Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母提示写出所缺单词
1.You should be able to guess the meaning of the new word from the c.
2.The teacher showed us an i of the Great Wall in class. It looked very grand.
3.「2024黑龙江牡丹江中考改编」Butterflies have a good s of smell.
4.It concludes with a very useful s of key points, with cross-references to where each key point is dealt with in the book.

1.context 2.image 3.sense 4.summary

【分析】本题需结合句意、首字母提示及词汇的词义、固定搭配来填写单词：第1题需填表示“上下文”的名词；第2题需填表示“图像”的名词；第3题考查固定搭配“a good sense of...”；第4题需填表示“总结”的名词。
【解析】1. 句意：你应该能从上下文猜出这个生词的意思，结合首字母c，填名词context（上下文）；2. 句意：老师在课上给我们展示了长城的图像，结合首字母i，填名词image（图像）；3. 固定搭配“a good sense of smell”意为“良好的嗅觉”，结合首字母s，填名词sense；4. 句意：它以非常有用的要点总结结尾，结合首字母s，填名词summary（总结）。
【答案】1.context 2.image 3.sense 4.summary
【知识点】名词词义辨析、固定搭配、根据句意填单词
【点评】本题为基础词汇考查题，侧重语境理解和常用固定搭配的运用，难度适中，掌握核心词汇即可正确作答。
【难度系数】0.4

Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
5.他们可以通过写下关键词或制作思维导图来做笔记。
They can take notes by writing down the key words or making .
6.得知这个消息后，他们默默地坐在那里望着彼此。
After knowing the news, they sat there and each other in silence.
7.新疆因各种各样的水果闻名，例如苹果和葡萄。
Xinjiang is known for all kinds of fruits, apples and grapes.

5.mind maps 6.looked at 7.such as

【分析】
这三道题是英语基础应用类题目，解题思路为：先根据汉语意思匹配对应的英文固定表达，再结合句子时态、短语用法等细节确定正确形式，确保每空一词符合要求。
【解析】
5. “思维导图”的英文固定短语是mind map，此处表示泛指，需用复数形式，因此填mind maps；
6. “望着”对应的动词短语是look at，由句中sat（sit的过去式）可知句子为一般过去时，look要变为过去式looked，因此填looked at；
7. 列举同类事物（苹果和葡萄）时，such as用于引出具体例子，符合此处语境，因此填such as。
【答案】
5.mind maps 6.looked at 7.such as
【知识点】
固定短语；一般过去时；短语辨析
【点评】
本题考查英语基础短语的识记与运用，以及动词时态的变化，属于初中英语基础题型，侧重考查学生对核心短语的掌握，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅲ.阅读理解
「2026 广东广州海珠六中珠江中学期末」
A new study shows that learning maths before bedtime helps people remember it better. Researchers from the universities of Leicester and Loughborough found that sleep plays a key role in keeping new information in mind. While many believe that studying in the morning is better because the mind is fresh, this research suggests otherwise.
The study invited 184 people in the UK, aged 18 to 40. They would remember some maths problems, such as $25 × 8$, without calculating the answers. The goal was to see how quickly they could remember the answers.
In the first part of the experiment, people studied the problems between 8:00 pm and 10:45 pm and had a test the next morning. A week later, they studied in the morning, between 7:30 am and 10:00 am, and were tested in the evening. In both cases, testing took place 10 hours after learning.
The results showed that those who learned maths before bedtime did better, getting the points of about 20.7. But morning learners only got an average of 18.5. This shows that the brain makes memory appear again during sleep, and it is easier for people to remember.
While previous（之前的） research worked on how sleep improves word learning, this study shows that people can also remember numbers better after a good night's rest. It tells the importance of studying challenging material, like maths, before going to bed.
8. According to the passage, which of the following can we learn about?
A. The longer you sleep, the better memory of maths you can get.
B. People should always study maths before going to bed instead.
C. Adults aged 18 to 40 are better at learning difficult maths than other age groups.
D. Sleep is important in helping the brain remember not only words but also numbers.
9. 特色 考法 文章结构题 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A. B.
C. D.
10. 特色 考法 代词指代题 What does the underlined word “It” refer to in the last paragraph?
A. This study.
B. Sleep.
C. Word learning.
D. Previous research.
11. What was the key difference between the two parts of the experiment?
A. The difficulty of maths problems given to people.
B. The time of the day when people studied the problems.
C. The age range of people in each group.
D. The duration（时长） of sleep people had before testing.
12. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A. Why studying maths is harder than memorizing words
B. Morning is the best time for fresh minds
C. A new study on how to calculate quickly
D. Sleep on it: learn better before bedtime

[语篇解读] 本文主要讲述了一项新研究表明睡前学习数学有助于人们更好地记忆数学知识。
8.D 细节理解题。根据“While previous research worked on how sleep improves word learning, this study shows that people can also remember numbers better after a good night's rest.”可知,睡眠不仅对记住单词很重要,对记住数字也很重要。故选 D。
9.B 文章结构题。通读全文可知,第一段总体介绍一项新的研究结果;第二、三、四段介绍了该研究的过程和结果;第五段得出最终结论,所以本文是“总—分—总”的结构。故选 B。
10.A 代词指代题。根据“While previous research worked on how sleep improves word learning, this study shows that people can also remember numbers better after a good night's rest.”可知,这项研究表明人们在睡觉前学习数学等具有挑战性的材料的重要性,此处的 It 指代的是前面提到的 this study。故选 A。
11.B 细节理解题。根据“In the first part of the experiment, people studied the problems between 8:00 pm and 10:45 pm...A week later, they studied in the morning, between 7:30 am and 10:00 am...”可知,实验的两部分的主要区别是人们在一天当中学习数学题的时间段。故选 B。
12.D 最佳标题题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了一项表明睡前学习数学有助于人们更好地记忆数学知识的新研究,所以选项 D“Sleep on it: learn better before bedtime”最适合作本文的标题。故选 D。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，围绕“睡前学习数学有助于记忆”的新研究展开，包含细节理解、文章结构、代词指代、实验差异、主旨大意五类题型。解题思路为：1. 先通读全文，把握核心主旨；2. 针对每道题的题型，定位原文对应段落或语句；3. 结合选项与原文信息比对，排除干扰项，选出正确答案。
【解析】
8. 细节理解题：根据最后一段“While previous research worked on how sleep improves word learning, this study shows that people can also remember numbers better after a good night's rest.”可知，睡眠对记住单词和数字都重要，故选D。
9. 文章结构题：第一段总体介绍新研究结果；第二、三、四段阐述研究的过程与结果；第五段总结研究结论，整体为“总—分—总”结构，故选B。
10. 代词指代题：根据前文“this study shows that people can also remember numbers better after a good night's rest”可知，此处“It”指代前文提到的“this study”，故选A。
11. 细节理解题：根据第三段“In the first part of the experiment, people studied the problems between 8:00 pm and 10:45 pm...A week later, they studied in the morning, between 7:30 am and 10:00 am”可知，实验两部分的关键差异是学习的时间段，故选B。
12. 主旨大意题：全文核心是介绍“睡前学习数学有助于更好记忆”的新研究，对应选项D“Sleep on it: learn better before bedtime”，故选D。
【答案】
8.D 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解细节理解题、文章结构题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为初中英语期末典型阅读理解题，涵盖多种高频阅读题型，既考查学生快速定位原文细节信息的能力，也考查对文章结构、代词指代及主旨的理解，语篇贴近生活，易于学生把握核心内容。
【难度系数】
0.6