二、阅读理解
A(2025苏州常熟期末)
When we look at the earth, we see many different things. Sometimes, you may hear people talk about landform and landscape. Are they the same thing? Let's find out!

A landform is a natural feature of the earth's surface. Think of big mountains that rise high up, low valleys(山谷) between hills, flat plains that go on and on, and sandy deserts. These are all landforms. They are made by nature over a long, long time. For example, mountains are formed when huge pieces of the earth's surface push against(撞) each other. Valleys can be made by rivers cutting through the land little by little. Each landform has a name that tells us what it looks like and how it was formed. Scientists study landforms to learn about the history of the earth.
A landscape, on the other hand, is what you see when you look at an area of land. It includes(包括) landforms, but it also has other things like plants, buildings, and lakes. Imagine standing on top of a hill. You can see green trees waving in the wind, a small village with houses, and a clear lake nearby. All these things together make up the landscape. A landscape can change rapidly. If people build new buildings or cut down a lot of trees, the landscape will look different in just a few months.
Let's take a forest in the mountains as an example. The mountain is the landform—it's a natural feature of the earth. But when you see the tall trees, hear the birds singing, and watch a little stream(溪流) running down the mountain, that's the landscape.
So, the key difference is this: landform is about the natural shapes of the earth, and landscape is about the whole view of an area, including both natural and man-made things. Next time you go on a trip, try to enjoy different landforms and describe the beautiful landscapes around you!
() 1. Which of the following is a landform?
A. A newly-built bridge. B. A flat plain.
C. A group of trees. D. A small house.
() 2. What can we learn from the text about how mountains are formed?
A. They are made by people building up the land.
B. They are formed when rivers cut through the land.
C. They are formed when the earth's plates push into each other.
D. They are formed by heavy rains and strong winds.
() 3. What does the underlined word "rapidly" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Brightly. B. Quickly. C. Powerfully. D. Quietly.
() 4. What does "landscape" usually include?
A. Only landforms. B. Only natural things.
C. Just man-made things. D. Landforms, trees, houses and lakes.
() 5. How does the writer explain the difference between landforms and landscapes?
A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers.
C. By giving examples. D. By asking questions.

【语篇导读】本文主要说明了地貌和风景的概念及两者之间的区别。
1. B 提示:细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句
"Think of big mountains that rise high up, low valleys
between hills, flat plains that go on and on, and
sandy deserts. These are all landforms."可知,巍峨
耸立的高山、丘陵间的低谷、一望无际的平原,以
及广袤的沙漠,这些都是地貌。故B项正确。
2. C 提示:细节理解题。根据第二段第五句"For
example, mountains are formed when huge pieces of
the earth's surface push against each other."可知,山
脉是由地球表面的巨大板块相互碰撞形成的。
3. B 提示:词义猜测题。brightly意为"明亮地";
quickly意为"快速地";powerfully意为"强有力
地";quietly意为"安静地"。根据第三段最后一句
"If people build new buildings or cut down a lot of
trees, the landscape will look different in just a few
months."可知,如果人们新建大量楼房或砍伐大量
树木,短短几个月内风景就会看起来不同,由此推
知,画线词rapidly与quickly同义,意为"快速地"。
4. D 提示:细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"It
includes landforms, but it also has other things like
plants, buildings, and lakes."可知,风景包括地貌,
但也包括如植物、建筑物和湖泊等其他事物。
5. C 提示:推理判断题。通读全文,抓住文章中的
关键信息"For example..."和"Let's take a forest in
the mountains as an example."等可知,作者通过举
例的方式来解释地貌和风景之间的区别。