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一、根据首字母、句意、音标及汉语提示完成单词或用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. Peter walks to school instead of r a bike every day.
2. Kunming is very beautiful. Many (tour) visit there every year.
3. Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen, and Emma (cut) vegetables.
4. My friends always (鼓励) me when I face difficulties.
5. China (success) in launching Tianwen Ⅱ spacecraft to the space on May 29, 2025.
6. During [ˈlaɪtnɪŋ] storms, we usually close the windows and don’t use our phones.
1. Peter walks to school instead of r a bike every day.
2. Kunming is very beautiful. Many (tour) visit there every year.
3. Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen, and Emma (cut) vegetables.
4. My friends always (鼓励) me when I face difficulties.
5. China (success) in launching Tianwen Ⅱ spacecraft to the space on May 29, 2025.
6. During [ˈlaɪtnɪŋ] storms, we usually close the windows and don’t use our phones.
答案
1. riding 2. tourists 3. is cutting 4. encourage 5. succeeded 6. lightning
解析
【分析】本题为英语单词填空题，需结合首字母、句意、词性、时态、音标等基础知识解题：1. 第1题依据固定搭配及介词后接动名词规则填单词；2. 第2题根据many修饰可数名词复数，结合词性转换填名词复数；3. 第3题依据前后句时态一致（现在进行时）填正确形式；4. 第4题根据一般现在时及主语复数填动词原形；5. 第5题依据过去时间状语用动词过去式；6. 第6题根据音标匹配对应单词。
【解析】1. 固定搭配：ride a bike是固定短语，instead of为介词短语，后接动名词，故填riding；2. 名词复数：many后接可数名词复数，tour对应的表示“游客”的名词是tourist，复数形式为tourists；3. 现在进行时：前句用现在进行时（is cooking），后句动作同时进行，主语Emma为第三人称单数，结构为is + doing，故填is cutting；4. 一般现在时：主语friends为复数，谓语动词用原形，“鼓励”的英文是encourage，故填encourage；5. 动词过去式：时间状语为过去时间点，success的动词是succeed，过去式为succeeded，故填succeeded；6. 音标匹配：根据音标[ˈlaɪtnɪŋ]，对应单词lightning，故填lightning。
【答案】1. riding 2. tourists 3. is cutting 4. encourage 5. succeeded 6. lightning
【知识点】固定搭配、动词时态、名词复数
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇与语法，涵盖固定搭配、词性转换、时态、音标等核心知识点，题型常规，侧重基础知识应用，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 固定搭配：ride a bike是固定短语，instead of为介词短语，后接动名词，故填riding；2. 名词复数：many后接可数名词复数，tour对应的表示“游客”的名词是tourist，复数形式为tourists；3. 现在进行时：前句用现在进行时（is cooking），后句动作同时进行，主语Emma为第三人称单数，结构为is + doing，故填is cutting；4. 一般现在时：主语friends为复数，谓语动词用原形，“鼓励”的英文是encourage，故填encourage；5. 动词过去式：时间状语为过去时间点，success的动词是succeed，过去式为succeeded，故填succeeded；6. 音标匹配：根据音标[ˈlaɪtnɪŋ]，对应单词lightning，故填lightning。
【答案】1. riding 2. tourists 3. is cutting 4. encourage 5. succeeded 6. lightning
【知识点】固定搭配、动词时态、名词复数
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇与语法，涵盖固定搭配、词性转换、时态、音标等核心知识点，题型常规，侧重基础知识应用，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】0.7
二、阅读理解。
①Do you notice that the sea gets warmer every few years? This is called “El Nino”—a big area of warm water in the Pacific Ocean. But why does it happen?
②El Nino starts when something changes the winds. Scientists think the winds come from the northern half of the world and then form this energy. These winds blow south over the ocean. When they meet warm sea water, the water gets even warmer and starts to move.
③Imagine blowing on a cup of soup—the wind makes the soup move. Similarly, strong winds push the warm water east across the Pacific. This warm water piles up（堆积）and creates El Nino. The process happens every 2 to 7 years, making the weather change, like heavy rains.
④As well as the sea water becoming warmer, El Nino affects the weather in every part of the world. It can bring a lot of heavy rain. Besides, strong winds can break buildings down. It can even mean that fishermen cannot catch fish.
⑤We can't do much about El Nino because it's something that happens by itself in nature. But we can try to improve the weather by not letting the earth get too warm and by keeping the air clean. The most important job for scientists is to learn how to find out when El Nino will bring dangerous weather. Then, people can try to prepare for violent weather such as storms. Modern technology（现代技术）can be helpful. Still, it's hard to say when or where El Nino will cause problems for us.
()1. According to the passage, which picture is NOT the result of the El Nino?
①Do you notice that the sea gets warmer every few years? This is called “El Nino”—a big area of warm water in the Pacific Ocean. But why does it happen?
②El Nino starts when something changes the winds. Scientists think the winds come from the northern half of the world and then form this energy. These winds blow south over the ocean. When they meet warm sea water, the water gets even warmer and starts to move.
③Imagine blowing on a cup of soup—the wind makes the soup move. Similarly, strong winds push the warm water east across the Pacific. This warm water piles up（堆积）and creates El Nino. The process happens every 2 to 7 years, making the weather change, like heavy rains.
④As well as the sea water becoming warmer, El Nino affects the weather in every part of the world. It can bring a lot of heavy rain. Besides, strong winds can break buildings down. It can even mean that fishermen cannot catch fish.
⑤We can't do much about El Nino because it's something that happens by itself in nature. But we can try to improve the weather by not letting the earth get too warm and by keeping the air clean. The most important job for scientists is to learn how to find out when El Nino will bring dangerous weather. Then, people can try to prepare for violent weather such as storms. Modern technology（现代技术）can be helpful. Still, it's hard to say when or where El Nino will cause problems for us.
()1. According to the passage, which picture is NOT the result of the El Nino?
答案
A
解析
【分析】
首先明确题目要求：找出不是厄尔尼诺结果的图片。先梳理文章中厄尔尼诺的相关内容：文章提到厄尔尼诺会使海水变暖，还会带来强风，强风会破坏建筑。需判断两个图片对应的内容是否属于厄尔尼诺的结果：A图对应海水变暖，B图对应强风破坏建筑。根据文章，强风破坏建筑是厄尔尼诺的结果，而海水变暖是厄尔尼诺本身的特征，并非结果，因此A符合题目要求。
【解析】
1. 定位文章细节：第①段指出厄尔尼诺是太平洋的暖水区，海水变暖是厄尔尼诺的特征；第④段提到厄尔尼诺会带来强风，强风可破坏建筑，这是厄尔尼诺的结果。
2. 分析图片：A图呈现海水变暖，属于厄尔尼诺的特征而非结果；B图呈现强风破坏建筑，属于厄尔尼诺的结果。因此，A图不是厄尔尼诺的结果。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
阅读理解 细节理解
【点评】
本题考查对文章细节的准确理解，需区分厄尔尼诺的特征与结果，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
首先明确题目要求：找出不是厄尔尼诺结果的图片。先梳理文章中厄尔尼诺的相关内容：文章提到厄尔尼诺会使海水变暖，还会带来强风，强风会破坏建筑。需判断两个图片对应的内容是否属于厄尔尼诺的结果：A图对应海水变暖，B图对应强风破坏建筑。根据文章，强风破坏建筑是厄尔尼诺的结果，而海水变暖是厄尔尼诺本身的特征，并非结果，因此A符合题目要求。
【解析】
1. 定位文章细节：第①段指出厄尔尼诺是太平洋的暖水区，海水变暖是厄尔尼诺的特征；第④段提到厄尔尼诺会带来强风，强风可破坏建筑，这是厄尔尼诺的结果。
2. 分析图片：A图呈现海水变暖，属于厄尔尼诺的特征而非结果；B图呈现强风破坏建筑，属于厄尔尼诺的结果。因此，A图不是厄尔尼诺的结果。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
阅读理解 细节理解
【点评】
本题考查对文章细节的准确理解，需区分厄尔尼诺的特征与结果，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
