登录
三、阅读理解
In the 1920s, wheat farmers on the Great Plains were making a lot of money. This made many other people want to be farmers too. But no one tried to stop the farmers from plowing almost all the land and cutting down most of the trees.
Still, everything was fine until 1931. This was the beginning of a terrible drought—a long period without rain. The beautiful wheat fields dried up, and the crops died. Then there were no plants to keep the soil in place. All that was left was bare, ugly and dry dirt.
Then the wind started to blow. With no trees to prevent it, the wind gathered up the soil into huge black clouds that travelled for miles. These clouds were called dust storms, and it was impossible for people to get away from them. Dirt collected in people’s houses. It fell into their food. It got into their noses, mouths and eyes. People wore masks, but the dust still clogged their lungs, causing many people to get sick. The dust even fell very high in a few places. Everything was buried in the dust, and farm animals died without food. The serious storms punished everyone and everything. The Great Plains became known as the Dust Bowl.
This was the worst natural disaster ever to hit the United States. But some people believed the farmers deserved what happened to them because they did not care for the soil. They said the disaster could have been prevented if the farmers had been wiser and more careful.
(
A. A news report.
B. A tour guide.
C. An environmental report.
D. A biology magazine.
(
a. Crops died and there were no plants to keep the soil.
b. A terrible drought happened and fields dried up.
c. Most of the trees on the plains were cut down.
d. Wind blew and gathered up the soil into black clouds.
A. b-c-a-d
B. b-a-c-d
C. c-b-a-d
D. c-a-b-d
(
A. Many people got sick.
B. The fields were polluted.
C. Animals died without food.
D. The plains became a dust bowl.
(
A. This was the worst natural disaster.
B. The dust still clogged their lungs.
C. Huge black clouds travelled for miles.
D. Dirt collected in people’s houses.
In the 1920s, wheat farmers on the Great Plains were making a lot of money. This made many other people want to be farmers too. But no one tried to stop the farmers from plowing almost all the land and cutting down most of the trees.
Still, everything was fine until 1931. This was the beginning of a terrible drought—a long period without rain. The beautiful wheat fields dried up, and the crops died. Then there were no plants to keep the soil in place. All that was left was bare, ugly and dry dirt.
Then the wind started to blow. With no trees to prevent it, the wind gathered up the soil into huge black clouds that travelled for miles. These clouds were called dust storms, and it was impossible for people to get away from them. Dirt collected in people’s houses. It fell into their food. It got into their noses, mouths and eyes. People wore masks, but the dust still clogged their lungs, causing many people to get sick. The dust even fell very high in a few places. Everything was buried in the dust, and farm animals died without food. The serious storms punished everyone and everything. The Great Plains became known as the Dust Bowl.
This was the worst natural disaster ever to hit the United States. But some people believed the farmers deserved what happened to them because they did not care for the soil. They said the disaster could have been prevented if the farmers had been wiser and more careful.
(
C
) 1. Where may this article come from?A. A news report.
B. A tour guide.
C. An environmental report.
D. A biology magazine.
(
C
) 2. How was a dust storm formed on the Great Plains?a. Crops died and there were no plants to keep the soil.
b. A terrible drought happened and fields dried up.
c. Most of the trees on the plains were cut down.
d. Wind blew and gathered up the soil into black clouds.
A. b-c-a-d
B. b-a-c-d
C. c-b-a-d
D. c-a-b-d
(
B
) 3. Which of the following ISN’T the result of the dust storm?A. Many people got sick.
B. The fields were polluted.
C. Animals died without food.
D. The plains became a dust bowl.
(
A
) 4. Which of the following is an opinion about the dust storm?A. This was the worst natural disaster.
B. The dust still clogged their lungs.
C. Huge black clouds travelled for miles.
D. Dirt collected in people’s houses.
答案
1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题考查文章来源：文章围绕美国大平原尘暴这一环境灾害展开，属于环境相关报道，需结合主旨判断来源。
2. 第2题考查尘暴形成顺序：需梳理原文中尘暴形成的先后环节，匹配对应选项。
3. 第3题考查细节判断：需逐一核对选项是否为原文提及的尘暴结果，排除未提及的选项。
4. 第4题考查观点与事实的区别：需区分主观评价（观点）和客观描述（事实），选出属于观点的选项。
【解析】
1. 文章核心是介绍美国大平原尘暴这一环境灾害，属于环境类报道，因此来源为环境报告，答案选C。
2. 梳理尘暴形成过程：①农民砍树（c）→②发生干旱（b）→③作物死亡致土壤裸露（a）→④风卷土壤成尘暴（d），对应选项C。
3. 核对选项：A（人患病）、C（动物死亡）、D（成为尘碗）均为原文提及的尘暴结果，B（田地污染）未提及，故选B。
4. 区分观点与事实：A是对灾害的主观评价，B、C、D均为客观事实，故选A。
【答案】
1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、主旨大意、观点判断）
【点评】
本题为环境主题的阅读理解题，考查学生对文章细节、主旨及观点的辨析能力，题目设置常规，需准确提取原文信息并区分事实与观点。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题考查文章来源：文章围绕美国大平原尘暴这一环境灾害展开，属于环境相关报道，需结合主旨判断来源。
2. 第2题考查尘暴形成顺序：需梳理原文中尘暴形成的先后环节，匹配对应选项。
3. 第3题考查细节判断：需逐一核对选项是否为原文提及的尘暴结果，排除未提及的选项。
4. 第4题考查观点与事实的区别：需区分主观评价（观点）和客观描述（事实），选出属于观点的选项。
【解析】
1. 文章核心是介绍美国大平原尘暴这一环境灾害，属于环境类报道，因此来源为环境报告，答案选C。
2. 梳理尘暴形成过程：①农民砍树（c）→②发生干旱（b）→③作物死亡致土壤裸露（a）→④风卷土壤成尘暴（d），对应选项C。
3. 核对选项：A（人患病）、C（动物死亡）、D（成为尘碗）均为原文提及的尘暴结果，B（田地污染）未提及，故选B。
4. 区分观点与事实：A是对灾害的主观评价，B、C、D均为客观事实，故选A。
【答案】
1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、主旨大意、观点判断）
【点评】
本题为环境主题的阅读理解题，考查学生对文章细节、主旨及观点的辨析能力，题目设置常规，需准确提取原文信息并区分事实与观点。
【难度系数】
0.6
