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二、阅读理解(本题有15小题,每小题2分,共计30分)
阅读下面的材料,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A(真题·杭州西湖)
What Should You Do When You Go Mountain Climbing?
Before you go mountain climbing:
• You SHOULD build your body.
Make it a rule to exercise, practise hiking and train your strength(体力).
• You SHOULD check the weather.
You should notice the weather before you climb. This way, you can have fun climbing and go home safely.
While you go mountain climbing:
• Be careful about yourself and everything around you.
Take care of your body when you climb higher and higher.
• Don't be too hard on yourself.
When you find something wrong, just leave and be ready to go down. Don't stay there.
• Don't walk alone.
Have someone with you. Be brave to ask for help.
Many people think anyone can climb mountains.
↓
NOT REALLY! Anything is possible but you need to think about your health and see what's around the mountains.
After all, the world is much larger than we expect.
(
A. By doing physical exercise.
B. By eating healthy food.
C. By drinking a lot of milk.
D. By getting enough sleep.
(
A. Keep going until you reach the top.
B. Ask others to carry you forward.
C. Leave and get ready to go down.
D. Sit down and just wait for help.
(
A. Mountain climbing is easy for everyone.
B. Walking alone makes the climb fun.
C. You'll be afraid when you climb higher.
D. You should get prepared for climbing.
阅读下面的材料,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A(真题·杭州西湖)
What Should You Do When You Go Mountain Climbing?
Before you go mountain climbing:
• You SHOULD build your body.
Make it a rule to exercise, practise hiking and train your strength(体力).
• You SHOULD check the weather.
You should notice the weather before you climb. This way, you can have fun climbing and go home safely.
While you go mountain climbing:
• Be careful about yourself and everything around you.
Take care of your body when you climb higher and higher.
• Don't be too hard on yourself.
When you find something wrong, just leave and be ready to go down. Don't stay there.
• Don't walk alone.
Have someone with you. Be brave to ask for help.
Many people think anyone can climb mountains.
↓
NOT REALLY! Anything is possible but you need to think about your health and see what's around the mountains.
After all, the world is much larger than we expect.
(
A
)16. How can you build your body before mountain climbing according to the text?A. By doing physical exercise.
B. By eating healthy food.
C. By drinking a lot of milk.
D. By getting enough sleep.
(
C
)17. When climbing mountains, what should you do if something goes wrong?A. Keep going until you reach the top.
B. Ask others to carry you forward.
C. Leave and get ready to go down.
D. Sit down and just wait for help.
(
D
)18. What does the writer want to tell the readers?A. Mountain climbing is easy for everyone.
B. Walking alone makes the climb fun.
C. You'll be afraid when you climb higher.
D. You should get prepared for climbing.
答案
16.A 17.C 18.D
解析
【分析】
做这类阅读理解题时，需先根据题干关键词定位原文对应内容，再对比选项选出答案。16题需定位爬山前强身健体的相关内容；17题定位爬山时出问题的做法；18题需总结全文核心意思，判断作者意图。
【解析】
16题：根据题干关键词“build your body before mountain climbing”，定位到文章“Before you go mountain climbing”部分的第一条建议，原文提到“Make it a rule to exercise, practise hiking and train your strength”，可知强身健体的方式是锻炼等，对应选项A。B、C、D选项原文未提及，排除。
17题：根据题干关键词“something goes wrong”，定位到文章“While you go mountain climbing”部分的第二条建议，原文表述为“When you find something wrong, just leave and be ready to go down”，对应选项C。A与原文相反，B、D选项原文未提及，排除。
18题：本题为主旨大意题，文章分为爬山前的准备（强身健体、查天气）和爬山中的注意事项两部分，核心是强调爬山要做好准备，对应选项D。A与原文“NOT REALLY! Anything is possible but you need to think about your health”不符；B与原文“Don't walk alone”不符；C选项原文未提及，排除。
【答案】
16.A 17.C 18.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解、主旨大意）
【点评】
本文是关于爬山注意事项的应用文，题目设置围绕细节查找和主旨归纳，考查学生快速定位原文信息及归纳主旨的能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
做这类阅读理解题时，需先根据题干关键词定位原文对应内容，再对比选项选出答案。16题需定位爬山前强身健体的相关内容；17题定位爬山时出问题的做法；18题需总结全文核心意思，判断作者意图。
【解析】
16题：根据题干关键词“build your body before mountain climbing”，定位到文章“Before you go mountain climbing”部分的第一条建议，原文提到“Make it a rule to exercise, practise hiking and train your strength”，可知强身健体的方式是锻炼等，对应选项A。B、C、D选项原文未提及，排除。
17题：根据题干关键词“something goes wrong”，定位到文章“While you go mountain climbing”部分的第二条建议，原文表述为“When you find something wrong, just leave and be ready to go down”，对应选项C。A与原文相反，B、D选项原文未提及，排除。
18题：本题为主旨大意题，文章分为爬山前的准备（强身健体、查天气）和爬山中的注意事项两部分，核心是强调爬山要做好准备，对应选项D。A与原文“NOT REALLY! Anything is possible but you need to think about your health”不符；B与原文“Don't walk alone”不符；C选项原文未提及，排除。
【答案】
16.A 17.C 18.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解、主旨大意）
【点评】
本文是关于爬山注意事项的应用文，题目设置围绕细节查找和主旨归纳，考查学生快速定位原文信息及归纳主旨的能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
B(真题·绍兴柯桥)
On April 12th, a group of campers in a California forest heard a crying noise.
They found a small black baby bear that was alone. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife kept an eye on the bear. When the mother didn't return, they took him to the Ramona Wildlife Centre.
The baby bear was in bad shape. He was 2 to 3 months old, and he hadn't eaten for several days. Workers at the centre weren't sure if he would survive. But they did what they could. They looked after him carefully, feeding him several times a day, and even at night. Soon he began to improve and put on weight. He's now nearly 10 pounds heavier than when he arrived.
Nowadays, the workers are trying to keep him as wild as possible. That means they can't let him get used to humans. When the workers are around the baby bear, they wear a bear mask(面罩), a big bear coat and they wear thick gloves(手套), and try not to let the bear see or smell their body. They even try to make their special clothes smell like a real black bear.
Workers also try to teach the baby bear the skills he'll need to live on his own. They've set up an indoor and outdoor area for the baby bear to live in and experience. They've made the areas as natural as possible. The workers do things that a mother bear might do, like teaching him how to catch insects(昆虫) for food.
The baby bear is still young, but he's learning and growing quickly. The centre hopes the baby bear can be set free in the wild in about a year.
(
A. What the baby bear was like.
B. How workers cared for the baby bear.
C. Why the baby bear came to the centre.
D. Where workers found the baby bear.
(
A. Be independent.
B. Lose weight.
C. Continue to live.
D. Get popular.
(
A. Because the bear likes their special clothes.
B. Because they want the bear to stay in a natural environment.
C. Because it's dangerous for people to get close to the bear.
D. Because the bear would like to live with his mother.
(
A. How to Train the Wild Animals
B. Making a Baby Bear Smarter
C. How to Get Along with the Animals
D. Keeping a Baby Bear Wild
On April 12th, a group of campers in a California forest heard a crying noise.
They found a small black baby bear that was alone. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife kept an eye on the bear. When the mother didn't return, they took him to the Ramona Wildlife Centre.
The baby bear was in bad shape. He was 2 to 3 months old, and he hadn't eaten for several days. Workers at the centre weren't sure if he would survive. But they did what they could. They looked after him carefully, feeding him several times a day, and even at night. Soon he began to improve and put on weight. He's now nearly 10 pounds heavier than when he arrived.
Nowadays, the workers are trying to keep him as wild as possible. That means they can't let him get used to humans. When the workers are around the baby bear, they wear a bear mask(面罩), a big bear coat and they wear thick gloves(手套), and try not to let the bear see or smell their body. They even try to make their special clothes smell like a real black bear.
Workers also try to teach the baby bear the skills he'll need to live on his own. They've set up an indoor and outdoor area for the baby bear to live in and experience. They've made the areas as natural as possible. The workers do things that a mother bear might do, like teaching him how to catch insects(昆虫) for food.
The baby bear is still young, but he's learning and growing quickly. The centre hopes the baby bear can be set free in the wild in about a year.
(
B
)19. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?A. What the baby bear was like.
B. How workers cared for the baby bear.
C. Why the baby bear came to the centre.
D. Where workers found the baby bear.
(
C
)20. What does the underlined word "survive" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Be independent.
B. Lose weight.
C. Continue to live.
D. Get popular.
(
B
)21. Why do the workers at the centre dress up as bears?A. Because the bear likes their special clothes.
B. Because they want the bear to stay in a natural environment.
C. Because it's dangerous for people to get close to the bear.
D. Because the bear would like to live with his mother.
(
D
)22. What's the best title for the passage?A. How to Train the Wild Animals
B. Making a Baby Bear Smarter
C. How to Get Along with the Animals
D. Keeping a Baby Bear Wild
答案
19.B 20.C 21.B 22.D
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解真题，共4道题，分别考查主旨大意、词义猜测、细节理解、标题归纳。解题思路：1. 第19题需定位原文第二段，梳理段落核心内容匹配选项；2. 第20题结合划线词所在句的上下文语境推测词义；3. 第21题定位原文第四段查找工作人员穿熊装的目的；4. 第22题总结全文核心内容提炼最贴合的标题。
【解析】
19题：第二段主要讲述幼熊被送到野生动物中心后，工作人员悉心照料它的情况，对应选项B。A选项仅涉及幼熊状态，非段落主旨；C、D选项为段落局部细节，无法概括全段，故选B。
20题：划线词所在句前文提到幼熊仅2-3个月大、多日未进食，身体状况差，工作人员不确定它能否继续存活，故survive意为“继续活下来”，对应选项C。
21题：第四段明确说明工作人员穿熊装是为了让幼熊尽可能保持野性、不适应人类，对应选项B。A、C、D选项均不符合原文表述，故选B。
22题：全文围绕救助幼熊并帮助其保持野性、最终回归自然展开，核心是让幼熊保持野性，对应选项D。A选项范围过宽，B、C选项与文章核心不符，故选D。
【答案】
19.B 20.C 21.B 22.D
【知识点】
阅读理解主旨大意、词义猜测、细节理解
【点评】
本题为绍兴柯桥中考真题，考查英语阅读理解核心题型，需学生掌握定位原文、梳理内容、推测词义的基本方法，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解真题，共4道题，分别考查主旨大意、词义猜测、细节理解、标题归纳。解题思路：1. 第19题需定位原文第二段，梳理段落核心内容匹配选项；2. 第20题结合划线词所在句的上下文语境推测词义；3. 第21题定位原文第四段查找工作人员穿熊装的目的；4. 第22题总结全文核心内容提炼最贴合的标题。
【解析】
19题：第二段主要讲述幼熊被送到野生动物中心后，工作人员悉心照料它的情况，对应选项B。A选项仅涉及幼熊状态，非段落主旨；C、D选项为段落局部细节，无法概括全段，故选B。
20题：划线词所在句前文提到幼熊仅2-3个月大、多日未进食，身体状况差，工作人员不确定它能否继续存活，故survive意为“继续活下来”，对应选项C。
21题：第四段明确说明工作人员穿熊装是为了让幼熊尽可能保持野性、不适应人类，对应选项B。A、C、D选项均不符合原文表述，故选B。
22题：全文围绕救助幼熊并帮助其保持野性、最终回归自然展开，核心是让幼熊保持野性，对应选项D。A选项范围过宽，B、C选项与文章核心不符，故选D。
【答案】
19.B 20.C 21.B 22.D
【知识点】
阅读理解主旨大意、词义猜测、细节理解
【点评】
本题为绍兴柯桥中考真题，考查英语阅读理解核心题型，需学生掌握定位原文、梳理内容、推测词义的基本方法，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
