Ⅳ. Complete the dialogue with the proper form of the words in the box.
real, pleasure, pioneer, invent, daily
Paul: Hey, Jenny, the subject for my school project is “Small inventions that changed the world”. Can you help think of an invention?
Jenny: With 1. ! Let me think... hmm... I know! The zipper(拉链)!
Paul: The zipper? Is it 2. such a great invention?
Jenny: Think about how often it's used in our 3. lives. You can see zippers on dresses, trousers, shoes, bags... almost everywhere! I saw a website last week. The 4. of different inventions were listed there. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was 5. by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn't used widely.
Paul: So when did it become popular?
Jenny: Around 1917.
Paul: Oh, got it. Thanks.

1. pleasure 2. really 3. daily 4. pioneers 5. invented

【分析】
本题为对话型词汇填空，需结合语境、固定搭配及语法知识，选用方框内单词的适当形式填空。解题思路：1. 第1空考查日常交际固定搭配；2. 第2空需用副词修饰名词性短语，涉及词性转换；3. 第3空需用形容词修饰名词；4. 第4空需根据语境用名词复数；5. 第5空需用被动语态的过去分词形式。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配：With pleasure是日常交际常用表达，意为“乐意帮忙”，符合语境，故填pleasure。
2. 词性转换：此处需副词修饰“such a great invention”，形容词real的副词形式为really，故填really。
3. 形容词作定语：修饰名词lives，构成固定搭配daily lives（日常生活），符合语境，故填daily。
4. 名词复数：根据“different inventions”可知对应多个先驱，名词pioneer需用复数形式pioneers，故填pioneers。
5. 被动语态：拉链是被发明，被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”，invent的过去分词为invented，故填invented。
【答案】
1. pleasure 2. really 3. daily 4. pioneers 5. invented
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合对话语境考查词汇的正确形式，涵盖日常交际用语、词性变化及基础语法，是初中英语常见题型，注重词汇在实际语境中的运用，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅴ. Complete the passage with proper words or the proper form of the words in brackets.
Albert Einstein once said, “I am only passionately curious.” History shows that curiosity leads to great discoveries. For example, Benjamin Franklin's curiosity 1. electricity drove him to fly a kite during a storm. This brave experiment helped him 2. (discover) how lightning works, and he invented the lightning rod 3. (protect) buildings.
Another story comes from China. Wan Hu, a man in the Ming Dynasty, was so curious about space 4. he built a “flying chair” with rockets. 5. his test failed, his courage inspired future scientists to find safer ways to explore space.
Curiosity also helps people achieve goals. Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist, spent years 6. (study) the earth and sky. His curiosity led to important inventions, like the 7. (one) earthquake detector and a detailed star map.
8. Jacques Cousteau said, “Curiosity is the key to learning nature's secrets.” From Franklin's lightning rod 9. Zhang Heng's tools, curiosity pushes us to make discoveries, take risks, and solve problems. It 10. (true) opens doors to new worlds!

1. about 2. (to) discover 3. to protect 4. that 5. Although 6. studying
7. first 8. As 9. to 10. truly

【分析】先通读短文，把握主题为“好奇心推动探索与发现”，再逐空结合固定搭配、语法规则、语境逻辑分析：1. 需用固定搭配“curiosity about”；2. 依据help的用法，不定式作宾补；3. 用不定式表目的；4. 对应so...that固定句型；5. 结合转折逻辑选让步连词；6. 依据spend的用法，动名词作宾语；7. 用序数词表“第一个”；8. 用as表“正如”引导从句；9. 对应from...to固定搭配；10. 用副词修饰动词。
【解析】1. 考查固定搭配，“curiosity about”是固定表达，意为“对……的好奇心”，故填about；2. 考查help的用法，help sb (to) do sth为固定结构，不定式作宾补，to可省略，故填(to) discover；3. 考查非谓语动词，此处用不定式表目的，发明避雷针是为了保护建筑，故填to protect；4. 考查固定句型so...that...，意为“如此……以至于……”，符合语境，故填that；5. 考查让步状语从句，前后句为转折关系，“尽管测试失败，但勇气激励后人”，句首单词首字母大写，故填Although；6. 考查spend的用法，spend time (in) doing sth为固定结构，故填studying；7. 考查序数词，此处表示“第一个”地震仪，故填first；8. 考查连词，as意为“正如”，引导非限制性从句，句首首字母大写，故填As；9. 考查固定搭配from...to...，意为“从……到……”，故填to；10. 考查副词，此处修饰动词opens，需用true的副词形式truly，故填truly。
【答案】1. about 2. (to) discover 3. to protect 4. that 5. Although 6. studying 7. first 8. As 9. to 10. truly
【知识点】固定搭配、非谓语动词、状语从句
【点评】本题围绕“好奇心”主题，考查英语基础语法与常用固定搭配，需结合语境、逻辑关系及语法规则解题，题型为语篇填空，适合巩固基础知识点。
【难度系数】0.5