In some towns, there is no fresh water. People there have to use trucks to carry fresh water. It is expensive.
What does the underlined word “It” mean?

A.Trucks’ carrying.
B.Rain collecting.
C.Fog catching.
D.Water making.

点拨：根据“People there have to use trucks to carry fresh water. It is expensive.”可知，画线词指代用卡车运送淡水这件事。故选A。

【解析】
根据文中“People there have to use trucks to carry fresh water. It is expensive.”可知，画线词“It”指代用卡车运送淡水这件事，故选A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
代词指代判断
【点评】
本题考查对文本中代词指代内容的理解，需结合上下文语境分析，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8

Some people are worried about the effect that social media has on the lives of young people. The following passage was written by a reporter. He tried to find out whether social media has a positive or negative effect on children.
①Social media websites are communities where users can share photos and talk to others online. They are very popular—millions of people use social media every day. Although some people think social media is a positive thing, many are worried about the negative effects it can have on young people.
②James, a 15 - year - old student, thinks that social media has many benefits. “I get very nervous when I talk to people in real life—I find it so much easier to express myself when I use social media. Another advantage is that I hardly ever forget anyone’s birthday now because I can look it up online!” Lots of users agree that social media helps young people stay connected to their friends and make new friends from around the world.
③However, social media also has many problems. Social media may help young people find friends, but it also makes it easier for bullies to hurt them. Some parents believe that social media makes it harder for families to spend time together. They say their children are so crazy about social media that they ignore(忽视)the rest of their family. Many teachers think social media can distract(使……分心)their students from schoolwork.
④There is no doubt that social media has some problems, and it is very important to avoid spending too much time online. However, generally speaking, social media can be a positive thing for young people. It is a way for nervous people to make friends, and for young people to stay connected.
What would be the best structure of the passage?

A.
B.
C.
D.

点拨：第一段总述尽管社交媒体很流行，但是许多人还是担心社交媒体会给年轻人带来消极影响；第二段举例说明社交媒体的积极影响；第三段介绍社交媒体带来的消极影响；第四段总结虽然有很多问题存在，但还是给年轻人带来了很多好处。故选B。

【解析】
本文为议论文，段落逻辑如下：①段总述社交媒体虽流行，但不少人担忧其对年轻人的消极影响；②段举例说明社交媒体对年轻人的积极作用；③段介绍社交媒体带来的消极影响；④段总结，指出尽管存在问题，社交媒体对年轻人总体而言是积极的。文章为总-分-总结构，对应选项B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
议论文结构，语篇结构分析
【点评】
本题考查对议论文语篇结构的把握，需梳理段落间逻辑，理清总起、分述、总结的层次，提升语篇分析能力。
【难度系数】
0.6