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Ⅶ. 中考趋势 综合填空
根据短文内容,在空格上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
新素材 珍·古道尔(2025·绵阳模拟)Dr Jane Goodall, the world's most famous primatologist (a person who studies apes) died at the age of 91, on October 1st local time. Her lifelong 1.
Born in the United Kingdom in 1934, Goodall developed a deep passion for animals and hoped 3.
Throughout her lifetime, Goodall was 6.
For her work, she 9.
根据短文内容,在空格上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
新素材 珍·古道尔(2025·绵阳模拟)Dr Jane Goodall, the world's most famous primatologist (a person who studies apes) died at the age of 91, on October 1st local time. Her lifelong 1.
devotion
(devote) to the study and protection of chimps(黑猩猩), as well as her global call for the restoration of our natural world made her 2. an
unusual woman. Her story has been added to science, biology, and English textbooks in China and beyond.Born in the United Kingdom in 1934, Goodall developed a deep passion for animals and hoped 3.
to understand
(understand) them better from an early age. 4. Though/Although
she was unable to receive higher education after high school because of no money, she took an opportunity when a friend invited her to Kenya. Later, with strong determination, she started a journey to Africa alone, a decision that would shape her life 5. completely
(complete).Throughout her lifetime, Goodall was 6.
best
(well) known for her 65-year study of wild chimpanzees. The study began in the 1960s, when Goodall lived among chimps in Tanzania, in Africa. She recorded the chimps 7. doing
(do) things only people could do. Goodall proved that chimps make 8. tools
(tool), hunt for meat, and keep complex relationships.For her work, she 9.
was awarded
(award) the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2025. One reporter asked her what gave her hope for the future of the planet. Goodall mentioned the members of Roots & Shoots, her youth-activism programme. "And young people like you 10. who
are inspiring others are my greatest reason for hope."答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界著名的灵长类动物学家珍·古道尔博士的生平事迹,包括她对黑猩猩的研究和保护工作,以及她对全球自然世界恢复的呼吁。
1. devotion 解析:根据“Her lifelong”后需要接名词,devote是动词,其名词形式为 devotion,意为“奉献、致力”,因此填devotion。
2. an 解析:根据“unusual woman”,unusual 的发音以元音音素开头,要用不定冠词 an 表示“一位”,因此填 an。
3. to understand 解析:根据固定搭配“hope to do sth”,hope后接动词不定式,因此填 to understand。
4. Though/Although 解析:根据“她高中后因没钱没能接受高等教育”与“她抓住了去肯尼亚的机会”存在转折让步关系,Though/Although 引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然、尽管”,因此填 Though/Although。
5. completely 解析:根据“shape her life”,修饰动词 shape 要用副词,complete 是形容词,其副词形式为 completely,因此填 completely。
6. best 解析:根据固定搭配“be best known for”,此处表示她最出名的事,因此填 best。
7. doing 解析:根据固定搭配“record sb/sth doing sth”,强调记录当时黑猩猩的行为,因此填 doing。
8. tools 解析:tool 是可数名词,此处表示泛指,要用复数形式,因此填 tools。
9. was awarded 解析:根据主语 she 与 award 之间是被动关系,且时间状语 in 2025 表示过去,要用一般过去时的被动语态 was/were + 过去分词,主语为 she,因此填 was awarded。
10. who 解析:根据先行词 young people like you 指人,且关系代词在定语从句中作主语,要用 who 引导定语从句,因此填 who。
1. devotion 解析:根据“Her lifelong”后需要接名词,devote是动词,其名词形式为 devotion,意为“奉献、致力”,因此填devotion。
2. an 解析:根据“unusual woman”,unusual 的发音以元音音素开头,要用不定冠词 an 表示“一位”,因此填 an。
3. to understand 解析:根据固定搭配“hope to do sth”,hope后接动词不定式,因此填 to understand。
4. Though/Although 解析:根据“她高中后因没钱没能接受高等教育”与“她抓住了去肯尼亚的机会”存在转折让步关系,Though/Although 引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然、尽管”,因此填 Though/Although。
5. completely 解析:根据“shape her life”,修饰动词 shape 要用副词,complete 是形容词,其副词形式为 completely,因此填 completely。
6. best 解析:根据固定搭配“be best known for”,此处表示她最出名的事,因此填 best。
7. doing 解析:根据固定搭配“record sb/sth doing sth”,强调记录当时黑猩猩的行为,因此填 doing。
8. tools 解析:tool 是可数名词,此处表示泛指,要用复数形式,因此填 tools。
9. was awarded 解析:根据主语 she 与 award 之间是被动关系,且时间状语 in 2025 表示过去,要用一般过去时的被动语态 was/were + 过去分词,主语为 she,因此填 was awarded。
10. who 解析:根据先行词 young people like you 指人,且关系代词在定语从句中作主语,要用 who 引导定语从句,因此填 who。
解析
【分析】
拿到这道综合填空题，首先第一步先通读全文，明确文章是介绍灵长类动物学家珍·古道尔生平的记叙文，理清整体叙事逻辑和基本时态。接下来逐个对空格进行语法和语义分析：
1. 空格前有形容词lifelong（终身的），形容词后需要修饰名词，因此要把给出的动词devote转换为对应的名词形式；
2. 空格后是可数名词单数unusual woman，此处表达“一位非同寻常的女性”，unusual以元音音素开头，对应不定冠词的使用规则推导答案；
3. 空格前是动词hope，回忆hope的固定搭配，hope后接不定式作宾语，直接推导形式；
4. 空格前后两个分句语义是让步转折关系：“她高中毕业后因为没钱没法接受高等教育”和“她抓住了朋友邀请她去肯尼亚的机会”，因此需要填入引导让步状语从句的连接词；
5. 空格后是动词短语shape her life（塑造她的人生），修饰动词需要用副词，因此把形容词complete转换为副词形式；
6. 此处表达“她最为人熟知的是长达65年的野生黑猩猩研究”，对应固定搭配be best known for，需要用well的最高级形式；
7. 此处表达“记录下黑猩猩做出只有人类能做的行为”，对应固定搭配record sb/sth doing sth，强调记录动作发生时的场景，用现在分词形式；
8. 可数名词tool此处表泛指一类事物，需要使用复数形式；
9. 主语she和动词award（授予奖项）是被动关系，且时间状语in 2025表示过去的时间，因此要用一般过去时的被动语态；
10. 此处是定语从句，先行词是指人的young people，关系代词在从句中作主语，因此用指代人的关系代词引导从句。
【解析】
1. 空格前有形容词lifelong修饰，需要填入名词，动词devote的名词形式是devotion，意为“奉献”，符合语义。
2. 此处表达“一位非同寻常的女性”，unusual发音以元音音素开头，因此填入不定冠词an。
3. 固定搭配hope to do sth. 意为“希望做某事”，因此填入动词不定式to understand。
4. 前后分句为让步转折逻辑，用Though/Although引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管/虽然”，句首首字母大写。
5. 此处修饰动词shape，需要填入副词，形容词complete的副词形式是completely，意为“完全地”。
6. 固定搭配be best known for意为“因……最为人熟知”，此处用well的最高级best，符合语境。
7. 固定搭配record sb./sth. doing sth. 意为“记录某人/某物正在做某事”，强调记录当时的行为场景，因此填入doing。
8. tool是可数名词，此处表泛指所有工具，要用复数形式tools。
9. 主语she和award是被动关系，动作发生在过去（2025年），一般过去时被动语态结构为was/were+过去分词，主语是第三人称单数，因此填入was awarded。
10. 先行词young people指人，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，用who引导该定语从句。
【答案】
1. devotion 2. an 3. to understand 4. Though/Although 5. completely 6. best 7. doing 8. tools 9. was awarded 10. who
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、定语从句
【点评】
本题是中考典型的综合填空题型，选取珍·古道尔的相关新素材，既贴合中考命题趋势，又融入了励志科普的正向引导。考点覆盖了冠词、非谓语动词、状语从句、被动语态等初中英语核心语法点，既考察学生对基础词汇变形、固定搭配的掌握熟练度，也要求学生能结合上下文语义逻辑推导答案，是对初中英语基础语言应用能力的全面考查。
【难度系数】
0.7
拿到这道综合填空题，首先第一步先通读全文，明确文章是介绍灵长类动物学家珍·古道尔生平的记叙文，理清整体叙事逻辑和基本时态。接下来逐个对空格进行语法和语义分析：
1. 空格前有形容词lifelong（终身的），形容词后需要修饰名词，因此要把给出的动词devote转换为对应的名词形式；
2. 空格后是可数名词单数unusual woman，此处表达“一位非同寻常的女性”，unusual以元音音素开头，对应不定冠词的使用规则推导答案；
3. 空格前是动词hope，回忆hope的固定搭配，hope后接不定式作宾语，直接推导形式；
4. 空格前后两个分句语义是让步转折关系：“她高中毕业后因为没钱没法接受高等教育”和“她抓住了朋友邀请她去肯尼亚的机会”，因此需要填入引导让步状语从句的连接词；
5. 空格后是动词短语shape her life（塑造她的人生），修饰动词需要用副词，因此把形容词complete转换为副词形式；
6. 此处表达“她最为人熟知的是长达65年的野生黑猩猩研究”，对应固定搭配be best known for，需要用well的最高级形式；
7. 此处表达“记录下黑猩猩做出只有人类能做的行为”，对应固定搭配record sb/sth doing sth，强调记录动作发生时的场景，用现在分词形式；
8. 可数名词tool此处表泛指一类事物，需要使用复数形式；
9. 主语she和动词award（授予奖项）是被动关系，且时间状语in 2025表示过去的时间，因此要用一般过去时的被动语态；
10. 此处是定语从句，先行词是指人的young people，关系代词在从句中作主语，因此用指代人的关系代词引导从句。
【解析】
1. 空格前有形容词lifelong修饰，需要填入名词，动词devote的名词形式是devotion，意为“奉献”，符合语义。
2. 此处表达“一位非同寻常的女性”，unusual发音以元音音素开头，因此填入不定冠词an。
3. 固定搭配hope to do sth. 意为“希望做某事”，因此填入动词不定式to understand。
4. 前后分句为让步转折逻辑，用Though/Although引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管/虽然”，句首首字母大写。
5. 此处修饰动词shape，需要填入副词，形容词complete的副词形式是completely，意为“完全地”。
6. 固定搭配be best known for意为“因……最为人熟知”，此处用well的最高级best，符合语境。
7. 固定搭配record sb./sth. doing sth. 意为“记录某人/某物正在做某事”，强调记录当时的行为场景，因此填入doing。
8. tool是可数名词，此处表泛指所有工具，要用复数形式tools。
9. 主语she和award是被动关系，动作发生在过去（2025年），一般过去时被动语态结构为was/were+过去分词，主语是第三人称单数，因此填入was awarded。
10. 先行词young people指人，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，用who引导该定语从句。
【答案】
1. devotion 2. an 3. to understand 4. Though/Although 5. completely 6. best 7. doing 8. tools 9. was awarded 10. who
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、定语从句
【点评】
本题是中考典型的综合填空题型，选取珍·古道尔的相关新素材，既贴合中考命题趋势，又融入了励志科普的正向引导。考点覆盖了冠词、非谓语动词、状语从句、被动语态等初中英语核心语法点，既考察学生对基础词汇变形、固定搭配的掌握熟练度，也要求学生能结合上下文语义逻辑推导答案，是对初中英语基础语言应用能力的全面考查。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅷ.书面表达
灿烂星空,谁是真的英雄?做出惊天动地的人是英雄,为追求真理献出生命的人是英雄,在平凡岗位上默默奉献的人是英雄,在生活中伸出援手的人也是英雄……学校英文报将围绕“A Hero in My Heart”的主题进行征文,请根据下列提示谈谈你心目中的英雄并分享你的体会。
提示:1. Who is your hero? 2. What did he/she do? 3. What can you learn from him/her?
注意:1.表达中必须包括所给要点,可适当发挥,使短文连贯、通顺;2. 词数100左右,开头已经写好,不计入总词数。
A Hero in My Heart
Everyone has a hero in his heart, so do I.
灿烂星空,谁是真的英雄?做出惊天动地的人是英雄,为追求真理献出生命的人是英雄,在平凡岗位上默默奉献的人是英雄,在生活中伸出援手的人也是英雄……学校英文报将围绕“A Hero in My Heart”的主题进行征文,请根据下列提示谈谈你心目中的英雄并分享你的体会。
提示:1. Who is your hero? 2. What did he/she do? 3. What can you learn from him/her?
注意:1.表达中必须包括所给要点,可适当发挥,使短文连贯、通顺;2. 词数100左右,开头已经写好,不计入总词数。
A Hero in My Heart
Everyone has a hero in his heart, so do I.
My hero is my mother. She is just an ordinary person, but she is full of kindness and warmth, so I regard her as my hero.
She takes good care of my family every day. She gets up early and goes to bed late to look after my study and life. Whenever I meet difficulties, she encourages me patiently and helps me solve problems. What's more, she is always ready to help people around her. She often helps old neighbours carry heavy things and gives seats to the elderly on the bus. She also shares food and daily things with people in need.
From my mother, I learn the importance of kindness and responsibility. She teaches me to care about others and help people as much as possible. I am proud of her and I will try to be a helpful person like her.
答案
One possible version:
A Hero in My Heart
Everyone has a hero in his heart, so do I. My hero is my mother. She is just an ordinary person, but she is full of kindness and warmth, so I regard her as my hero.
She takes good care of my family every day. She gets up early and goes to bed late to look after my study and life. Whenever I meet difficulties, she encourages me patiently and helps me solve problems.
What's more, she is always ready to help people around her. She often helps old neighbours carry heavy things and gives seats to the elderly on the bus. She also shares food and daily things with people in need.
From my mother, I learn the importance of kindness and responsibility. She teaches me to care about others and help people as much as possible. I am proud of her and I will try to be a helpful person like her.
思路梳理 总体分析:①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;②时态:时态以“一般现在时”为主;③提示:注意描写人物事迹时上下文之间的逻辑关系,保持语意连贯。写作步骤:第一步,表明写作意图;第二步,介绍自己心目中的英雄;第三步,书写结语。
A Hero in My Heart
Everyone has a hero in his heart, so do I. My hero is my mother. She is just an ordinary person, but she is full of kindness and warmth, so I regard her as my hero.
She takes good care of my family every day. She gets up early and goes to bed late to look after my study and life. Whenever I meet difficulties, she encourages me patiently and helps me solve problems.
What's more, she is always ready to help people around her. She often helps old neighbours carry heavy things and gives seats to the elderly on the bus. She also shares food and daily things with people in need.
From my mother, I learn the importance of kindness and responsibility. She teaches me to care about others and help people as much as possible. I am proud of her and I will try to be a helpful person like her.
思路梳理 总体分析:①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;②时态:时态以“一般现在时”为主;③提示:注意描写人物事迹时上下文之间的逻辑关系,保持语意连贯。写作步骤:第一步,表明写作意图;第二步,介绍自己心目中的英雄;第三步,书写结语。
解析
【分析】
拿到这道书面表达题，首先明确核心要求：主题为“A Hero in My Heart”，必须覆盖题干给出的三个指定要点，词数100左右，开头已经给出。解题可以按三步推进：第一步先选定写作对象，不用刻意选知名伟人，选自己熟悉的身边人物比如父母、老师会更有内容可写，不容易出现内容空洞的问题；第二步围绕选定的人物补充具体事迹，对应第二个要点，要写贴合人物身份的真实细节，避免空泛表述；第三步对应第三个要点，提炼从人物身上学到的品质，结合自身写出后续的行动方向，最后串联所有内容，保证逻辑连贯，时态以一般现在时为主，符合日常人物描写的语境。
【解析】
这是一篇要点驱动的人物类征文写作，具体写作步骤如下：
1. 开篇承接给定开头，直接点明你心中的英雄身份，简单介绍人物的整体特质，完成第一个要点的作答；
2. 主体部分分层叙述人物的具体事迹：先写人物在日常相处中对你、对家庭的付出，再补充1-2件体现人物闪光点的小事，让内容更生动饱满，完成第二个要点的作答；
3. 结尾部分提炼人物身上值得学习的品质，说明自己的感悟和未来的努力方向，完成第三个要点的作答；
4. 最后通读全文，检查三个要点是否全部覆盖，语句是否通顺，词数是否符合100左右的要求，修正语法错误即可。
参考范文完全符合上述要求，逻辑清晰，细节充实，真情实感自然流露。
【答案】
One possible version:
A Hero in My Heart
Everyone has a hero in his heart, so do I. My hero is my mother. She is just an ordinary person, but she is full of kindness and warmth, so I regard her as my hero.
She takes good care of my family every day. She gets up early and goes to bed late to look after my study and life. Whenever I meet difficulties, she encourages me patiently and helps me solve problems.
What's more, she is always ready to help people around her. She often helps old neighbours carry heavy things and gives seats to the elderly on the bus. She also shares food and daily things with people in need.
From my mother, I learn the importance of kindness and responsibility. She teaches me to care about others and help people as much as possible. I am proud of her and I will try to be a helpful person like her.
【知识点】
人物类英语写作，一般现在时运用，要点作文谋篇
【点评】
本题是初中阶段非常典型的人物主题书面表达，命题引导学生跳出“英雄必须是伟人”的固化思维，关注身边平凡岗位、日常相处里的闪光人物，题干给出的三个写作要点指向清晰，学生不容易跑题，结合自身真实经历填充细节即可写出内容充实的作文，写作时注意避免内容空泛，加入具体的小事细节更容易拿到高分。
【难度系数】
0.7
拿到这道书面表达题，首先明确核心要求：主题为“A Hero in My Heart”，必须覆盖题干给出的三个指定要点，词数100左右，开头已经给出。解题可以按三步推进：第一步先选定写作对象，不用刻意选知名伟人，选自己熟悉的身边人物比如父母、老师会更有内容可写，不容易出现内容空洞的问题；第二步围绕选定的人物补充具体事迹，对应第二个要点，要写贴合人物身份的真实细节，避免空泛表述；第三步对应第三个要点，提炼从人物身上学到的品质，结合自身写出后续的行动方向，最后串联所有内容，保证逻辑连贯，时态以一般现在时为主，符合日常人物描写的语境。
【解析】
这是一篇要点驱动的人物类征文写作，具体写作步骤如下：
1. 开篇承接给定开头，直接点明你心中的英雄身份，简单介绍人物的整体特质，完成第一个要点的作答；
2. 主体部分分层叙述人物的具体事迹：先写人物在日常相处中对你、对家庭的付出，再补充1-2件体现人物闪光点的小事，让内容更生动饱满，完成第二个要点的作答；
3. 结尾部分提炼人物身上值得学习的品质，说明自己的感悟和未来的努力方向，完成第三个要点的作答；
4. 最后通读全文，检查三个要点是否全部覆盖，语句是否通顺，词数是否符合100左右的要求，修正语法错误即可。
参考范文完全符合上述要求，逻辑清晰，细节充实，真情实感自然流露。
【答案】
One possible version:
A Hero in My Heart
Everyone has a hero in his heart, so do I. My hero is my mother. She is just an ordinary person, but she is full of kindness and warmth, so I regard her as my hero.
She takes good care of my family every day. She gets up early and goes to bed late to look after my study and life. Whenever I meet difficulties, she encourages me patiently and helps me solve problems.
What's more, she is always ready to help people around her. She often helps old neighbours carry heavy things and gives seats to the elderly on the bus. She also shares food and daily things with people in need.
From my mother, I learn the importance of kindness and responsibility. She teaches me to care about others and help people as much as possible. I am proud of her and I will try to be a helpful person like her.
【知识点】
人物类英语写作，一般现在时运用，要点作文谋篇
【点评】
本题是初中阶段非常典型的人物主题书面表达，命题引导学生跳出“英雄必须是伟人”的固化思维，关注身边平凡岗位、日常相处里的闪光人物，题干给出的三个写作要点指向清晰，学生不容易跑题，结合自身真实经历填充细节即可写出内容充实的作文，写作时注意避免内容空泛，加入具体的小事细节更容易拿到高分。
【难度系数】
0.7
