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一、完形填空人与自我——逆境激发潜力
阅读下面的短文，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Once a child came to stay with his grandfather during his summer holidays.
One day he said to his grandpa, “When I 1, I want to become a successful man. Can you tell me some ways to be successful?” Grandpa nodded 2 and took the boy to a nearby plant nursery(苗圃). They bought two small plants and brought them home. They planted one plant in a pot and kept 3 inside the house. Then they planted the other one outside the house.
“What do you think? Which of these two plants will grow 4 in the future?” Grandpa asked the boy. The boy said, “The plant inside the house will grow bigger 5 it is safe from every danger. While the plant outside is at risk of many things like 6 sunlight, storms and animals.” Grandpa smiled and said, “Let’s see what happens in the future.”
A few days later, the boy 7 with his parents. After four years, when they came again to visit the grandfather, the boy said, “Last time I asked you some ways to be 8, but you did not tell me.” Grandpa smiled and said, “Sure, let’s first take a look at the plants that we bought last time.” They first went to see the plant kept 9 the house and saw that the plant had grown into a small tree. Then he took the boy to look at the plant outside and there they saw that a 10 tree stood in front of them. Its branches spread far and wide, providing shade to the passersby.
The boy shouted with great 11, “But Grandpa! How is this possible? The plant outside would have faced so many dangers. Still, it grew so big!” “Yes, but those challenges made its roots stronger. It also had the 12 to spread its roots as much as it wanted. If you always make comfortable choices, then you will not be able to grow as you can. If you are ready to face this world despite all the dangers, then no goal is 13,” Grandpa smiled and said.
Success requires overcoming challenges and difficulties rather than 14 them. We should remember that only when facing adversity(逆境) and risks can we 15 show our potential and strength. The greater your storm, the brighter your rainbow!
()1. A. look up B. stand up C. show up D. grow up
()2. A. sorry B. yes C. goodbye D. no
()3. A. them B. him C. her D. it
()4. A. smoother B. drier C. better D. greener
()5. A. unless B. because C. though D. when
()6. A. strong B. warm C. kind D. soft
()7. A. left B. arrived C. played D. worked
()8. A. helpful B. beautiful C. successful D. careful
()9. A. outside B. on C. inside D. beside
()10. A. tiny B. thin C. lovely D. huge
()11. A. joy B. surprise C. anger D. pity
( 12. A. freedom B. kindness C. direction D. creativity
( 13. A. unbelievable B. independent C. inexpensive D. impossible
( 14. A. avoiding B. affording C. admiring D. accepting
( 15. A. possibly B. luckily C. truly D. simply
阅读下面的短文，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Once a child came to stay with his grandfather during his summer holidays.
One day he said to his grandpa, “When I 1, I want to become a successful man. Can you tell me some ways to be successful?” Grandpa nodded 2 and took the boy to a nearby plant nursery(苗圃). They bought two small plants and brought them home. They planted one plant in a pot and kept 3 inside the house. Then they planted the other one outside the house.
“What do you think? Which of these two plants will grow 4 in the future?” Grandpa asked the boy. The boy said, “The plant inside the house will grow bigger 5 it is safe from every danger. While the plant outside is at risk of many things like 6 sunlight, storms and animals.” Grandpa smiled and said, “Let’s see what happens in the future.”
A few days later, the boy 7 with his parents. After four years, when they came again to visit the grandfather, the boy said, “Last time I asked you some ways to be 8, but you did not tell me.” Grandpa smiled and said, “Sure, let’s first take a look at the plants that we bought last time.” They first went to see the plant kept 9 the house and saw that the plant had grown into a small tree. Then he took the boy to look at the plant outside and there they saw that a 10 tree stood in front of them. Its branches spread far and wide, providing shade to the passersby.
The boy shouted with great 11, “But Grandpa! How is this possible? The plant outside would have faced so many dangers. Still, it grew so big!” “Yes, but those challenges made its roots stronger. It also had the 12 to spread its roots as much as it wanted. If you always make comfortable choices, then you will not be able to grow as you can. If you are ready to face this world despite all the dangers, then no goal is 13,” Grandpa smiled and said.
Success requires overcoming challenges and difficulties rather than 14 them. We should remember that only when facing adversity(逆境) and risks can we 15 show our potential and strength. The greater your storm, the brighter your rainbow!
()1. A. look up B. stand up C. show up D. grow up
()2. A. sorry B. yes C. goodbye D. no
()3. A. them B. him C. her D. it
()4. A. smoother B. drier C. better D. greener
()5. A. unless B. because C. though D. when
()6. A. strong B. warm C. kind D. soft
()7. A. left B. arrived C. played D. worked
()8. A. helpful B. beautiful C. successful D. careful
()9. A. outside B. on C. inside D. beside
()10. A. tiny B. thin C. lovely D. huge
()11. A. joy B. surprise C. anger D. pity
( 12. A. freedom B. kindness C. direction D. creativity
( 13. A. unbelievable B. independent C. inexpensive D. impossible
( 14. A. avoiding B. affording C. admiring D. accepting
( 15. A. possibly B. luckily C. truly D. simply
答案
1-5. DBDCB 6-10. AACCD 11-15. BADAC
【完形填空】
文章通过爷爷让孙子观察分别种在室内和室外的两株植物的成长结果这一故事,生动地阐明了一个道理:安逸舒适的环境会限制成长,而外界的风雨挑战反而能让人扎根更深、变得更强大。真正的成功来自于勇敢面对而非逃避困难,逆境最能激发一个人的全部潜力。
第12题:题目要求解释室外植物长得更好的根本原因。根据后文爷爷的总结“If you always make comfortable choices ... If you are ready to face this world ...”,以及植物生长的常识,室内植物受花盆空间限制,而室外植物拥有自由伸展根系的空间。“freedom”(自由)最准确地概括了这种不受限制、自主发展的核心条件,这是它变得强大的关键。
第13题:这是爷爷总结观点的核心句,具有格言性质。句子结构“If ..., then no goal is ______”表示“如果……,那么就没有目标是__________的”。根据前文勇敢面对危险的语境,这里应填入一个表示“无法实现”的词,构成“没有目标是不可能实现的”这一激励性结论。
第15题:题目考查在特定语境下副词的准确使用。前文论述了“只有面对逆境和风险,我们才能……展现潜力”。“truly”(真正地)强调在逆境中,潜力才能被充分、真实、彻底地展现出来,这与文章“逆境激发真正力量”的核心观点高度一致。
【完形填空】
文章通过爷爷让孙子观察分别种在室内和室外的两株植物的成长结果这一故事,生动地阐明了一个道理:安逸舒适的环境会限制成长,而外界的风雨挑战反而能让人扎根更深、变得更强大。真正的成功来自于勇敢面对而非逃避困难,逆境最能激发一个人的全部潜力。
第12题:题目要求解释室外植物长得更好的根本原因。根据后文爷爷的总结“If you always make comfortable choices ... If you are ready to face this world ...”,以及植物生长的常识,室内植物受花盆空间限制,而室外植物拥有自由伸展根系的空间。“freedom”(自由)最准确地概括了这种不受限制、自主发展的核心条件,这是它变得强大的关键。
第13题:这是爷爷总结观点的核心句,具有格言性质。句子结构“If ..., then no goal is ______”表示“如果……,那么就没有目标是__________的”。根据前文勇敢面对危险的语境,这里应填入一个表示“无法实现”的词,构成“没有目标是不可能实现的”这一激励性结论。
第15题:题目考查在特定语境下副词的准确使用。前文论述了“只有面对逆境和风险,我们才能……展现潜力”。“truly”(真正地)强调在逆境中,潜力才能被充分、真实、彻底地展现出来,这与文章“逆境激发真正力量”的核心观点高度一致。
解析
【分析】做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨（本文核心是逆境激发潜力），再逐题结合语境、词义辨析、逻辑关系解题：先理解每空前后的语义关联，再匹配选项，最后验证整体逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】1. 根据语境“当我______时想成为成功的人”，grow up（长大）符合，选D；2. 爷爷点头同意，nodded yes，选B；3. 指代前文的one plant，用it，选D；4. 询问两株植物哪个长得更好，better符合，选C；5. 室内植物安全是长得大的原因，用because表因果，选B；6. 室外植物面临强阳光，strong修饰sunlight，选A；7. 几天后男孩和父母离开，left符合，选A；8. 之前问的是成功的方法，successful对应，选C；9. 看室内的植物，inside符合，选C；10. 室外植物长成大树，huge符合，选D；11. 男孩对结果感到惊讶，surprise符合，选B；12. 室外植物有自由扎根的空间，freedom符合，选A；13. 句意“没有目标是不可能实现的”，impossible符合，选D；14. 成功是克服而非逃避困难，avoiding符合，选A；15. 只有逆境才能真正展现潜力，truly符合，选C。
【答案】1-5.DBDCB；6-10.AACCD；11-15.BADAC
【知识点】完形填空、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】本文通过室内外两株植物的成长对比，生动阐释了“逆境激发潜力，成功需直面挑战”的道理，解题需紧扣上下文语境、词义差异及文章主旨，是考查基础语言运用能力的典型完形题型。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 根据语境“当我______时想成为成功的人”，grow up（长大）符合，选D；2. 爷爷点头同意，nodded yes，选B；3. 指代前文的one plant，用it，选D；4. 询问两株植物哪个长得更好，better符合，选C；5. 室内植物安全是长得大的原因，用because表因果，选B；6. 室外植物面临强阳光，strong修饰sunlight，选A；7. 几天后男孩和父母离开，left符合，选A；8. 之前问的是成功的方法，successful对应，选C；9. 看室内的植物，inside符合，选C；10. 室外植物长成大树，huge符合，选D；11. 男孩对结果感到惊讶，surprise符合，选B；12. 室外植物有自由扎根的空间，freedom符合，选A；13. 句意“没有目标是不可能实现的”，impossible符合，选D；14. 成功是克服而非逃避困难，avoiding符合，选A；15. 只有逆境才能真正展现潜力，truly符合，选C。
【答案】1-5.DBDCB；6-10.AACCD；11-15.BADAC
【知识点】完形填空、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】本文通过室内外两株植物的成长对比，生动阐释了“逆境激发潜力，成功需直面挑战”的道理，解题需紧扣上下文语境、词义差异及文章主旨，是考查基础语言运用能力的典型完形题型。
【难度系数】0.6
