三、“模拟太空营”的学员们一天是怎么度过的？他们学习了什么太空知识？一起来看看！任务型阅读。

Fun Space Facts
Because of microgravity（微重力）, an astronaut can grow about 3% taller because the spine（脊椎）is not pressed down by Earth's gravity（地球引力）.
Tears do not fall — they become small balls of water around your eyes.
Everything (tools, food, people, ...) must be fixed with Velcro or straps（魔术贴或带子）, or it will float away（飘走）.
任务一：阅读材料，给下列活动选择相应的时间段。
（）1. Grow vegetables and rice.
（）2. Give classes to children.
（）3. Record the sunrise and sunset.
（）4. Ride a space bike to exercise.

任务二：阅读材料，判断正（T）误（F）。
（）1. In space, an astronaut becomes shorter because of no gravity.
（）2. Tears in space will stay around your eyes.
（）3. Velcro and straps are very useful tools in the space station.
任务三：阅读材料，补全短文。
假如你是一名航天员，你要向地球上的同学们介绍太空生活。请写出太空生活与地球生活的不同点。要求：语句通顺，不少于5句话。

任务一:1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D
解析 1. 08:30—11:00 “Do space work: grow vegetables and rice ...”，因此种植蔬菜和稻米的时间对应选项B。
2. 16:00—17:30 “Give classes to children”，因此给孩子们上课的时间对应选项C。
3. 19:00—19:30 “Record the sunrise and sunset”，因此记录日出日落的时间对应选项A。
4. 14:00—15:00 “Do exercise: ride a space bike”，因此骑太空自行车锻炼的时间对应选项D。
任务二:1. F 2. T 3. T
解析 1. 根据“Because of microgravity, an astronaut can grow about 3% taller ...”可知，在微重力环境下，宇航员的脊椎不受地球引力压迫，会长高约3%，而不是变矮，故填F。
2. 根据“Tears do not fall ... around your eyes.”可知，太空中眼泪不会掉落，会变成小水珠停留在眼睛周围，故填T。
3. 根据“Everything ... must be fixed with Velcro or straps ...”可知，太空中所有物品都必须用魔术贴或带子固定，否则会飘走。说明魔术贴和带子在空间站是非常实用的工具，故填T。
任务三: Hello, everyone! Life in space is really different from life on Earth. We can't take a shower with running water. We have to use a wet cloth to clean our bodies. Also, we see the sunrise and sunset 16 times a day. That's amazing! Exercise is very important here. We do exercise to stay healthy and strong. I miss you all!
解析 结合本单元所学展开描述。

【分析】
本题为结合太空科普的任务型阅读，分为三个任务：任务一需匹配活动与对应时间段，解题思路是定位材料中各活动的时间描述；任务二需判断陈述正误，解题思路是将每个陈述与原文对应句子逐一比对；任务三需补全短文，解题思路是结合太空生活与地球生活的不同点，组织通顺语句完成不少于5句的介绍。
【解析】
任务一：1. 原文提到“08:30—11:00 Do space work: grow vegetables and rice”，对应活动“Grow vegetables and rice”，故选B；2. 原文“16:00—17:30 Give classes to children”，对应活动“Give classes to children”，故选C；3. 原文“19:00—19:30 Record the sunrise and sunset”，对应活动“Record the sunrise and sunset”，故选A；4. 原文“14:00—15:00 Do exercise: ride a space bike”，对应活动“Ride a space bike to exercise”，故选D。
任务二：1. 原文“Because of microgravity, an astronaut can grow about 3% taller”，说明宇航员会更高而非更矮，故填F；2. 原文“Tears do not fall — they become small balls of water around your eyes”，说明眼泪会停在眼睛周围，故填T；3. 原文“Everything ... must be fixed with Velcro or straps, or it will float away”，说明魔术贴和带子是空间站实用工具，故填T。
任务三：结合太空生活与地球的不同点，组织语句完成短文，示例为：Hello, everyone! Life in space is really different from life on Earth. We can't take a shower with running water. We have to use a wet cloth to clean our bodies. Also, we see the sunrise and sunset 16 times a day. That's amazing! Exercise is very important here. We do exercise to stay healthy and strong. I miss you all!
【答案】
任务一:1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D
任务二:1.F 2.T 3.T
任务三:Hello, everyone! Life in space is really different from life on Earth. We can't take a shower with running water. We have to use a wet cloth to clean our bodies. Also, we see the sunrise and sunset 16 times a day. That's amazing! Exercise is very important here. We do exercise to stay healthy and strong. I miss you all!
【知识点】
任务型阅读、阅读理解、太空科普知识
【点评】
本题结合太空科普知识设计任务型阅读，涵盖细节匹配、判断正误、补全短文三类题型，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，又能让学生了解太空生活常识，题型全面，贴近学生认知水平。
【难度系数】
0.6