6.(2024·兰州中考)如图,反比例函数$y = \frac{k}{x}(x > 0)$与一次函数$y = mx + 1$的图像交于点$A(2,3)$,点$B$是反比例函数图像上一点,$BC \perp x$轴于点$C$,交一次函数的图像于点$D$,连接$AB$.
(1)求反比例函数$y = \frac{k}{x}$与一次函数$y = mx + 1$的表达式;
(2)当$OC = 4$时,求$\triangle ABD$的面积.

(1)求反比例函数$y = \frac{k}{x}$与一次函数$y = mx + 1$的表达式;
(2)当$OC = 4$时,求$\triangle ABD$的面积.
答案
(1)∵反比例函数y = $\frac{k}{x}$(x>0)与一次函数y = mx + 1的图像交于点A(2,3),∴3 = $\frac{k}{2}$,3 = 2m + 1,∴k = 6,m = 1,∴反比例函数表达式为y = $\frac{6}{x}$,一次函数的表达式为y = x + 1.
(2)∵OC = 4,∴C(4,0). ∵BC⊥x轴于点C,交一次函数的图像于点D,∴点B的横坐标为4,点D的横坐标为4. ∴yB = $\frac{6}{4}$ = $\frac{3}{2}$,yD = 4 + 1 = 5,∴B$(4,\frac{3}{2})$,D(4,5),∴BD = 5 - $\frac{3}{2}$ = $\frac{7}{2}$. ∵点A的坐标为(2,3),∴S△ABD = $\frac{1}{2}$BD·(xD - xA)= $\frac{1}{2}$×$\frac{7}{2}$×2 = $\frac{7}{2}$.
(2)∵OC = 4,∴C(4,0). ∵BC⊥x轴于点C,交一次函数的图像于点D,∴点B的横坐标为4,点D的横坐标为4. ∴yB = $\frac{6}{4}$ = $\frac{3}{2}$,yD = 4 + 1 = 5,∴B$(4,\frac{3}{2})$,D(4,5),∴BD = 5 - $\frac{3}{2}$ = $\frac{7}{2}$. ∵点A的坐标为(2,3),∴S△ABD = $\frac{1}{2}$BD·(xD - xA)= $\frac{1}{2}$×$\frac{7}{2}$×2 = $\frac{7}{2}$.
7.(2024·雅安中考节选)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,一次函数的图像$l$与反比例函数$y = \frac{k}{x}$的图像交于$M(\frac{1}{2},4)$,$N(n,1)$两点.
(1)求反比例函数及一次函数的表达式;
(2)若点$P$是$y$轴上一动点,连接$PM$,$PN$. 当$PM + PN$的值最小时,求点$P$的坐标.

(1)求反比例函数及一次函数的表达式;
(2)若点$P$是$y$轴上一动点,连接$PM$,$PN$. 当$PM + PN$的值最小时,求点$P$的坐标.
答案
(1)∵M$(\frac{1}{2},4)$在反比例函数y = $\frac{k}{x}$的图像上,∴k = $\frac{1}{2}$×4 = 2.
∴反比例函数表达式为y = $\frac{2}{x}$. 又∵N(n,1)在反比例函数y = $\frac{2}{x}$的图像上,∴n = 2,∴N(2,1). 设一次函数表达式为y = ax + b,∴$\begin{cases}\frac{1}{2}a + b = 4 \\2a + b = 1\end{cases}$,∴a = -2,b = 5,∴一次函数的表达式为y = -2x + 5.
(2)如图,作点M关于y轴的对称点M',连接M'N交y轴于点P,则PM + PN = PM' + PN的最小值等于M'N的长. ∵M$(\frac{1}{2},4)$与M'关于y轴对称,∴M'的坐标为$(-\frac{1}{2},4)$. 又N(2,1),设M'N的函数表达式为y = cx + d,则$\begin{cases}-\frac{1}{2}c + d = 4 \\2c + d = 1\end{cases}$,解得$\begin{cases}c = -\frac{6}{5} \\d = \frac{17}{5}\end{cases}$,∴直线M'N的函数表达式为y = - $\frac{6}{5}$x + $\frac{17}{5}$. 令x = 0,则y = $\frac{17}{5}$,∴P$(0,\frac{17}{5})$.
8.(2024·宜宾中考)如图,一次函数$y = ax + b(a \neq 0)$的图像与反比例函数$y =
(1)求反比例函数和一次函数的表达式;
(2)利用图像,直接写出不等式$ax + b < \frac{k}{x}$的解集;
(3)已知点$D$在$x$轴上,点$C$在反比例函数图像上. 若以$A、B、C、D$为顶点的四边形是平行四边形,求点$C$的坐标.

$\frac{k}{x}$
(k \neq 0)$的图像交于点$A(1,4)$、$B(n,-1)$.(1)求反比例函数和一次函数的表达式;
(2)利用图像,直接写出不等式$ax + b < \frac{k}{x}$的解集;
(3)已知点$D$在$x$轴上,点$C$在反比例函数图像上. 若以$A、B、C、D$为顶点的四边形是平行四边形,求点$C$的坐标.
答案
(1)∵反比例函数y = $\frac{k}{x}$(k≠0)的图像经过A(1,4),∴4 = $\frac{k}{1}$,解得k = 4,∴y = $\frac{4}{x}$. 把B(n,-1)代入y = $\frac{4}{x}$,得-1 = $\frac{4}{n}$,解得n = -4,∴B(-4,-1). 把A(1,4),B(-4,-1)代入y = ax + b(a≠0),得$\begin{cases}a + b = 4 \\-4a + b = -1\end{cases}$,解得$\begin{cases}a = 1 \\b = 3\end{cases}$,∴y = x + 3.
(2)观察图像得当x<-4或0<x<1时,一次函数的图像在反比例函数图像的下方,∴不等式ax + b<$\frac{k}{x}$的解集为x<-4或0<x<1.
(3)设点C的坐标为$(c,\frac{4}{c})$,D(d,0),①以AC、BD为对角线,则$\begin{cases}1 + c = -4 + d \\4 + \frac{4}{c} = -1 + 0\end{cases}$,解得$\begin{cases}c = -\frac{4}{5} \\d = \frac{21}{5}\end{cases}$,∴$\frac{4}{c}$ = -5,∴C$(-\frac{4}{5},-5)$;
②以BC、AD为对角线,则$\begin{cases}-4 + c = 1 + d \\-1 + \frac{4}{c} = 4 + 0\end{cases}$,解得$\begin{cases}c = \frac{4}{5} \\d = -\frac{21}{5}\end{cases}$,∴$\frac{4}{c}$ = 5,∴C$(\frac{4}{5},5)$;
③以AB、CD为对角线,则$\begin{cases}1 - 4 = c + d \\4 - 1 = \frac{4}{c} + 0\end{cases}$,解得$\begin{cases}c = \frac{4}{3} \\d = -\frac{13}{3}\end{cases}$,∴$\frac{4}{c}$ = 3,∴C$(\frac{4}{3},3)$.
综上,当点C的坐标为$(-\frac{4}{5},-5)$或$(\frac{4}{5},5)$或$(\frac{4}{3},3)$时,以A、B、C、D为顶点的四边形是平行四边形.
(2)观察图像得当x<-4或0<x<1时,一次函数的图像在反比例函数图像的下方,∴不等式ax + b<$\frac{k}{x}$的解集为x<-4或0<x<1.
(3)设点C的坐标为$(c,\frac{4}{c})$,D(d,0),①以AC、BD为对角线,则$\begin{cases}1 + c = -4 + d \\4 + \frac{4}{c} = -1 + 0\end{cases}$,解得$\begin{cases}c = -\frac{4}{5} \\d = \frac{21}{5}\end{cases}$,∴$\frac{4}{c}$ = -5,∴C$(-\frac{4}{5},-5)$;
②以BC、AD为对角线,则$\begin{cases}-4 + c = 1 + d \\-1 + \frac{4}{c} = 4 + 0\end{cases}$,解得$\begin{cases}c = \frac{4}{5} \\d = -\frac{21}{5}\end{cases}$,∴$\frac{4}{c}$ = 5,∴C$(\frac{4}{5},5)$;
③以AB、CD为对角线,则$\begin{cases}1 - 4 = c + d \\4 - 1 = \frac{4}{c} + 0\end{cases}$,解得$\begin{cases}c = \frac{4}{3} \\d = -\frac{13}{3}\end{cases}$,∴$\frac{4}{c}$ = 3,∴C$(\frac{4}{3},3)$.
综上,当点C的坐标为$(-\frac{4}{5},-5)$或$(\frac{4}{5},5)$或$(\frac{4}{3},3)$时,以A、B、C、D为顶点的四边形是平行四边形.
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