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情境 素材 瓶鼻海豚 「2025江苏镇江中考改编」
Do you know dolphins and believe they are among the smartest animals?
Dolphins are mammals（哺乳动物）, not fish. The most famous type is the Bottlenose Dolphin. Bottlenose Dolphins（瓶鼻海豚）are the stars of many shows. They always seem to smile in a friendly way and they can be trained to play tricks with their trainers. Like other dolphins, they breathe air through the blowholes on top of their heads from the water surface. They also give birth to babies and feed their babies milk. Dolphins can communicate（交流）through whistles（哨音）and even call each other, using special names formed by different series of whistles. Sounds also help them find food. Dolphins can make a special sound wave. These waves travel underwater until they hit an object and return to the dolphin, showing the object’s size, shape and location（方位）.
Humans have studied dolphins for years to learn how their brains work. A lot of research has been made to study dolphins in the wild. For example, people have seen dolphins off Australia’s coast use shells to catch fish. It shows that dolphins are good at using tools.
It is said that smart animals like to play. If so, dolphins win the gold medal for their playfulness. They can jump out of the water up to 16 feet, play amazing tricks and ride the waves.
Scientists give different reasons for play. They find that play helps animals grow in body and mind.
The animals learn their own abilities, practise skills and get confidence through playing. So, when you see dolphins playing in the wild, you’ll know that they are not just playing for fun, but also practising their skills and trying to stay healthy.
1. 特色 考法 段落大意题 What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A. An introduction to a kind of dolphin.
B. Reasons why dolphins play in the wild.
C. Differences between mammals and fish.
D. The way dolphins communicate with each other underwater.
2. 特色 考法 代词指代题 What ability of dolphins does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Calling each other.
B. Using shells to catch fish.
C. Jumping out of the water.
D. Playing amazing tricks.
3. What does the underlined word “playfulness” mean in Chinese?
A.耐力 B.平静
C.嬉闹 D.睿智
4. What can we know from the text?
A. Trainers never teach dolphins to play tricks for shows.
B. Dolphins breathe with their mouths.
C. Dolphins are not good at using tools.
D. Dolphins can practise some skills while playing or having fun.
5. 特色 考法 写作手法题 How does the writer prove that dolphins are among the smartest animals?
A. By presenting facts.
B. By carrying out a survey.
C. By comparing numbers.
D. By interviewing trainers.
情境 素材 瓶鼻海豚 「2025江苏镇江中考改编」
Do you know dolphins and believe they are among the smartest animals?
Dolphins are mammals（哺乳动物）, not fish. The most famous type is the Bottlenose Dolphin. Bottlenose Dolphins（瓶鼻海豚）are the stars of many shows. They always seem to smile in a friendly way and they can be trained to play tricks with their trainers. Like other dolphins, they breathe air through the blowholes on top of their heads from the water surface. They also give birth to babies and feed their babies milk. Dolphins can communicate（交流）through whistles（哨音）and even call each other, using special names formed by different series of whistles. Sounds also help them find food. Dolphins can make a special sound wave. These waves travel underwater until they hit an object and return to the dolphin, showing the object’s size, shape and location（方位）.
Humans have studied dolphins for years to learn how their brains work. A lot of research has been made to study dolphins in the wild. For example, people have seen dolphins off Australia’s coast use shells to catch fish. It shows that dolphins are good at using tools.
It is said that smart animals like to play. If so, dolphins win the gold medal for their playfulness. They can jump out of the water up to 16 feet, play amazing tricks and ride the waves.
Scientists give different reasons for play. They find that play helps animals grow in body and mind.
The animals learn their own abilities, practise skills and get confidence through playing. So, when you see dolphins playing in the wild, you’ll know that they are not just playing for fun, but also practising their skills and trying to stay healthy.
1. 特色 考法 段落大意题 What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A. An introduction to a kind of dolphin.
B. Reasons why dolphins play in the wild.
C. Differences between mammals and fish.
D. The way dolphins communicate with each other underwater.
2. 特色 考法 代词指代题 What ability of dolphins does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Calling each other.
B. Using shells to catch fish.
C. Jumping out of the water.
D. Playing amazing tricks.
3. What does the underlined word “playfulness” mean in Chinese?
A.耐力 B.平静
C.嬉闹 D.睿智
4. What can we know from the text?
A. Trainers never teach dolphins to play tricks for shows.
B. Dolphins breathe with their mouths.
C. Dolphins are not good at using tools.
D. Dolphins can practise some skills while playing or having fun.
5. 特色 考法 写作手法题 How does the writer prove that dolphins are among the smartest animals?
A. By presenting facts.
B. By carrying out a survey.
C. By comparing numbers.
D. By interviewing trainers.
答案
Presenting ideas & Reflection
素养提优
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了海豚(尤其是瓶鼻海豚)的特点,包括它们的交流方式和喜爱玩耍的原因等。
1.A 段落大意题。通读第二段可知,本段介绍了一种有名的海豚——瓶鼻海豚。故选A。
2.B 代词指代题。根据第三段中的“For example, people have seen dolphins off Australia’s coast use shells to catch fish.”可知,It指代的是上一句中提到的海豚使用工具这个行为。故选B。
3.C 词义猜测题。根据其前的“It is said that smart animals like to play.”可知,据说聪明的动物喜欢玩耍;再根据文章的第一句“Do you know dolphins and believe they are among the smartest animals?”和画线词所在句“If so, dolphins win the gold medal for their playfulness.”可知,海豚非常聪明并且擅长玩耍。由此可推断,playfulness意为“嬉闹”。故选C。
4.D 推理判断题。通读第五段可知,海豚可以在玩耍中学到许多技能。故选D。
5.A 写作手法题。通读全文可知,作者通过展示一些事实(如海豚可以通过训练学习一些技巧、用哨音交流、会用动物的壳捕鱼、借玩耍锻炼技能)的方式来证明海豚是最聪明的动物之一。故选A。
素养提优
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了海豚(尤其是瓶鼻海豚)的特点,包括它们的交流方式和喜爱玩耍的原因等。
1.A 段落大意题。通读第二段可知,本段介绍了一种有名的海豚——瓶鼻海豚。故选A。
2.B 代词指代题。根据第三段中的“For example, people have seen dolphins off Australia’s coast use shells to catch fish.”可知,It指代的是上一句中提到的海豚使用工具这个行为。故选B。
3.C 词义猜测题。根据其前的“It is said that smart animals like to play.”可知,据说聪明的动物喜欢玩耍;再根据文章的第一句“Do you know dolphins and believe they are among the smartest animals?”和画线词所在句“If so, dolphins win the gold medal for their playfulness.”可知,海豚非常聪明并且擅长玩耍。由此可推断,playfulness意为“嬉闹”。故选C。
4.D 推理判断题。通读第五段可知,海豚可以在玩耍中学到许多技能。故选D。
5.A 写作手法题。通读全文可知,作者通过展示一些事实(如海豚可以通过训练学习一些技巧、用哨音交流、会用动物的壳捕鱼、借玩耍锻炼技能)的方式来证明海豚是最聪明的动物之一。故选A。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于海豚的英语阅读理解，包含5道不同题型的题目。解题思路如下：1. 段落大意题：需通读对应段落，提炼核心内容；2. 代词指代题：需定位代词所在句的前文，找到对应的具体行为；3. 词义猜测题：需结合上下文语境，尤其是前后句的提示词推断词义；4. 推理判断题：需将选项与原文细节逐一比对，判断正误；5. 写作手法题：需分析作者证明观点时采用的方式，区分事实、调查、数字、采访等不同手法。
【解析】
1. 通读第二段，本段主要介绍了最著名的海豚种类——瓶鼻海豚的特点，如友好、可训练、呼吸方式、繁殖等，对应选项A“介绍一种海豚”，故选A。
2. 代词“It”所在句前一句举例“人们看到澳大利亚海岸的海豚用壳抓鱼”，这一行为体现海豚擅长用工具，故“It”指代“用壳抓鱼”，选B。
3. 前文提到“聪明的动物喜欢玩耍”，结合海豚聪明且擅长玩耍的描述，“playfulness”意为“嬉闹”，选C。
4. 第五段指出“动物通过玩耍学习能力、练习技能、获得自信”，对应选项D“海豚玩耍时可练习技能”，故选D。
5. 作者通过列举海豚可训练玩技巧、用哨音交流、用壳捕鱼、借玩耍锻炼技能等事实，证明海豚是最聪明的动物之一，采用的是呈现事实的方式，选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A
【知识点】
段落大意题、代词指代题、词义猜测题、推理判断题、写作手法题
【点评】
本题为中考英语阅读理解典型题型，围绕海豚的特点展开，涵盖多种核心阅读题型，考查学生对不同题型解题方法的掌握及文本细节的理解能力，是备考的优质练习素材。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇关于海豚的英语阅读理解，包含5道不同题型的题目。解题思路如下：1. 段落大意题：需通读对应段落，提炼核心内容；2. 代词指代题：需定位代词所在句的前文，找到对应的具体行为；3. 词义猜测题：需结合上下文语境，尤其是前后句的提示词推断词义；4. 推理判断题：需将选项与原文细节逐一比对，判断正误；5. 写作手法题：需分析作者证明观点时采用的方式，区分事实、调查、数字、采访等不同手法。
【解析】
1. 通读第二段，本段主要介绍了最著名的海豚种类——瓶鼻海豚的特点，如友好、可训练、呼吸方式、繁殖等，对应选项A“介绍一种海豚”，故选A。
2. 代词“It”所在句前一句举例“人们看到澳大利亚海岸的海豚用壳抓鱼”，这一行为体现海豚擅长用工具，故“It”指代“用壳抓鱼”，选B。
3. 前文提到“聪明的动物喜欢玩耍”，结合海豚聪明且擅长玩耍的描述，“playfulness”意为“嬉闹”，选C。
4. 第五段指出“动物通过玩耍学习能力、练习技能、获得自信”，对应选项D“海豚玩耍时可练习技能”，故选D。
5. 作者通过列举海豚可训练玩技巧、用哨音交流、用壳捕鱼、借玩耍锻炼技能等事实，证明海豚是最聪明的动物之一，采用的是呈现事实的方式，选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A
【知识点】
段落大意题、代词指代题、词义猜测题、推理判断题、写作手法题
【点评】
本题为中考英语阅读理解典型题型，围绕海豚的特点展开，涵盖多种核心阅读题型，考查学生对不同题型解题方法的掌握及文本细节的理解能力，是备考的优质练习素材。
【难度系数】
0.6
