Passage 1
[2025 四川德阳中考]Night schools are nothing new today. Li Mei is 1. engineer in the day. But in the evening, she becomes a student at a night school in Chengdu. She is trying new 2. (hobby) with her 5-year-old son, such as cooking and singing. She used to spend evenings 3. (watch) her son play in the park. Now she can try new things with him at a night school.
A growing number of Chinese people go to night schools. They can learn 4. (color) things, from art 5. sports, for free. Young people 6. want to look for new skills and friends go to night schools.
In the 1980s, many people 7. (go) to night schools for further education. However, night schools were gone because more people got higher education. Some new night schools came to Shanghai last autumn. Then more night schools 8. (quick) appeared in other cities. For example, Miss Wang from Deyang thinks that night schools are good places for her 9. (make) friends. “I used to spend much of my time alone. I have felt more connected with modern society since I became a student of the night school,” she said.
Young people wish to make themselves better so that 10. (they) daily lives can be meaningful. That has made night schools develop rapidly.

1. an 句意为:李梅(音译)在白天是一名工程师。此处泛指一名工程师,engineer的发音以元音音素开头,空处应用不定冠词an。故填an。
2. hobbies 句意为:她正和5岁的儿子尝试新的爱好,比如烹饪和唱歌。根据such as cooking and singing可知,此处指不止一项爱好,空处应用hobby的复数形式,故填hobbies。
3. watching 句意为:她过去常常在晚上花时间看着儿子在公园里玩耍。spend time doing sth.意为"花费时间做某事",是固定搭配。故填watching。
4. colorful 句意为:他们可以免费学习丰富多彩的东西,从艺术到体育。空后是名词things,空处应用color的形容词形式作定语。故填colorful。
5. to "from...to..."意为"从……到……",是固定搭配。故填to。
6. who/that 句意为:想要寻找新技能和新朋友的年轻人上夜校。分析句子可知,设空引导定语从句且在从句中作主语,先行词Young people指人,故填who/that。
7. went 句意为:在20世纪80年代,许多人去夜校进修。根据In the 1980s可知,句子用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,故填went。
8. quickly 句意为:随后,更多夜校在其他城市迅速出现。空处修饰动词appeared,应用quick的副词形式quickly。故填quickly。
9. to make 句意为:例如,来自德阳的王女士认为夜校是她结交朋友的好地方。空处应用动词不定式作后置定语,故填to make。
10. their 句意为:年轻人希望让自己变得更好,这样他们的日常生活会有意义。空处应用they的形容词性物主代词their修饰名词。故填their。

【分析】这是一篇介绍中国夜校发展的英语语法填空题，解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，再结合每个空格的语境、语法规则、固定搭配逐一分析：如冠词选用需考虑泛指及元音音素，名词复数要依据语境判断数量，动词形式需结合固定搭配、时态、词性转换等，从而确定每个空的正确形式。
【解析】1. 此处泛指“一名工程师”，engineer发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an；2. 根据后文列举的烹饪、唱歌两项爱好，可知此处需用hobby的复数形式hobbies；3. 固定搭配spend time doing sth.，故填watching；4. 此处修饰名词things，需用color的形容词形式colorful；5. 固定搭配from...to...，表示“从……到……”，故填to；6. 先行词Young people指人，定语从句中缺主语，故用关系代词who/that；7. 时间状语In the 1980s提示用一般过去时，故填go的过去式went；8. 此处修饰动词appeared，需用quick的副词形式quickly；9. 此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰places，故填to make；10. 此处修饰名词daily lives，需用they的形容词性物主代词their。
【答案】1.an 2.hobbies 3.watching 4.colorful 5.to 6.who/that 7.went 8.quickly 9.to make 10.their
【知识点】冠词的用法、名词复数、动词形式
【点评】本题为英语语法填空，围绕夜校话题展开，考查初中核心语法知识，结合语境与固定搭配即可解答，注重基础语法的实际应用，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

Passage 2
新素材中国文化:鸡叫城
[2025 湖南中考]Long, long ago, there was a city called Jijiaocheng, so named because it was said to have been built at daybreak. 1. city was on the rich Liyang Plain (平原). Many waterways 2. (provide) water for crop fields and the people living inside and outside of the city.
The rulers of Jijiaocheng asked people 3. (cut) down trees in the mountains. The wood was shipped by 4. (worker) to the city for tall buildings. Standing in them, the city’s rulers would be able to see 5. (they) people and crop fields between the waterways. In autumn, plenty of rice was brought to the city.
This is not some bedtime story. It 6. (real) took place around 4,500 years ago.
Thousands of years later, the once busy 7. rich Jijiaocheng, which is now in a town of Hunan, came to the notice of the modern world. With the help of archaeologists (考古学家) and historians, artists painted recreations of life in Jijiaocheng in a 8. (tradition) scroll (卷轴).
The scroll was part of a huge project. A group of artists spent two years 9. it. It includes eight paintings, which are 140 meters long in total. It 10. (show) early human activities on the Liyang Plain and the prehistoric culture in Hunan.

1. The 句意为:这个城市在富饶的澧阳平原。此处特指上文提到的城市,应用定冠词the,且句首单词首字母大写。故填The。
2. provided 句意为:许多水路为农田和生活在城内城外的居民提供水源。根据上下文可知,时态为一般过去时。故填provided。
3. to cut 句意为:鸡叫城的统治者让人们砍伐山中的树木。固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.表示"要求某人做某事"。故填to cut。
4. workers 句意为:木材被工人们运到城里建造高楼。worker表示"工人",为可数名词,空前无限定词,应用其复数形式workers。故填workers。
5. their 句意为:站在高楼里,这座城市的统治者将能看到水路间的百姓和农田。空后的people为名词,应用形容词性物主代词修饰,故填their。
6. really 句意为:它确实发生在约4,500年前。空处应用副词修饰动词短语,故填really。
7. and 句意为:数千年后,曾经繁忙又富饶的鸡叫城,现在位于湖南的一座城镇中,引起了现代世界的关注。分析句子可知,busy和rich为并列关系,应用and连接。故填and。
8. traditional 句意为:在考古学家和历史学家的帮助下,艺术家们在传统卷轴上画出了鸡叫城的昔日生活。scroll为名词,需要用形容词修饰。故填traditional。
9. on 句意为:一群艺术家在这个项目上花了两年时间。固定搭配spend time on sth.表示"在某物上花费时间"。故填on。
10. shows 句意为:它展现了澧阳平原的早期人类活动和湖南的史前文化。本句描述客观事实,时态为一般现在时,主语It为第三人称单数,故填shows。

【分析】本题为英语语法填空题，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配逐一分析解题：1. 第1题特指上文提到的鸡叫城，需用定冠词；2. 第2题根据上下文时态（一般过去时），动词用过去式；3. 第3题考查固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.，需用不定式；4. 第4题worker为可数名词，此处表泛指，需用复数；5. 第5题修饰名词people，需用形容词性物主代词；6. 第6题修饰动词短语，需用副词；7. 第7题连接并列形容词，需用并列连词；8. 第8题修饰名词scroll，需用形容词；9. 第9题考查固定搭配spend time on sth.，需用介词；10. 第10题描述客观事实，一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。
【解析】1. 句意为：这个城市在富饶的澧阳平原。此处特指上文提到的城市，应用定冠词the，句首首字母大写，故填The。2. 句意为：许多水路为农田和生活在城内城外的居民提供水源。根据上下文时态为一般过去时，故填provided。3. 句意为：鸡叫城的统治者让人们砍伐山中的树木。固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，故填to cut。4. 句意为：木材被工人们运到城里建造高楼。worker为可数名词，空前无限定词，应用复数形式，故填workers。5. 句意为：站在高楼里，这座城市的统治者将能看到水路间的百姓和农田。空后为名词people，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，故填their。6. 句意为：它确实发生在约4500年前。空处修饰动词短语took place，应用副词，故填really。7. 句意为：数千年后，曾经繁忙又富饶的鸡叫城，现在位于湖南的一座城镇中，引起了现代世界的关注。busy和rich为并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。8. 句意为：在考古学家和历史学家的帮助下，艺术家们在传统卷轴上画出了鸡叫城的昔日生活。scroll为名词，需用形容词修饰，故填traditional。9. 句意为：一群艺术家在这个项目上花了两年时间。固定搭配spend time on sth.表示“在某物上花费时间”，故填on。10. 句意为：它展现了澧阳平原的早期人类活动和湖南的史前文化。本句描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，故填shows。
【答案】1. The 2. provided 3. to cut 4. workers 5. their 6. really 7. and 8. traditional 9. on 10. shows
【知识点】冠词用法、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】本题以中国文化素材“鸡叫城”为背景，考查初中英语核心语法点，注重基础应用，是中考常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7