Ⅰ.将下面谚语补充完整,并与对应汉语匹配
()1. Histories make men .
()2. Rome was not in a day.
()3. We are not of history. We are made by history.
()4. With history as a mirror, one can understand the rise and of a state.
A. 以史为镜，可以知兴替。
B. 读史使人明智。
C. 我们并非历史的缔造者，而是历史的产物。
D. 罗马不是一天建成的。

1. wise B 2. built D 3. makers C 4. fall A

【分析】
解题思路分为两步：第一步，根据英语谚语的固定搭配和语义补全空缺单词；第二步，理解补全后英语谚语的含义，匹配对应的汉语意思。需积累常见英语谚语的固定表达与语义，结合句子逻辑完成填空和匹配。
【解析】
1. 固定谚语“读史使人明智”的英文表达为“Histories make men wise”，故空缺填wise，对应汉语B；
2. 固定谚语“罗马不是一天建成的”的英文表达为“Rome was not built in a day”，故空缺填built，对应汉语D；
3. 由后半句“We are made by history（我们由历史造就）”可知，前半句意为“我们并非历史的缔造者”，空缺填makers，对应汉语C；
4. “兴衰”的固定短语为“rise and fall”，对应谚语“以史为镜，可以知兴替”，故空缺填fall，对应汉语A。
【答案】
1. wise B 2. built D 3. makers C 4. fall A
【知识点】
英语谚语、固定搭配、词汇运用
【点评】
本题考查常见英语谚语的积累与运用，需掌握谚语的固定表达和语义，属于基础积累类题目。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅱ. 阅读理解
Zhuge Liang, also known as Zhuge Kong-ming, was a very famous and smart person in ancient China. He was great at making plans and solving problems.
He was born in the late 2nd century. Later, he joined Liu Bei, the leader of the Shu King-dom, and became his main advisor. Zhuge Liang was really good at planning battles(战斗). He helped Liu Bei win many wars, and thanks to him, the Shu Kingdom became one of the three most powerful kingdoms at that time.
Zhuge Liang was not only good at military
plans, but also skilled in ruling a kingdom, building things, and dealing with other king-doms. He was known for being humble(谦逊的) and having a good heart. That's why people trusted and respected him.
One of Zhuge Liang's most famous achieve-ments was the Longzhong Plan. It was a strategy to help Liu Bei set up the Shu Kingdom, join hands with the Wu Kingdom and compete with the Wei Kingdom. With careful planning and by building strong defenses, he successfully stopped several invasions.
Zhuge Liang's wisdom was remembered throughout history. He became a legendary fig-ure(传奇人物) in China, a symbol of intelli-gence. His achievements still inspire people in
China and around the world.
1. Who was Zhuge Liang?
A. A famous military advisor in ancient China.
B. A leader of the Wei Kingdom.
C. A famous scholar(学者) of diplomacy(外交).
D. A skilled engineer in the Shu Kingdom.
2. Zhuge Liang joined the as an advi-sor.
A. Wei Kingdom B. Shu Kingdom
C. Wu Kingdom D. Qin Kingdom
3. How did Zhuge Liang help Liu Bei's kingdom?
A. He helped his kingdom gain independence.
B. He helped his kingdom become the most powerful at that time.
C. He helped his kingdom win many battles.
D. He helped his kingdom build trade routes.

1. A 2. B 3. C

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解的细节理解题，需根据题干问题回到原文定位对应信息，逐一匹配选项得出答案。第1题需定位诸葛亮的身份描述，第2题需定位他加入的势力，第3题需定位他帮助刘备的具体行为，均为原文直接可找的细节内容。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段及第二段：诸葛亮是古代中国著名的谋士，擅长制定作战计划，对应选项A“古代中国著名军事顾问”；选项B魏国领袖、C外交学者、D蜀国工程师均不符合原文，故选A。
2. 定位原文第二段“Later, he joined Liu Bei, the leader of the Shu Kingdom, and became his main advisor.”，可知他加入的是蜀国，故选B。
3. 定位原文第二段“He helped Liu Bei win many wars, and thanks to him, the Shu Kingdom became one of the three most powerful kingdoms at that time.”，可知他帮助刘备的王国赢得了许多战斗，对应选项C；选项A获得独立、B成为最强大的王国（原文是三大强国之一）、D修建贸易路线均不符合，故选C。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、人物类阅读
【点评】
本题围绕中国历史人物诸葛亮展开，考查英语阅读中的细节定位能力，题目难度较低，只要仔细查找原文对应信息即可选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.8