验数据准确易比较，因此选B。
28. 细节理解题：第二段提到测试包括①在转杆停留超110秒、②多方向旋转测试、③走迷宫测试导航能力；④“60天严格检查”不是住在温控箱，排除④，选A。
29. 推理判断题：原文提到支持2030年前登月、后续探索火星，说明中国太空计划有明确目标且逐步发展，A、C、D均错误，选B。
30. 篇章结构题：文章第一段总起介绍实验，中间分述选拔、测试等细节，最后总结意义，对应选项D的结构，选D。
【答案】
26.B 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.D
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、推理判断题、篇章结构题
【点评】
本题考查阅读理解的多种题型，需结合原文定位信息分析，注重对文章细节、逻辑的理解，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
