Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
A
Nutrition（营养学）is really tricky. It's like a big puzzle with many pieces that scientists are still trying to put together. People who worry about their diet want simple labels of "good" or "bad" and clear advice to follow, but the truth is much more slippery than that.
The science about fats and cholesterol（胆固醇）is often counterintuitive（反直觉的）. Even qualified dietitians can be confused by it. Some diets that are supposed to be healthy can actually make your cholesterol go up. This can happen because not eating enough can mess with your body's hormones（激素）.
Too much fat in the diet has long been known to be bad for your heart health. But, after decades of pointing fingers at all non-vegetable fats, science has now decisively changed its mind. The research starting in the 1950s, which claimed that eating fats would make your cholesterol go up and lead to heart problems, has been proved to be not always true. What has been called the "French paradox" by American scientists reflects the fact that in France—as in many other countries—people may have high cholesterol levels and high consumption of saturated fats（饱和脂肪）but low
cases of heart disease. This is because other things, like smoking, which can also affect your heart, are often ignored. In 2014, a review of seventy-two different studies of heart disease and saturated fats, conducted by the British Heart Foundation, found that there wasn't always a connection between eating fat and heart problems.
But even though the review showed no clear connection, the government's advice remains in place to limit the amount of fats eaten, especially saturated ones. The food industry sometimes helps make the advice that governments give about eating healthy. They made a picture called the "Eatwell Plate" to show people what to eat. But most people in the UK eat too much fat, and now it's mostly from things like vegetable oils, not from animals.
1. The underlined word "slippery" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to . ()
A. unclear B. simple
C. strange D. important
2. What can be concluded from several studies in Paragraph 3? ()
A. Eating fats is always harmful to heart health.
B. Smoking is the leading factor causing heart disease.
C. The relationship between eating fats and heart disease is uncertain.
D. French people have high cases of heart disease due to their eating habits.
3. What is the government's suggestion for fat intake? ()
A. Eating different types of fats.
B. Focusing more on vegetable oils.
C. Taking in as much fat as you want.
D. Controlling the amount of fat in diet.
4. What type of text is this? ()
A. A news report. B. A science report.
C. A short story. D. A book review.

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了营养学研究的复杂性,指出相关科学研究表明,高脂肪饮食和心脏问题之间不是简单的因果关系,不过政府仍建议人们谨慎摄入高脂食物。
1. A 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“People who worry about their diet want simple labels of ‘good’ or ‘bad’ and clear advice to follow”可知,担心自己饮食的人希望给食物贴上一个简单的“好”或“坏”的标签,并遵循明确的建议。结合画线单词前的 but 可知,此处表示的是营养学上的真相可不止简单的“好”或“坏”以及直截了当的建议这么简单,所以真相并不清楚。由此可知,画线单词的意思与 unclear 意思相近。故选 A。
2. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Too much fat in the diet has long been known to be bad for your heart health. But, after decades of pointing fingers at all non-vegetable fats, science has now decisively changed its mind.”以及第三段最后一句可知,科学家们已经果断地改变了长期以来人们认为的过量脂肪对心脏健康有害的观点,且2014年的研究也发现,吃高脂肪的食物和心脏问题并不总是相关联,证明上世纪50年代的观点并不完全正确。综合以上研究结论可知,吃高脂肪的食物与心脏疾病之间的关系并不明确。故选 C。
3. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But even though the review showed no clear connection, the government's advice remains in place to limit the amount of fats eaten, especially saturated ones.”可知,政府建议限制脂肪的摄入。故选 D。
4. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The science about fats and cholesterol(胆固醇)is often counterintuitive(反直觉的). Even qualified dietitians can be confused by it. Some diets that are supposed to be healthy can actually make your cholesterol go up.”以及下文中介绍的关于过量脂肪摄入与心脏健康之间的关系可知,文章介绍的是营养学和心脏病之间相关性的科学研究,由此可推知,本文应为科学报道。故选 B。