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阅读理解。
A new study shows that squirrels(松鼠) will climb higher and spend more time getting their favourite food. These little animals are quite smart and know which food tastes best.
Scientists from the University of Exeter have found that wild grey squirrels are ready to work harder for better food. Most animals usually eat what is easiest to reach, but squirrels' love for tasty food drops only a little when delicious food is hard to find.
In the study, scientists set up poles(杆) of different heights with small platforms holding different kinds of food. Squirrels could easily climb a wooden pole to get pumpkin seeds, or climb a taller, more slippery plastic pole to get almonds(扁桃仁)—their favourite food. During the study, 11 squirrels made over 4,000 choices. When facing a difficult climb, scientists found that the squirrels did not mind spending more time getting the almonds.
The results help scientists learn how wild animals decide how much time and energy to spend on food and other daily needs. Yavanna Burnham, one of the researchers in the study, said, "Sometimes it is helpful for animals to wait or work harder for a better result."
The study also found that a squirrel's social status in its group influences its decisions. Squirrels with lower social places are more likely to choose food that is easy to reach. This is because if they spend too much time on tasty food, stronger squirrels may come and take it away. Small animals in nature often face such difficult choices in their daily lives. Every living thing has its own way to live in the wild.
"Just like humans, squirrels will change their actions to get what they need in different situations(情况)," the scientists said.
（素材来源：The Week Junior UK）
1. 创新考法 行文方式 How does the writer start the whole passage?
A. By showing a new research finding.
B. By telling a short, moving animal story.
C. By asking several interesting questions.
D. By listing different kinds of wild animals.
2. What can we know about almonds from Paragraph 3?
A. They are squirrels' most-liked food.
B. They are hidden in dark and quiet corners.
C. They are cheap and common food.
D. They are easy to get on short wooden poles.
3. What is true about wild small animals according to Paragraph 5?
A. They can share food with others freely.
B. They have to make hard choices in life.
C. They always live an easy life in the wild.
D. They sometimes get food from their parents.
4. What is the writer's main purpose in writing the text?
A. To ask people to feed squirrels tasty food.
B. To introduce a new study about squirrels.
C. To show how to protect wild forest animals.
D. To explain why all animals love sweet food.
A new study shows that squirrels(松鼠) will climb higher and spend more time getting their favourite food. These little animals are quite smart and know which food tastes best.
Scientists from the University of Exeter have found that wild grey squirrels are ready to work harder for better food. Most animals usually eat what is easiest to reach, but squirrels' love for tasty food drops only a little when delicious food is hard to find.
In the study, scientists set up poles(杆) of different heights with small platforms holding different kinds of food. Squirrels could easily climb a wooden pole to get pumpkin seeds, or climb a taller, more slippery plastic pole to get almonds(扁桃仁)—their favourite food. During the study, 11 squirrels made over 4,000 choices. When facing a difficult climb, scientists found that the squirrels did not mind spending more time getting the almonds.
The results help scientists learn how wild animals decide how much time and energy to spend on food and other daily needs. Yavanna Burnham, one of the researchers in the study, said, "Sometimes it is helpful for animals to wait or work harder for a better result."
The study also found that a squirrel's social status in its group influences its decisions. Squirrels with lower social places are more likely to choose food that is easy to reach. This is because if they spend too much time on tasty food, stronger squirrels may come and take it away. Small animals in nature often face such difficult choices in their daily lives. Every living thing has its own way to live in the wild.
"Just like humans, squirrels will change their actions to get what they need in different situations(情况)," the scientists said.
（素材来源：The Week Junior UK）
1. 创新考法 行文方式 How does the writer start the whole passage?
A. By showing a new research finding.
B. By telling a short, moving animal story.
C. By asking several interesting questions.
D. By listing different kinds of wild animals.
2. What can we know about almonds from Paragraph 3?
A. They are squirrels' most-liked food.
B. They are hidden in dark and quiet corners.
C. They are cheap and common food.
D. They are easy to get on short wooden poles.
3. What is true about wild small animals according to Paragraph 5?
A. They can share food with others freely.
B. They have to make hard choices in life.
C. They always live an easy life in the wild.
D. They sometimes get food from their parents.
4. What is the writer's main purpose in writing the text?
A. To ask people to feed squirrels tasty food.
B. To introduce a new study about squirrels.
C. To show how to protect wild forest animals.
D. To explain why all animals love sweet food.
答案
外刊阅读拓展
1. A 行文方式题。由首句“A new study shows that squirrels will climb higher and spend more time getting their favourite food.”可知，文章以介绍新的研究结果开篇。
2. A 细节理解题。由第三段中“... more slippery plastic pole to get almonds—their favourite food.”可知，扁桃仁是松鼠最喜爱的食物。
3. B 细节理解题。由第五段中“Small animals in nature often face such difficult choices ...”可知，野外的小动物时常要面临艰难的生存选择。
4. B 推理判断题。文章全程围绕埃克塞特大学的松鼠相关研究展开介绍，由此可知，本文目的在于介绍一项关于松鼠的新的研究结果。
1. A 行文方式题。由首句“A new study shows that squirrels will climb higher and spend more time getting their favourite food.”可知，文章以介绍新的研究结果开篇。
2. A 细节理解题。由第三段中“... more slippery plastic pole to get almonds—their favourite food.”可知，扁桃仁是松鼠最喜爱的食物。
3. B 细节理解题。由第五段中“Small animals in nature often face such difficult choices ...”可知，野外的小动物时常要面临艰难的生存选择。
4. B 推理判断题。文章全程围绕埃克塞特大学的松鼠相关研究展开介绍，由此可知，本文目的在于介绍一项关于松鼠的新的研究结果。
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题是行文方式题，需关注文章开篇内容，通过首句判断作者开篇方式；
2. 第2题是细节理解题，需定位第三段关于扁桃仁的描述提取关键信息；
3. 第3题是细节理解题，需定位第五段关于野外小动物的内容找对应表述；
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需梳理全文核心内容判断作者写作目的。
【解析】
1. 第1题：文章开篇第一句“A new study shows that squirrels will climb higher and spend more time getting their favourite food.”直接介绍新的研究发现，因此作者以展示新研究结果开篇，选A；
2. 第2题：根据第三段“... more slippery plastic pole to get almonds—their favourite food.”可知，扁桃仁是松鼠最喜爱的食物，选A；
3. 第3题：根据第五段“Small animals in nature often face such difficult choices in their daily lives.”可知，野外小动物时常要面临艰难的生存选择，选B；
4. 第4题：全文围绕埃克塞特大学关于松鼠的新研究展开，介绍研究过程、结果及意义，因此作者的写作目的是介绍这项关于松鼠的新研究，选B。
【答案】
1. A
2. A
3. B
4. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题、行文方式题
【点评】
本文是一篇关于松鼠行为研究的外刊阅读材料，题型涵盖行文方式、细节理解和主旨大意，需要学生快速定位原文关键信息，准确把握文章核心内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.3
1. 第1题是行文方式题，需关注文章开篇内容，通过首句判断作者开篇方式；
2. 第2题是细节理解题，需定位第三段关于扁桃仁的描述提取关键信息；
3. 第3题是细节理解题，需定位第五段关于野外小动物的内容找对应表述；
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需梳理全文核心内容判断作者写作目的。
【解析】
1. 第1题：文章开篇第一句“A new study shows that squirrels will climb higher and spend more time getting their favourite food.”直接介绍新的研究发现，因此作者以展示新研究结果开篇，选A；
2. 第2题：根据第三段“... more slippery plastic pole to get almonds—their favourite food.”可知，扁桃仁是松鼠最喜爱的食物，选A；
3. 第3题：根据第五段“Small animals in nature often face such difficult choices in their daily lives.”可知，野外小动物时常要面临艰难的生存选择，选B；
4. 第4题：全文围绕埃克塞特大学关于松鼠的新研究展开，介绍研究过程、结果及意义，因此作者的写作目的是介绍这项关于松鼠的新研究，选B。
【答案】
1. A
2. A
3. B
4. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题、行文方式题
【点评】
本文是一篇关于松鼠行为研究的外刊阅读材料，题型涵盖行文方式、细节理解和主旨大意，需要学生快速定位原文关键信息，准确把握文章核心内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.3
