五、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文完整通顺。
Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were making the s 1 very dark. With no l 2 outside, it felt like midnight. The news on TV r 3 that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.
Everyone in the neighbourhood was b 4 . Dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mum was making sure the flashlights and radio were w 5 . She also put some candles and matches on the table.
Ben was helping his mum make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, b 6 it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.
Ben could not s 7 at first. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he w 8 up, the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighbourhood in a mess. Fallen trees, b 9 windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbours to help clean up the neighbourhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbours c 10 together.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. sky 2. light 3. reported 4. busy 5. working 6. but 7. sleep 8. woke 9. broken 10. closer

【分析】
首先通读全文，把握文章主旨是描述暴风雨来临前后Ben一家及邻里的活动与变化，再逐句分析每个空缺处的语境、语法要求，结合首字母提示推断合适单词。比如第1空由“Black clouds”可知黑云使天空变暗，首字母s对应sky；第2空由“it felt like midnight”可知外面无光线，首字母l对应light；第3空是过去的新闻报道，首字母r对应reported；第4空暴风雨前邻里都在忙碌，首字母b对应busy；第5空电器需处于工作状态，首字母w对应working；第6空前后是转折关系，首字母b对应but；第7空一开始无法入睡，首字母s对应sleep；第8空是过去的醒来动作，首字母w对应woke；第9空暴风雨后窗户损坏，首字母b对应broken；第10空体现邻里更亲近，首字母c对应closer。
【解析】
1. sky：根据前文“Black clouds”（黑云），结合首字母s，可知此处指“天空”，故填sky；
2. light：由后文“it felt like midnight”（像午夜），结合首字母l，可知此处指“光线”，故填light；
3. reported：此处指电视新闻“报道”，文章整体为过去时态，结合首字母r，故填reported；
4. busy：暴风雨来临前邻里都在“忙碌”，结合首字母b，be busy为固定搭配，故填busy；
5. working：妈妈确认手电筒和收音机在“工作”，结合首字母w，be working表示状态，故填working；
6. but：前文说想玩牌，后文说很难开心，是转折关系，结合首字母b，故填but；
7. sleep：后文提到“fell asleep”（睡着），可知一开始不能“睡觉”，结合首字母s，故填sleep；
8. woke：此处指“醒来”，文章为过去时态，结合首字母w，故填woke；
9. broken：暴风雨后窗户是“坏的”，结合首字母b，故填broken；
10. closer：由“brought...together”可知，暴风雨让家人和邻里更亲近，用close的比较级，结合首字母c，故填closer。
【答案】
1. sky 2. light 3. reported 4. busy 5. working 6. but 7. sleep 8. woke 9. broken 10. closer
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、语境理解、一般过去时
【点评】
本题为英语首字母填空题，考查学生对短文语境的理解、核心词汇的掌握以及语法（时态、词性、连词等）的运用，需结合上下文逻辑和首字母提示准确作答，能有效检验学生的综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

六、阅读理解。
Known as the earth's “kidneys(肾)”, wetlands play an important part in the ecosystem. However, about 35% of natural wetlands have been lost in the past 50 years, said the UN. Hoping to do their part in wetland protection, Lyu Haoyan and Cui Luoyao, two 14-year-old girls from Beijing made a mudskipper amphibious robot(弹涂鱼两栖机器人).
They won the Gold Award of the 19th Soong Chingling Award for Children's Invention on Aug 17.
“We wanted to make a simple robot to help collect data(数据), but traditional robots faced problems in wetlands,” Cui told Teens.
As an amphibious fish, mudskippers are small and can move freely in wetlands. Inspired (启发) by the little creature, they added a special chest(胸腔) and tail fin(鳍) to their robot. The fin can help the robot move freely on land and swim underwater. They also learned coding(编程) to control the robot with their phones from far away, up to 300 metres. What's more, they put in different sensors(传感器) to see plants and check water cleanness.
But things didn't always go well. How to keep the main electronics(电子元件) dry when the robot went underwater was a big problem during testing. “The 3D printed parts we used couldn't seal(密封) well,” Lyu told Teens. After trying different methods, they found that placing rubber(橡胶) rings in the gaps(缝隙) worked well to stop water from getting in.
After successfully controlling their robotic mudskipper on land and underwater, they were happy with their success. “I feel so proud because our robot can help look into the places that people cannot reach,” said Cui.
()1. Why did Cui Luoyao and Lyu Haoyan made the robot?
A. To protect wetlands.
B. To finish their schoolwork.
C. To deal with water pollution(污染).
D. To learn more about amphibious fish.
()2. What does “the little creature” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Mudskippers.
B. The inventors.
C. The robot fish.
D. Wetlands.
()3. Why did the girls choose to make the robot based on(基于) a mudskipper?
A. Because mudskippers can clean the water.
B. Because mudskippers can talk on the phones far away.
C. Because mudskippers would make the robot look cool.
D. Because mudskippers can move freely on land and in water.
()4. How did the girls keep the electronics dry when it was underwater?
A. By sealing the robot with tape.
B. By adding a special cover to it.
C. By using more 3D printed parts.
D. By putting rubber rings in the gaps.
()5. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. The Importance of Wetlands
B. How Sensors Help in Wetlands
C. Difficulties in Studying Wetlands
D. Students Build a Robot to Save Wetlands

1. A 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. D

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意三类题型，解题思路如下：1. 第1题（细节理解）：定位原文找两位女孩发明机器人的目的；2. 第2题（词义猜测）：根据指代关系，找前文提到的对应生物；3. 第3题（细节理解）：定位弹涂鱼的特点，明确发明机器人的依据；4. 第4题（细节理解）：定位解决电子元件防水问题的方法；5. 第5题（主旨大意）：概括全文核心内容，提炼最佳标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段“Hoping to do their part in wetland protection, Lyu Haoyan and Cui Luoyao... made a mudskipper amphibious robot.”可知，她们发明机器人的目的是保护湿地，对应选项A。
2. 第2题：根据第四段“As an amphibious fish, mudskippers are small and can move freely in wetlands. Inspired by the little creature...”可知，“the little creature”指代前文提到的弹涂鱼（mudskippers），对应选项A。
3. 第3题：根据第四段“As an amphibious fish, mudskippers are small and can move freely in wetlands. Inspired by the little creature, they added a special chest and tail fin to their robot.”可知，选择基于弹涂鱼做机器人是因为弹涂鱼能在陆地和水中自由移动，对应选项D。
4. 第4题：根据第五段“After trying different methods, they found that placing rubber rings in the gaps worked well to stop water from getting in.”可知，保持电子元件干燥的方法是在缝隙中放置橡胶圈，对应选项D。
5. 第5题：全文围绕两位学生发明弹涂鱼两栖机器人以保护湿地展开，核心内容是学生为保护湿地发明机器人，对应选项D。
【答案】
1.A 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解，主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的核心题型，需学生快速定位原文信息，理解文章逻辑，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6