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Ⅱ. 地动山摇 地震是地球自我减压的"呼吸",但一次深呼吸足以让城市崩塌。受各种因素影响,近年来地震发生频率上升,同学们需要更加重视地震灾害演练。
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands were injured, was the event that changed everything for China in this field. The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief (救助)
challenges to the country since 1949, leading to a complete review and improvement of the country's emergency response(应对) capabilities. Since then, preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government.
For earthquakes, getting an early warning is extremely important. The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Centre found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%; a ten-second warning, by 39%; a twenty-second warning, by 63%. So in the following years China has developed an automatic(自动的) early warning system which can send out warnings to millions of people in China within just two minutes after an earthquake.
In 2018, the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with civil services, the Red Cross, and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response. There are now 27 specialized teams for mountain, water, and air rescues, as well as earthquake relief, and seven teams for helping with international rescue efforts.
Whether it is an earthquake, typhoon, flood or forest fire, China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery, as it is able to organize resources from various departments including power, water conservancy and supply, telecommunications and disease control. To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters, these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways, restore power, water supply, communication and other services to help people get back to normal life.
Disaster relief requires the whole society to work together. And China sets an example of how to prevent loss and save lives by putting the people first.
1. How does this passage show the importance of early warning systems?
A. By using quotes.
B. By giving examples.
C. By listing numbers.
D. By making contrast.
2. Why has the government set up the specialized teams?
A. To carry out disaster relief internationally.
B. To help the rescue and recovery work.
C. To train local people in disaster prevention.
D. To handle forest fires more effectively.
3. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. The effects of follow-up disasters have been reduced.
B. A lot of natural disasters have happened in the world.
C. Disaster relief needs efforts across various departments.
D. Different departments are responsible for building roads and railways.
4. What's the main idea of this passage?
A. China has improved disaster response and recovery.
B. China has developed an early warning system for earthquakes.
C. China organized various departments for post-disaster recovery.
D. China has created specialized departments to respond to earthquakes.
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands were injured, was the event that changed everything for China in this field. The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief (救助)
challenges to the country since 1949, leading to a complete review and improvement of the country's emergency response(应对) capabilities. Since then, preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government.
For earthquakes, getting an early warning is extremely important. The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Centre found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%; a ten-second warning, by 39%; a twenty-second warning, by 63%. So in the following years China has developed an automatic(自动的) early warning system which can send out warnings to millions of people in China within just two minutes after an earthquake.
In 2018, the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with civil services, the Red Cross, and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response. There are now 27 specialized teams for mountain, water, and air rescues, as well as earthquake relief, and seven teams for helping with international rescue efforts.
Whether it is an earthquake, typhoon, flood or forest fire, China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery, as it is able to organize resources from various departments including power, water conservancy and supply, telecommunications and disease control. To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters, these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways, restore power, water supply, communication and other services to help people get back to normal life.
Disaster relief requires the whole society to work together. And China sets an example of how to prevent loss and save lives by putting the people first.
1. How does this passage show the importance of early warning systems?
A. By using quotes.
B. By giving examples.
C. By listing numbers.
D. By making contrast.
2. Why has the government set up the specialized teams?
A. To carry out disaster relief internationally.
B. To help the rescue and recovery work.
C. To train local people in disaster prevention.
D. To handle forest fires more effectively.
3. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. The effects of follow-up disasters have been reduced.
B. A lot of natural disasters have happened in the world.
C. Disaster relief needs efforts across various departments.
D. Different departments are responsible for building roads and railways.
4. What's the main idea of this passage?
A. China has improved disaster response and recovery.
B. China has developed an early warning system for earthquakes.
C. China organized various departments for post-disaster recovery.
D. China has created specialized departments to respond to earthquakes.
答案
1 - 4 CBCA
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面的改进，包括建立早期预警系统以及专门的救援队伍，以提升应急响应能力。
1. C 推理判断题。根据第二段“The Chengdu High - tech Disaster Reduction Centre found that a three - second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14% ; a ten - second warning, by 39% ; a twenty - second warning, by 63%.”可知，本文通过列数字来展示预警系统的重要性。故选 C。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第三段“In 2018, the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management...”以及第四段“... it is able to organize resources from various departments including power, water conservancy and supply, telecommunications and disease control.”可知，政府建立专业队伍是为了协助救援和恢复工作。故选 B。
3. C 细节理解题。根据第四段“To reduce the effects of follow - up disasters, these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways, restore power, water supply, communication and other services to help people get back to normal life.”可知，灾后救助需要多个部门的共同努力。故选 C。
4. A 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake... had presented the most difficult relief challenges to the country since 1949, leading to a complete review and improvement of the country's emergency response capabilities.”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面的改进，包括建立早期预警系统以及专门的救援队伍，以提升应急响应能力。故选 A。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面的改进，包括建立早期预警系统以及专门的救援队伍，以提升应急响应能力。
1. C 推理判断题。根据第二段“The Chengdu High - tech Disaster Reduction Centre found that a three - second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14% ; a ten - second warning, by 39% ; a twenty - second warning, by 63%.”可知，本文通过列数字来展示预警系统的重要性。故选 C。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第三段“In 2018, the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management...”以及第四段“... it is able to organize resources from various departments including power, water conservancy and supply, telecommunications and disease control.”可知，政府建立专业队伍是为了协助救援和恢复工作。故选 B。
3. C 细节理解题。根据第四段“To reduce the effects of follow - up disasters, these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways, restore power, water supply, communication and other services to help people get back to normal life.”可知，灾后救助需要多个部门的共同努力。故选 C。
4. A 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake... had presented the most difficult relief challenges to the country since 1949, leading to a complete review and improvement of the country's emergency response capabilities.”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面的改进，包括建立早期预警系统以及专门的救援队伍，以提升应急响应能力。故选 A。
