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四、阅读表达。
Snow forests make up about 30% of the world’s total forest areas. These wonderful woodlands are not as famous as the Amazon rainforests but they are just as important.
Snow forests are found in the far north of the world，in areas that are quite cold and usually have a lot of snowfall. They lie across parts of Canada，China，Finland，Japan，Norway，Russia，Sweden and the USA. Snow forests have very cold winters that can last up to six months. But even so，they are home to many kinds of animals，including foxes，mice and wolves. In the USA and Canada，as many as five billion birds from more than 300 species live in the forests in the breeding(繁殖) season.
These woodlands play an important role—helping to take in harmful gases(气体). The gases are given off by burning coal，oil and gas，which can cause climate change. However，snow forests are facing several problems. Trees are being cut down for their wood，which can be used for building. Some forests are being cleared to make space for new roads and houses，or to allow coal and gas factories to grow. What’s worse，as the world gets warmer，Canada and Russia have seen terrible fires spread through the forests.
Luckily，environmental and wildlife groups around the world are working hard to protect snow forests. This means that cutting down trees is controlled in some areas and the forests are seen as areas of special scientific research. When wood is needed，replanting plans and careful forest management help to reduce the human influence so that the forests are managed in a way that they can develop and regrow.
1. Which countries do snow forests lie across?
2. Why are snow forests important?
3. What brings the problems to snow forests?
4. 新考法 观点态度 What does the writer think of the future of snow forests?
5. What’s the purpose of the passage?
Snow forests make up about 30% of the world’s total forest areas. These wonderful woodlands are not as famous as the Amazon rainforests but they are just as important.
Snow forests are found in the far north of the world，in areas that are quite cold and usually have a lot of snowfall. They lie across parts of Canada，China，Finland，Japan，Norway，Russia，Sweden and the USA. Snow forests have very cold winters that can last up to six months. But even so，they are home to many kinds of animals，including foxes，mice and wolves. In the USA and Canada，as many as five billion birds from more than 300 species live in the forests in the breeding(繁殖) season.
These woodlands play an important role—helping to take in harmful gases(气体). The gases are given off by burning coal，oil and gas，which can cause climate change. However，snow forests are facing several problems. Trees are being cut down for their wood，which can be used for building. Some forests are being cleared to make space for new roads and houses，or to allow coal and gas factories to grow. What’s worse，as the world gets warmer，Canada and Russia have seen terrible fires spread through the forests.
Luckily，environmental and wildlife groups around the world are working hard to protect snow forests. This means that cutting down trees is controlled in some areas and the forests are seen as areas of special scientific research. When wood is needed，replanting plans and careful forest management help to reduce the human influence so that the forests are managed in a way that they can develop and regrow.
1. Which countries do snow forests lie across?
Canada, China, Finland, Japan, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the USA.
2. Why are snow forests important?
Because they are home to many kinds of animals and help take in harmful gases.
3. What brings the problems to snow forests?
Cutting down trees./Human activities.
4. 新考法 观点态度 What does the writer think of the future of snow forests?
Hopeful.
5. What’s the purpose of the passage?
To call on people to protect snow forests.
答案
1. Canada, China, Finland, Japan, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the USA.
2. Because they are home to many kinds of animals and help take in harmful gases.
3. Cutting down trees./Human activities.
4. Hopeful.
5. To call on people to protect snow forests.
2. Because they are home to many kinds of animals and help take in harmful gases.
3. Cutting down trees./Human activities.
4. Hopeful.
5. To call on people to protect snow forests.
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题：解题思路是定位到文章介绍雪林分布的段落，找到明确列出国家的句子，直接提取答案即可。
2. 第2题：需要梳理雪林的重要性，从文中找到关于雪林作用的描述，包括作为动物栖息地和吸收有害气体这两点，整合起来作答。
3. 第3题：要分析雪林面临问题的来源，文中提到砍伐树木、清理森林用于建设、工厂扩张以及火灾等，这些都属于人类活动或砍伐树木带来的影响，据此归纳答案。
4. 第4题：判断作者态度，需关注文章最后一段的内容，文中提到有环保组织在努力保护雪林，还有相关保护措施，由此推断作者对雪林的未来是抱有希望的。
5. 第5题：分析文章目的，文章先介绍雪林的基本情况和重要性，再讲其面临的危机，最后讲保护行动，整体是为了呼吁人们保护雪林，据此总结主旨意图。
【解析】
1. 根据文章第二段“They lie across parts of Canada，China，Finland，Japan，Norway，Russia，Sweden and the USA.”，直接提取这些国家名称作为答案。
2. 从第二段“they are home to many kinds of animals”和第三段“These woodlands play an important role—helping to take in harmful gases.”可知，雪林的重要性体现在两点：是多种动物的栖息地，还能吸收有害气体，整合这两点作答。
3. 文章第三段提到“Trees are being cut down... Some forests are being cleared to make space for new roads and houses，or to allow coal and gas factories to grow.”以及气候变暖引发的火灾，这些问题都源于人类活动或砍伐树木，因此答案为Cutting down trees./Human activities.
4. 最后一段“Luckily，environmental and wildlife groups around the world are working hard to protect snow forests.”以及后续的保护措施，表明作者认为雪林的未来是有希望的，所以答案为Hopeful。
5. 文章通过介绍雪林的重要性、面临的问题以及保护行动，目的是呼吁人们保护雪林，据此得出答案。
【答案】
1. Canada, China, Finland, Japan, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the USA.
2. Because they are home to many kinds of animals and help take in harmful gases.
3. Cutting down trees./Human activities.
4. Hopeful.
5. To call on people to protect snow forests.
【知识点】
细节信息查找、推理判断、主旨意图归纳
【点评】
本题围绕雪林这一说明对象，设置了细节提取、推理判断、主旨归纳类题目，考查学生对说明文文本信息的定位、整合和理解能力，题目难度适中，引导学生关注生态保护类话题，提升阅读理解素养。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题：解题思路是定位到文章介绍雪林分布的段落，找到明确列出国家的句子，直接提取答案即可。
2. 第2题：需要梳理雪林的重要性，从文中找到关于雪林作用的描述，包括作为动物栖息地和吸收有害气体这两点，整合起来作答。
3. 第3题：要分析雪林面临问题的来源，文中提到砍伐树木、清理森林用于建设、工厂扩张以及火灾等，这些都属于人类活动或砍伐树木带来的影响，据此归纳答案。
4. 第4题：判断作者态度，需关注文章最后一段的内容，文中提到有环保组织在努力保护雪林，还有相关保护措施，由此推断作者对雪林的未来是抱有希望的。
5. 第5题：分析文章目的，文章先介绍雪林的基本情况和重要性，再讲其面临的危机，最后讲保护行动，整体是为了呼吁人们保护雪林，据此总结主旨意图。
【解析】
1. 根据文章第二段“They lie across parts of Canada，China，Finland，Japan，Norway，Russia，Sweden and the USA.”，直接提取这些国家名称作为答案。
2. 从第二段“they are home to many kinds of animals”和第三段“These woodlands play an important role—helping to take in harmful gases.”可知，雪林的重要性体现在两点：是多种动物的栖息地，还能吸收有害气体，整合这两点作答。
3. 文章第三段提到“Trees are being cut down... Some forests are being cleared to make space for new roads and houses，or to allow coal and gas factories to grow.”以及气候变暖引发的火灾，这些问题都源于人类活动或砍伐树木，因此答案为Cutting down trees./Human activities.
4. 最后一段“Luckily，environmental and wildlife groups around the world are working hard to protect snow forests.”以及后续的保护措施，表明作者认为雪林的未来是有希望的，所以答案为Hopeful。
5. 文章通过介绍雪林的重要性、面临的问题以及保护行动，目的是呼吁人们保护雪林，据此得出答案。
【答案】
1. Canada, China, Finland, Japan, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the USA.
2. Because they are home to many kinds of animals and help take in harmful gases.
3. Cutting down trees./Human activities.
4. Hopeful.
5. To call on people to protect snow forests.
【知识点】
细节信息查找、推理判断、主旨意图归纳
【点评】
本题围绕雪林这一说明对象，设置了细节提取、推理判断、主旨归纳类题目，考查学生对说明文文本信息的定位、整合和理解能力，题目难度适中，引导学生关注生态保护类话题，提升阅读理解素养。
【难度系数】
0.6
