一、词汇运用
A. 请根据括号中的中文提示,写出句中所缺单词或短语,使句子通顺。
1. The girl couldn't keep balance or stand on her
旱冰鞋. But she kept practising.
2. The piece of music often makes me feel 放松的. Would you like to listen to it?
3. Our English teacher always explains grammar
清晰地 to us.
4. The doctor told the girl to 服药 and have a good break.
5. You 最好 take a knife with you when you go camping.

1. skates 2. relaxed 3. clearly 4. take some medicine 5. had better

【分析】
这是根据中文提示补全句子的词汇运用题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读完整句子，理清句子的语法结构，判断空格处所需填写内容的词性、单复数/形式要求；
2. 结合括号给出的中文提示，匹配对应的英文表达；
3. 结合语境和固定搭配验证填写的内容是否符合句子逻辑、语法规则，避免出现形式错误。比如成对的物品要使用复数形式、修饰人感受的形容词要选-ed结尾的形式、修饰动词要使用副词等，一步步推导就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 句意：这个女孩穿着旱冰鞋没法保持平衡也站不稳，但她一直坚持练习。“旱冰鞋”译为skate，是可数名词，旱冰鞋是成双使用的物品，此处用复数形式skates。
2. 句意：这首曲子经常让我感到放松，你想要听听它吗？“放松的”此处修饰人的主观感受，要用-ed结尾的形容词relaxed，作系动词feel的表语。
3. 句意：我们的英语老师总是清晰地给我们解释语法。“清晰地”是副词，用来修饰动词explains，对应的英文是clearly。
4. 句意：医生告诉这个女孩服药然后好好休息。“服药”的固定英文短语是take some medicine，空格前有不定式符号to，后面接动词原形短语即可。
5. 句意：你去露营的时候最好随身带一把刀。“最好”的固定表达是had better，后面接动词原形，完全符合句子结构要求。
【答案】
1. skates 2. relaxed 3. clearly 4. take some medicine 5. had better
【知识点】
词汇汉译英
词性辨析
固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础词汇运用题型，覆盖了名词复数、形容词作表语、副词修饰动词、常用固定短语等基础考点，难度较低，需要学生在记忆单词含义的同时，结合句子语法规则判断词汇的正确形式，避免出现词性误用、单复数错误等常见问题。
【难度系数】
0.8

B. 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式,使短文通顺。
Last summer vacation, Marisol had to stay with her grandparents. She felt sad and ⁶ miss the swimming pool at the summer camp very much. She really wanted to go to the summer camp to meet some new ⁷ friend and have fun together. Her grandfather noticed Marisol was unhappy and wanted to do something ⁸ cheer her up.
One day, while she was walking down to the lake nearby, her grandfather asked if she would like to sail with ⁹ he. Her grandpa was good at sailing.
"I want to share my sailing knowledge with you," her grandfather said. Marisol listened ¹⁰ careful as her grandfather talked about how to sail the boat. Then they got on the boat and ¹¹ start to sail around the lake. It was more difficult than Marisol imagined and she was very nervous紧张的 at ¹² one. Her grandfather told her to relax and feel the wind.
Soon Marisol got some sailing skills. She closed her eyes and enjoyed the ¹³ excite sailing. She felt so happy that she kept ¹⁴ laugh.
After sailing, they went home to enjoy the delicious dinner that was made by her grandmother. As she ¹⁵ eat, she realized it was the nicest summer vacation she ever had. So never regret遗憾 what you can't do, but enjoy the good time of the moment.

6. missed 7. friends
8. to cheer 9. him 10. carefully 11. started 12. first 13. exciting 14. laughing 15. ate

【分析】
首先通读整篇短文，可知文章讲述的是去年暑假发生的故事，整体主时态为一般过去时。解题时先逐个定位每个空格对应的提示词，先分析空格在句子中充当的成分，结合并列结构规则、固定搭配、词性修饰规则、时态要求，判断提示词需要转换的正确形式，逐一验证后填入即可保证短文通顺、逻辑合理。
【解析】
6. 空格前and连接并列谓语，前面的felt是动词过去式，时态保持一致，miss要变为一般过去式missed。
7. 空格前有some修饰，friend是可数名词，需要变为复数形式friends。
8. 此处用不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词something，表示“为了让她振作起来的事”，填to cheer。
9. 介词with后面要接人称代词的宾格作宾语，主格he对应的宾格是him。
10. 空格处修饰动词listened，需要用副词作状语，形容词careful对应的副词形式是carefully。
11. 空格前and连接并列谓语，前面的got on the boat是过去发生的动作，时态保持一致，start变为过去式started。
12. 此处是固定短语at first，意为“起初”，基数词one要变为序数词first。
13. 空格处修饰名词sailing（指代事物），需要用以-ing结尾的形容词表示“令人兴奋的”，excite对应的形容词exciting符合要求。
14. 此处是固定搭配keep doing sth.，意为“一直做某事”，laugh要变为动名词形式laughing。
15. 文章描述过去的暑假经历，时态为一般过去时，eat的过去式是ate。
【答案】
6. missed 7. friends
8. to cheer 9. him 10. carefully 11. started 12. first 13. exciting 14. laughing 15. ate
【知识点】
词形转换、动词时态、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题是记叙文语境下的词形转换填空题，考点覆盖初中英语核心词法知识点，需要学生结合上下文语境、句子成分的修饰规则、常见固定搭配综合判断，整体难度适中，学生容易出错的点是-ing和-ed结尾形容词的区分、介词后用人称代词宾格的规则。
【难度系数】
0.7