Ⅰ. 根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子。
1. The Qinghai-Xizang Railway c Xining to Lhasa.
2. P were used to keep the ground hard.
3. The snow m when spring comes.
4. A new t is being built under the river.
5. The project was c ahead of schedule.
6. You are s to finish your work on time.
7. The lake is f because of the low temperature.
8. （旅游业）is an important part of the local economy.
9. We can g a lot of knowledge from reading.

I. 1. connects 2. Pipes 3. melts 4. tunnel
5. completed 6. supposed 7. frozen
8. Tourism 9. gain

【分析】
做此类首字母填空和汉译英题，需先通读句子理解句意，再结合给出的首字母或汉语提示，同时考虑句子的语法规则（如时态、单复数、被动语态、固定搭配等），确定符合语境的正确单词形式。
【解析】
1. 句意：青藏铁路连接西宁与拉萨，主语为单数第三人称，一般现在时，结合首字母c，填connects。
2. 句意：管道被用来保持地面坚硬，谓语动词为复数形式were，结合首字母P，填Pipes。
3. 句意：春天到来时雪会融化，snow为单数第三人称，一般现在时，结合首字母m，填melts。
4. 句意：一条新隧道正在河下修建，结合首字母t，填名词tunnel。
5. 句意：该项目提前完成，为被动语态（be+过去分词），结合首字母c，填completed。
6. 句意：你应按时完成工作，固定搭配be supposed to表示“应该”，结合首字母s，填supposed。
7. 句意：因低温，湖被冻住，为被动语态，结合首字母f，填frozen。
8. 句意：旅游业是当地经济的重要部分，汉语提示“旅游业”，句首单词首字母大写，填Tourism。
9. 句意：我们能从阅读中获得大量知识，结合首字母g，填动词gain。
【答案】
I. 1. connects 2. Pipes 3. melts 4. tunnel 5. completed 6. supposed 7. frozen 8. Tourism 9. gain
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、固定搭配、动词时态语态
【点评】
本题为基础英语词汇填空题，考查核心词汇的拼写、语境理解及固定搭配的运用，题型常规，侧重基础知识点的掌握。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅱ. 根据中文意思完成句子。
1. 一个微型摄像头被连接到眼镜的前部。
A mini-camera the front of the glasses.
2. 油和盐也由机器自动添加。
The oil and salt the machine itself.
3. 玩具、椅子、桌子，甚至房子都可以由3D打印机制造。
Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses all the 3D printer.
4. 青藏铁路于2006年建成。
The Qinghai-Xizang Railway in 2006.

II. 1. is connected to 2. are also added by
3. can, be made by 4. was completed

【分析】这几道题均考查被动语态的运用，解题时需先判断主语与谓语动词的逻辑关系（主语是动作的承受者，需用被动语态），再结合句子时态、主谓一致及固定搭配补全内容：1. 主语为单数，表一般现在时的被动，需用“is+过去分词”，搭配固定短语“connect to”；2. 主语为复数，表一般现在时被动，加副词“also”，用“by”引出动作执行者；3. 含情态动词的被动结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”，搭配“by”；4. 表过去的被动，主语单数，用“was+过去分词”。
【解析】1. 主语A mini-camera是动作connect的承受者，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时被动语态，结构为is+过去分词，“连接到”是固定搭配connect to，故填is connected to；2. 主语The oil and salt是复数，动作add的承受者，“也”用also置于be动词后，被动结构为are added，“由机器”用by引出动作执行者，故填are also added by；3. 表“可以被制造”用情态动词can的被动结构can be+过去分词，“由3D打印机”用by引出，故填can, be made by；4. 主语The Qinghai-Xizang Railway是动作complete的承受者，时间为2006年（过去），用一般过去时被动语态，主语单数，be动词用was，故填was completed。
【答案】1. is connected to 2. are also added by 3. can, be made by 4. was completed
【知识点】被动语态，固定短语搭配，情态动词的被动语态
【点评】本题为被动语态的基础练习题，涵盖一般现在时、一般过去时、情态动词的被动结构，需掌握被动语态的基本构成及常用搭配，属于初中英语基础语法考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7

Ⅲ. 阅读下面对话,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A: Hey, did you know that potato chips were invented by mistake?
B: Really? What do you mean?
A: Well, here on the bag it says that they were invented by a cook 1. (call) George Crum.
B: When was that?
A: Oh, it was back 2. 1853.
B: So, how was it invented by accident?
A: Well, one day, a customer came into the restaurant where George 3. (work). He ordered a plate of fried potatoes. 4. the potatoes came, he said they were cut too thick and sent them back 5. the kitchen.
B: So what happened?
A: Well, George was angry, so he cut the potatoes really, really thin, and he cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. And he put lots of salt on them so they were really 6. (salt). He thought the customer would hate them.
B: And?
A: And the customer loved them and asked for more. He told the other 7. (customer) about them, and soon everyone was ordering thinly cut, crispy, salty potato chips.
B: And we're still eating them today. What a cool story!

III. 1. called 2. in 3. worked 4. When
5. to 6. salty 7. customers

【分析】
本题为英语语法填空题，需结合语境和语法规则完成填空。1空考查非谓语动词，修饰名词cook需用表被动的过去分词；2空年份前需用特定介词；3空描述过去动作需用对应时态；4空引导时间状语从句需用合适连词；5空为固定搭配；6空系动词后需用形容词；7空other后需接可数名词复数。
【解析】
1. 过去分词called作后置定语修饰cook，表被动关系，意为“被叫做乔治·克拉姆的厨师”；
2. 年份前用介词in，是固定用法；
3. 故事发生在1853年，描述过去动作，用work的过去式worked；
4. 引导时间状语从句，表“当土豆端上来时”，用When；
5. 固定搭配send back to，意为“送回……”，填to；
6. 系动词were后接形容词作表语，salt的形容词形式为salty；
7. other后接可数名词复数，customer的复数为customers，意为“其他顾客”。
【答案】
1. called 2. in 3. worked 4. When 5. to 6. salty 7. customers
【知识点】
非谓语动词、介词用法、名词复数
【点评】
本题考查基础英语语法，涵盖非谓语、介词、时态、固定搭配等，需结合语境运用语法规则，难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6