Ⅵ. 中考趋势 信息还原
从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
文化意识 文化理解(2024·西安二模改编)
If a person wants to be a gentleman, he should pay attention to what he does and says.
1. Let's find out the answers from Confucius, one of the greatest teachers in ancient China.
Confucius said, "A gentleman, not caring for food or housing, is hard-working with what he does and careful with what he says and corrects himself with a worthy. 2. "
In the West, people pay too much attention to being eloquent(能言善辩的). They believe that how someone says something is more important than what is said. 3. He believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully, even if that may make people feel bored.
Confucius had such beliefs because he thought that people should follow manners.
4. He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus on their work to improve themselves.
These rules for gentlemen's words and actions have influenced Chinese people for a long time. Today, there are still many Chinese people following them.
5. We are also supposed to view his words critically(批判性地). Choosing our words and actions according to the situation is also a form of wisdom.

A. However, Confucius didn't think so.
B. How do these rules change over time?
C. Then he can be considered as a good learner.
D. There are different answers to this question.
E. But the culture and the society have developed over time.
F. What are the rules for a gentleman on words and actions?
G. He also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do: work hard.

Ⅵ. 1.F 2.C 3.A 4.G 5.E
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成为绅士的言行准则,引用了孔子的观点,强调谨慎选择言辞和勤奋努力的重要性。
1. F 解析:根据前句“If a person wants to be a gentleman, he should pay attention to what he does and says.”以及后句“Let's find out the answers from Confucius”可知,这里是提出问题“绅士的言行准则是什么”,与选项 F“What are the rules for a gentleman on words and actions?”对应,因此选 F。
2. C 解析:根据前句孔子所说“君子食无求饱,居无求安,敏于事而慎于言,就有道而正焉”可知,这样做之后就可以被称为善于学习的人,与选项 C“Then he can be considered as a good learner.”衔接,因此选 C。
3. A 解析:根据前句“In the West, people pay too much attention to being eloquent. They believe that how someone says something is more important than what is said.”以及后句“He believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully”可知,前后是转折关系,西方和孔子观点不同,与选项 A“However, Confucius didn't think so.”对应,因此选 A。
4. G 解析:根据后句“He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus on their work to improve themselves.”可知,这里在讲君子应该勤奋工作,与选项 G“He also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do: work hard.”内容一致,因此选 G。
5. E 解析:根据后句“We are also supposed to view his words critically.”可知,这里表示随着时代发展,我们应该批判性看待,与选项 E“But the culture and the society have developed over time.”衔接自然,因此选 E。

【分析】
这是一篇中考类的七选五阅读还原题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍孔子提出的君子言行相关准则，再逐空结合前后文的逻辑线索匹配选项：
1. 先看第1空，前句点明想成为君子需要留意言行，后句说我们可以从孔子这里找答案，说明空处是抛出和君子言行规则相关的问题，对应匹配选项；
2. 第2空前句引用了孔子关于君子行事勤勉、说话谨慎、主动向贤者修正自身的论述，空处需要顺承该行为的结果，匹配对应选项；
3. 第3空前句介绍西方认为表达的方式比表达的内容更重要，后句说明孔子认为君子要谨慎选择措辞，前后观点完全相反，是转折逻辑，匹配转折类的对应选项；
4. 第4空后句点明君子不能懒惰，要专注于工作提升自我，空处需要引出孔子关于君子要努力的相关观点，匹配对应选项；
5. 第5空后句说明我们要批判性看待孔子的言论，空处需要铺垫当下社会文化已经发展，不能完全照搬旧有准则的前提，匹配对应选项，最后排除两个不符合逻辑的多余选项即可完成作答。
【解析】
1. 根据设空处前句"If a person wants to be a gentleman, he should pay attention to what he does and says."以及后句"Let's find out the answers from Confucius"可知，此处是提出和君子言行准则相关的问题，对应F选项。
2. 设空处前句引用孔子的观点，说明君子做到行事勤勉、说话谨慎、向贤者修正自身的要求，顺承该行为的结果就是可以被称为优秀的学习者，对应C选项。
3. 设空处前句介绍西方推崇能言善辩，认为表达形式比内容更重要，后句孔子的观点和西方完全相反，前后是转折逻辑，对应A选项。
4. 设空处后句说明君子不能懒惰，要专注工作提升自我，对应引出孔子提出的君子要努力的相关主张，对应G选项。
5. 设空处后句提出要批判性看待孔子的言论，前提是文化和社会一直在发展，不能完全沿用旧有规则，对应E选项。
【答案】
1.F 2.C 3.A 4.G 5.E
【知识点】
英语阅读还原，语篇逻辑衔接，传统文化理解
【点评】
本题贴合中考命题趋势，融入了中国传统儒家文化相关内容，侧重考察学生的语篇逻辑梳理能力，解题时需要重点关注前后句的指代、转折、顺承关系，结合主题排除多余干扰选项，同时也能帮助学生加深对孔子相关思想的理解，落实文化意识的核心素养要求。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅶ.书面表达
（2023·无锡中考）青少年在成长过程中会遇到各种问题，为此《21世纪英文报》开设了Teens Talk专栏，倾听读者的心声，并由“少年之友”Sigmund Friend 予以回复。假设你是李华，最近也遇上了一些烦心事，请给该专栏发一封英文邮件，讲述你的烦恼并寻求建议。
注意事项：词数100左右，邮件的开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr Friend,




I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua

Ⅶ. One possible version:
Dear Mr Friend,
I'm writing to you about the problem I'm facing at the moment.
These days I'm not happy. I always argue with my parents. They only care about my schoolwork. The summer holiday is coming. They plan to choose lots of after-school classes for me. But I don't want to take these classes and don't want to be so busy that I would have no time for my hobby. I'm interested in painting. I want to spend more time learning to paint during the holiday. But they disagree with me. I don't know what to do. I also wonder how to improve my relationship with my parents. Can you give me some advice?
I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
思路梳理 审题:本文是一封电子邮件,文章需讲述个人的烦恼以及寻求建议,所以时态为一般现在时。写作步骤:第一步,点明自己遇到了问题。第二步,讲述自己的烦恼并寻求建议。第三步,书写结尾。

【分析】
拿到这道题首先要先审题：这是一篇写给专栏的求助类英文邮件，身份是李华，核心写作要求是讲述自己的成长烦心事、向专栏编辑寻求建议，题干已经给出首尾句不需要额外撰写，词数要求100左右。接下来梳理写作思路：第一步先开篇直接点明写信目的，说明自己正遇到难以解决的问题；第二步选取贴近中学生真实生活的亲子矛盾作为烦恼内容，把矛盾的前因后果讲清楚，内容要真实合理；第三步明确说出自己的困惑，礼貌提出想要获取建议的诉求，自然衔接题干给出的结尾句，全程使用一般现在时即可，注意语气要诚恳符合求助的语境。
【解析】
写作按照三步规范完成：
步骤1：开篇点题，直接说明写信的核心目的，引出后续要讲述的烦恼：I'm writing to you about the problem I'm facing at the moment.
步骤2：具体阐述烦恼细节，先说明自己近期的情绪状态，再清晰交代矛盾：父母只关心自己的学业，暑假打算安排大量课外班，但自己想要留出时间发展绘画爱好，父母并不支持，把冲突点讲清楚，逻辑连贯。
步骤3：明确提出自身的两处困惑，一是不知道该怎么选择，二是想知道如何改善和父母的关系，礼貌请求对方给出建议，自然衔接题干给出的结尾句。
全程注意使用一般现在时，控制总词数在100左右，保证语句通顺无语法错误，符合英文邮件的表达习惯。
【答案】
Dear Mr Friend,
I'm writing to you about the problem I'm facing at the moment.
These days I'm not happy. I always argue with my parents. They only care about my schoolwork. The summer holiday is coming. They plan to choose lots of after-school classes for me. But I don't want to take these classes and don't want to be so busy that I would have no time for my hobby. I'm interested in painting. I want to spend more time learning to paint during the holiday. But they disagree with me. I don't know what to do. I also wonder how to improve my relationship with my parents. Can you give me some advice?
I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】
英文邮件写作；求助类应用文；一般现在时运用
【点评】
本题是中考高频考查的应用文写作题型，话题完全贴合青少年日常成长经历，没有设置过多内容限制，学生有充足的生活素材可以输出，既考查学生的英文表达逻辑、语法运用能力，也引导学生关注成长中的亲子沟通问题，写作时只要紧扣“讲清烦恼+明确求建议”的核心要求，保证语气诚恳、语句连贯，就能拿到不错的分数。
【难度系数】
0.7