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(2026·江苏南京期末检测)
When astronomer（天文学家）Samantha Lawler got an email saying that space junk（垃圾）may have landed in a farmer’s field an hour’s drive from her home in Regina, Saskatchewan, she was doubtful. But it was true: Several pieces of a commercial spacecraft had landed on nearby farms. “The largest piece weighed 80 pounds,” says Lawler. “If that hit your house, it would go right through.”
The increasing frequency of rocket launches is crowding the area of space closest to Earth. Experts warn that the danger caused by all this space junk is rising sharply. “Accidents like the one in Saskatchewan are going to become much more common,” says Lawler. “Eventually,” she says, “someone will die from this.” Earth’s atmosphere is also affected by the re-entry of space junk. Because rockets are mainly made of aluminum（铝）, their burn-up can contribute to the loss of the ozone layer.
Lawler believes this problem isn’t being taken seriously enough—something she noticed at a United Nations-supported workshop on space technology she attended last year in Italy. “It was basically just me and a group of satellite builders,” she says. “And they definitely had such a thought, ‘You just burn it up in the atmosphere and it’s gone. It’s fine, right?’ That’s really how they think about it.”
The good news is that different methods have been put forward for cleaning up low-Earth orbit（轨道）. A company recently produced a “space junk truck” to get back dead satellites. Another solution, in the short term at least, is to send objects to safer higher orbits. In 2022, the US sent a dead satellite into a higher and less crowded area.
Another seemingly simple idea is to make satellites more long-lasting. “The message that I keep trying to send to anybody who will listen is: We need to have satellites with longer operational lifetimes,” says Lawler. “Anything that you can do to make your satellites last longer and to use fewer of them—that is the engineering challenge that we are now facing, and I don’t see anyone really taking that up.”
5. Why does the author mention the pieces of a commercial spacecraft in Paragraph 1? （
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To provide background information.
C. To explain an opinion.
D. To prove research findings.
6. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? （
A. Rocket building materials.
B. The growing harm of space junk.
C. Methods of reducing space junk.
D. The increase in the number of rockets.
7. What solution does Lawler suggest for the space junk problem? （
A. Sending rockets into higher orbits.
B. Developing more “space junk trucks”.
C. Taking satellites out of low-Earth orbit.
D. Making satellites with longer lives.
8. How does Lawler feel about the present efforts to deal with space junk? （
A. Satisfied.
B. Disappointed.
C. Doubtful.
D. Hopeful.
When astronomer（天文学家）Samantha Lawler got an email saying that space junk（垃圾）may have landed in a farmer’s field an hour’s drive from her home in Regina, Saskatchewan, she was doubtful. But it was true: Several pieces of a commercial spacecraft had landed on nearby farms. “The largest piece weighed 80 pounds,” says Lawler. “If that hit your house, it would go right through.”
The increasing frequency of rocket launches is crowding the area of space closest to Earth. Experts warn that the danger caused by all this space junk is rising sharply. “Accidents like the one in Saskatchewan are going to become much more common,” says Lawler. “Eventually,” she says, “someone will die from this.” Earth’s atmosphere is also affected by the re-entry of space junk. Because rockets are mainly made of aluminum（铝）, their burn-up can contribute to the loss of the ozone layer.
Lawler believes this problem isn’t being taken seriously enough—something she noticed at a United Nations-supported workshop on space technology she attended last year in Italy. “It was basically just me and a group of satellite builders,” she says. “And they definitely had such a thought, ‘You just burn it up in the atmosphere and it’s gone. It’s fine, right?’ That’s really how they think about it.”
The good news is that different methods have been put forward for cleaning up low-Earth orbit（轨道）. A company recently produced a “space junk truck” to get back dead satellites. Another solution, in the short term at least, is to send objects to safer higher orbits. In 2022, the US sent a dead satellite into a higher and less crowded area.
Another seemingly simple idea is to make satellites more long-lasting. “The message that I keep trying to send to anybody who will listen is: We need to have satellites with longer operational lifetimes,” says Lawler. “Anything that you can do to make your satellites last longer and to use fewer of them—that is the engineering challenge that we are now facing, and I don’t see anyone really taking that up.”
5. Why does the author mention the pieces of a commercial spacecraft in Paragraph 1? （
A
）A. To introduce the topic.
B. To provide background information.
C. To explain an opinion.
D. To prove research findings.
6. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? （
B
）A. Rocket building materials.
B. The growing harm of space junk.
C. Methods of reducing space junk.
D. The increase in the number of rockets.
7. What solution does Lawler suggest for the space junk problem? （
D
）A. Sending rockets into higher orbits.
B. Developing more “space junk trucks”.
C. Taking satellites out of low-Earth orbit.
D. Making satellites with longer lives.
8. How does Lawler feel about the present efforts to deal with space junk? （
B
）A. Satisfied.
B. Disappointed.
C. Doubtful.
D. Hopeful.
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章阐述了太空垃圾带来的日益严重的危害,指出该问题未得到足够重视;文章列举了现有清理方案,并介绍了天文学家劳勒提出的卫星延寿解决思路。
5. A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的"But it was true: Several pieces of a commercial spacecraft had landed on nearby farms. 'The largest piece weighed 80 pounds,' says Lawler. 'If that hit your house, it would go right through.'"可推知,作者提及商业航天器残骸事件是为了引出太空垃圾这一话题。故选A。
6. B 段落大意题。根据第二段中的"Experts warn that the danger caused by all this space junk is rising sharply."以及"Earth's atmosphere is also affected by the re-entry of space junk. Because rockets are mainly made of aluminum (铝), their burn-up can contribute to the loss of the ozone layer."可知,第二段主要讲述了太空垃圾带来的危害正不断加剧。故选B。
7. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Another seemingly simple idea is to make satellites more long-lasting. 'The message that I keep trying to send to anybody who will listen is: We need to have satellites with longer operational lifetimes,' says Lawler."可知,劳勒针对太空垃圾问题提出的解决办法是制造使用寿命更长的卫星。故选D。
8. B 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,劳勒认为卫星制造商忽视太空垃圾这个问题。根据最后一段可知,劳勒认为当下无人着手解决延长卫星使用寿命并减少发射数量这一核心挑战。由此推知,她对目前应对太空垃圾的努力感到失望。故选B。
5. A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的"But it was true: Several pieces of a commercial spacecraft had landed on nearby farms. 'The largest piece weighed 80 pounds,' says Lawler. 'If that hit your house, it would go right through.'"可推知,作者提及商业航天器残骸事件是为了引出太空垃圾这一话题。故选A。
6. B 段落大意题。根据第二段中的"Experts warn that the danger caused by all this space junk is rising sharply."以及"Earth's atmosphere is also affected by the re-entry of space junk. Because rockets are mainly made of aluminum (铝), their burn-up can contribute to the loss of the ozone layer."可知,第二段主要讲述了太空垃圾带来的危害正不断加剧。故选B。
7. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Another seemingly simple idea is to make satellites more long-lasting. 'The message that I keep trying to send to anybody who will listen is: We need to have satellites with longer operational lifetimes,' says Lawler."可知,劳勒针对太空垃圾问题提出的解决办法是制造使用寿命更长的卫星。故选D。
8. B 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,劳勒认为卫星制造商忽视太空垃圾这个问题。根据最后一段可知,劳勒认为当下无人着手解决延长卫星使用寿命并减少发射数量这一核心挑战。由此推知,她对目前应对太空垃圾的努力感到失望。故选B。
Ⅱ.读后续写(25分)
得分
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I grew up in a large family of twelve siblings (兄弟姐妹). We weren't poor by most standards, but things were difficult for us. My parents never shared their financial worries, choosing instead to let us have a carefree childhood. But I knew that there were
times we went without certain things my friends had and those wouldn't be easy for me to get.
Back in those days, hot lunch was a luxury (奢侈) that only wealthier kids could afford, and hot-lunch buyers sat separately from the students who brought cold lunch. My siblings and I brought lunch from home every day: home-made bread, three cookies, and a small apple. We would look on longingly as the rich kids proudly sat down with their steaming plates of fried chicken or fish sticks and cold milk, sweet peaches and delicious cake.
I never said anything, but my first grade teacher, Mrs. Caruso, must have seen the eagerness in my eyes. One day she quietly pressed a note into my hand and whispered,"Give this to your mother."
I arrived home and gave my mom the note. She read it and smiled,"Well, Mrs. Caruso said because of all your hard work, she wants to buy your lunch tomorrow." The next day, I proudly carried my tray of chicken across the cafeteria and took my seat at the hot-lunch table. Honestly, the food wasn't as great as I had imagined, but I was pleased to be there and felt honored to be a part of the group.
One rainy day, Mrs. Caruso asked me to stay after school. My heart instantly sank. Surely, I must be in trouble! Did she know I hadn't finished my math homework? Did she see me making fun of Billy on the playground?
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
After the other students had left, Mrs. Caruso said she was going to drive me home.
Thinking of the gifts given by her on that rainy day, I don't know why Mrs. Caruso took so much care of me.
得分
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I grew up in a large family of twelve siblings (兄弟姐妹). We weren't poor by most standards, but things were difficult for us. My parents never shared their financial worries, choosing instead to let us have a carefree childhood. But I knew that there were
times we went without certain things my friends had and those wouldn't be easy for me to get.
Back in those days, hot lunch was a luxury (奢侈) that only wealthier kids could afford, and hot-lunch buyers sat separately from the students who brought cold lunch. My siblings and I brought lunch from home every day: home-made bread, three cookies, and a small apple. We would look on longingly as the rich kids proudly sat down with their steaming plates of fried chicken or fish sticks and cold milk, sweet peaches and delicious cake.
I never said anything, but my first grade teacher, Mrs. Caruso, must have seen the eagerness in my eyes. One day she quietly pressed a note into my hand and whispered,"Give this to your mother."
I arrived home and gave my mom the note. She read it and smiled,"Well, Mrs. Caruso said because of all your hard work, she wants to buy your lunch tomorrow." The next day, I proudly carried my tray of chicken across the cafeteria and took my seat at the hot-lunch table. Honestly, the food wasn't as great as I had imagined, but I was pleased to be there and felt honored to be a part of the group.
One rainy day, Mrs. Caruso asked me to stay after school. My heart instantly sank. Surely, I must be in trouble! Did she know I hadn't finished my math homework? Did she see me making fun of Billy on the playground?
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
After the other students had left, Mrs. Caruso said she was going to drive me home.
It was raining, and she knew I had a long walk. Sitting quietly in her car, I felt that I got butterflies in my stomach. Soon, we pulled up to my house and she got out, laying a few bags on the porch. "Tell your mom I had a few extra things she might want," she said. Then she drove away. Inside the bags were clothes, toys, and books. My siblings, eyes dancing with joy and excitement, gathered around the gifts.
Thinking of the gifts given by her on that rainy day, I don't know why Mrs. Caruso took so much care of me.
Maybe she knew what it was like to feel just a little less than everyone else. Somehow, even with her quiet charity, she never made me feel ashamed. She just made me feel loved and important. I've never lost that feeling-of being important to someone and being protected by her. After all these years, I'm still grateful to that wonderful teacher. It is her little, nameless, unremembered acts of kindness and of love that always keep me moving on.
答案
After the other students had left, Mrs. Caruso said she was going to drive me home. It was raining, and she knew I had a long walk. Sitting quietly in her car, I felt that I got butterflies in my stomach. Soon, we pulled up to my house and she got out, laying a few bags on the porch. "Tell your mom I had a few extra things she might want," she said. Then she drove away. Inside the bags were clothes, toys, and books. My siblings, eyes dancing with joy and excitement, gathered around the gifts.
Thinking of the gifts given by her on that rainy day, I don't know why Mrs. Caruso took so much care of me. Maybe she knew what it was like to feel just a little less than everyone else. Somehow, even with her quiet charity, she never made me feel ashamed. She just made me feel loved and important. I've never lost that feeling-of being important to someone and being protected by her. After all these years, I'm still grateful to that wonderful teacher. It is her little, nameless, unremembered acts of kindness and of love that always keep me moving on.
Thinking of the gifts given by her on that rainy day, I don't know why Mrs. Caruso took so much care of me. Maybe she knew what it was like to feel just a little less than everyone else. Somehow, even with her quiet charity, she never made me feel ashamed. She just made me feel loved and important. I've never lost that feeling-of being important to someone and being protected by her. After all these years, I'm still grateful to that wonderful teacher. It is her little, nameless, unremembered acts of kindness and of love that always keep me moving on.
