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Ⅵ.信息还原
从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
(2025·镇江月考)Colours are not just pretty to look at, they can talk to us. Scientists call these "smart colours" because they change when something important happens. This helps keep us safe, saves money and even protects the earth.
In some hospitals, nurses wear special wristbands that turn bright red if they forget to wash their hands. This is a gentle reminder to wash hands before touching a patient. 1.
On highways, engineers can use "temperature paint" on bridges. When the air drops below freezing, the grey road slowly turns bright white, warning drivers that ice may be hiding there. 2.
Inside your kitchen, smart labels on milk cartons change from green to orange if the milk has been left out too long. 3.
Even sports can use colours as signals. Smart running shoes will turn purple when the rubber is worn out. 4.
However, today's smart colours often need batteries or special chemicals. Researchers are now working on "self-powered" pigments(色素) that only need light or heat. 5.
A. They hope such pigments will make smart colours cheaper and greener.
B. Similarly, wristbands of football players will turn bright yellow when they're hot.
C. The colour signals will tell you to change for a new pair of shoes before you get hurt.
D. Patients simply look at the wristbands and know whether the nurses' hands are safe.
E. The brighter it turns, the more careful drivers become, so accidents drop sharply in winter.
F. This small change will not only help us eat healthily, but also be of some help to the supermarkets.
G. Without the bright colourful paint, many accidents could happen, especially on dark evenings.
从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
(2025·镇江月考)Colours are not just pretty to look at, they can talk to us. Scientists call these "smart colours" because they change when something important happens. This helps keep us safe, saves money and even protects the earth.
In some hospitals, nurses wear special wristbands that turn bright red if they forget to wash their hands. This is a gentle reminder to wash hands before touching a patient. 1.
D
These tiny colour changes of wristbands make patients feel safe while staying in the hospital.On highways, engineers can use "temperature paint" on bridges. When the air drops below freezing, the grey road slowly turns bright white, warning drivers that ice may be hiding there. 2.
E
Inside your kitchen, smart labels on milk cartons change from green to orange if the milk has been left out too long. 3.
F
Families can throw the milk away before anyone gets sick. Also, supermarkets will remove the milk if it isn't fresh.Even sports can use colours as signals. Smart running shoes will turn purple when the rubber is worn out. 4.
C
Coaches say this simple purple stripe prevents many ankle and knee hurt, saving athletes weeks of painful treatment.However, today's smart colours often need batteries or special chemicals. Researchers are now working on "self-powered" pigments(色素) that only need light or heat. 5.
A
One day, our T-shirts may change colour with the weather, telling us when to carry an umbrella or take it off, making life both easier and greener.A. They hope such pigments will make smart colours cheaper and greener.
B. Similarly, wristbands of football players will turn bright yellow when they're hot.
C. The colour signals will tell you to change for a new pair of shoes before you get hurt.
D. Patients simply look at the wristbands and know whether the nurses' hands are safe.
E. The brighter it turns, the more careful drivers become, so accidents drop sharply in winter.
F. This small change will not only help us eat healthily, but also be of some help to the supermarkets.
G. Without the bright colourful paint, many accidents could happen, especially on dark evenings.
答案
Ⅵ. 1.D 2.E 3.F 4.C 5.A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章旨在介绍"智能颜色"这一科技概念,阐述了如何通过颜色变化传递重要信息。
1. D 解析: 根据上文"nurses wear special wristbands that turn bright red if they forget to wash their hands. This is a gentle reminder to wash hands before touching a patient"和下文"These tiny colour changes of wristbands make patients feel safe while staying in the hospital."可知,腕带变红是提醒护士洗手,而下文提到腕带颜色变化让患者安心;因此,这里必须具体说明颜色变化如何让病人感到安全。故选 D。
2. E 解析: 根据上文"When the air drops below freezing, the grey road slowly turns bright white, warning drivers that ice may be hiding there."可知,公路桥梁的温度涂料在冰点下会从灰色变白色,警示司机有冰;选项 E"颜色变得越亮,司机越小心,冬季事故大幅减少。"进一步解释"白色警示"带来的实际效果(减少事故)。故选 E。
3. F 解析: 根据上文"Inside your kitchen, smart labels on milk cartons change from green to orange if the milk has been left out too long."和下文"Families can throw the milk away before anyone gets sick. Also, supermarkets will remove the milk if it isn't fresh."可知,牛奶盒智能标签若放置过久会从绿色变橙色,而下文分述"家庭避免喝坏牛奶"和"超市处理不新鲜牛奶";选项 F"这个小变化不仅帮我们健康饮食,还对超市有帮助。"总起下文对家庭和超市的双重益处,起到承上启下的作用。故选 F。
4. C 解析: 根据上文"Smart running shoes will turn purple when the rubber is worn out."和下文"Coaches say this simple purple stripe prevents many ankle and knee hurt, saving athletes weeks of painful treatment."可知,智能跑鞋在橡胶磨损时会变紫色,而下文提到"紫色条纹预防脚踝和膝盖受伤";选项 C"颜色信号会在你受伤前提醒你换一双新鞋。"衔接"变紫色"的信号与"预防受伤"的结果,解释跑鞋颜色变化的具体作用,逻辑紧密。故选 C。
5. A 解析: 根据上文"However, today's smart colours often need batteries or special chemicals. Researchers are now working on 'self-powered' pigments that only need light or heat."和下文"One day, our T-shirts may change colour with the weather, telling us when to carry an umbrella or take it off, making life both easier and greener."可知,如今智能颜色需要电池或特殊化学物质,研究者正研发"自供电"色素(仅需光或热),而下文畅想"未来 T 恤随天气变色;选项 A"他们希望这类色素能让智能颜色更便宜、更环保。"承接"研发自供电色素"的动作,说明研发目的,同时为下文"更环保的未来应用"铺垫。故选 A。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章旨在介绍"智能颜色"这一科技概念,阐述了如何通过颜色变化传递重要信息。
1. D 解析: 根据上文"nurses wear special wristbands that turn bright red if they forget to wash their hands. This is a gentle reminder to wash hands before touching a patient"和下文"These tiny colour changes of wristbands make patients feel safe while staying in the hospital."可知,腕带变红是提醒护士洗手,而下文提到腕带颜色变化让患者安心;因此,这里必须具体说明颜色变化如何让病人感到安全。故选 D。
2. E 解析: 根据上文"When the air drops below freezing, the grey road slowly turns bright white, warning drivers that ice may be hiding there."可知,公路桥梁的温度涂料在冰点下会从灰色变白色,警示司机有冰;选项 E"颜色变得越亮,司机越小心,冬季事故大幅减少。"进一步解释"白色警示"带来的实际效果(减少事故)。故选 E。
3. F 解析: 根据上文"Inside your kitchen, smart labels on milk cartons change from green to orange if the milk has been left out too long."和下文"Families can throw the milk away before anyone gets sick. Also, supermarkets will remove the milk if it isn't fresh."可知,牛奶盒智能标签若放置过久会从绿色变橙色,而下文分述"家庭避免喝坏牛奶"和"超市处理不新鲜牛奶";选项 F"这个小变化不仅帮我们健康饮食,还对超市有帮助。"总起下文对家庭和超市的双重益处,起到承上启下的作用。故选 F。
4. C 解析: 根据上文"Smart running shoes will turn purple when the rubber is worn out."和下文"Coaches say this simple purple stripe prevents many ankle and knee hurt, saving athletes weeks of painful treatment."可知,智能跑鞋在橡胶磨损时会变紫色,而下文提到"紫色条纹预防脚踝和膝盖受伤";选项 C"颜色信号会在你受伤前提醒你换一双新鞋。"衔接"变紫色"的信号与"预防受伤"的结果,解释跑鞋颜色变化的具体作用,逻辑紧密。故选 C。
5. A 解析: 根据上文"However, today's smart colours often need batteries or special chemicals. Researchers are now working on 'self-powered' pigments that only need light or heat."和下文"One day, our T-shirts may change colour with the weather, telling us when to carry an umbrella or take it off, making life both easier and greener."可知,如今智能颜色需要电池或特殊化学物质,研究者正研发"自供电"色素(仅需光或热),而下文畅想"未来 T 恤随天气变色;选项 A"他们希望这类色素能让智能颜色更便宜、更环保。"承接"研发自供电色素"的动作,说明研发目的,同时为下文"更环保的未来应用"铺垫。故选 A。
解析
【分析】
做这类信息还原题，第一步先通读全文，明确本文核心是介绍“智能变色材料”在医疗、交通、食品、运动等多个场景的实用价值，理清每一个段落对应的具体应用场景。接下来逐空定位前后文的关键线索：
1. 第一空所在段落围绕医院护士的智能腕带展开，前文提到腕带忘洗手就变红，后文提到腕带的颜色变化让患者有安全感，因此要选能衔接“腕带颜色变化”和“患者感知护士手是否安全”的选项；
2. 第二空所在段落围绕公路桥梁的温度变色涂料展开，前文提到气温低于冰点时涂料变白警示司机路面可能结冰，要选能承接这个警示作用、说明实际效果的选项；
3. 第三空所在段落围绕牛奶盒的智能标签展开，后文分别提到家庭可以扔掉变质牛奶、超市会下架不新鲜牛奶，要选能总述这个变色标签对家庭和超市两方都有好处的承上启下选项；
4. 第四空所在段落围绕智能变色跑鞋展开，前文提到跑鞋橡胶磨损时会变紫，后文提到这个紫色提示能避免脚踝膝盖受伤，要选能衔接“紫色提示”和“提前换鞋避免受伤”逻辑的选项；
5. 第五空所在段落围绕新型自供电变色色素的研发展开，前文提到研究者正在研发仅靠光和热就能工作的色素，后文畅想未来变色T恤的环保便捷应用，要选能说明研发这类色素的目的、呼应后文“更环保”特点的选项。最后验证多余选项不符合任意空的逻辑，排除即可。
【解析】
1. 第一空：前文提到护士的特殊腕带忘洗手就会变红，后文说明腕带的颜色变化能让住院患者感到安全，D选项“患者只需看腕带就能知道护士的手是否安全”完美衔接前后内容，解释了腕带变色如何给患者带来安全感，符合语境。
2. 第二空：前文提到低温下桥梁上的温度涂料会变白，警示司机路面可能结冰，E选项“颜色越亮司机就会越小心，因此冬季事故大幅减少”承接了变色警示的作用，说明该智能涂料带来的实际安全收益，符合逻辑。
3. 第三空：前文提到牛奶盒上的智能标签放置过久就会从绿变橙，后文分别说明家庭可以避免喝变质奶、超市可以及时下架不新鲜牛奶，F选项“这个小变化不仅能帮助我们健康饮食，对超市也有一定帮助”总述了变色标签的双重益处，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。
4. 第四空：前文提到智能跑鞋的橡胶磨损时会变成紫色，后文说明这个紫色标识能避免很多脚踝和膝盖损伤，C选项“颜色信号会在你受伤前提醒你换一双新鞋”衔接了跑鞋变色的提示功能和预防受伤的结果，逻辑通顺。
5. 第五空：前文提到如今的智能变色材料大多需要电池或者特殊化学品，研究者正在研发仅靠光、热工作的自供电色素，后文畅想未来变色T恤让生活更便捷环保，A选项“他们希望这类色素能让智能颜色更便宜、更环保”承接了研究者的研发动作，点明研发的目的，同时呼应后文的环保应用畅想，符合语境。
【答案】
1.D 2.E 3.F 4.C 5.A
【知识点】
说明文信息还原，语篇逻辑衔接，细节信息匹配
【点评】
本题属于典型的说明文类信息还原题，主题贴近日常生活，各个空的逻辑线索清晰，每个段落对应一个独立的智能颜色应用场景，学生只要抓住段落核心关键词，梳理上下文的顺承、解释、承上启下的逻辑关系，就能轻松匹配正确选项，能够有效锻炼学生的语篇整体感知能力和上下文逻辑推导能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类信息还原题，第一步先通读全文，明确本文核心是介绍“智能变色材料”在医疗、交通、食品、运动等多个场景的实用价值，理清每一个段落对应的具体应用场景。接下来逐空定位前后文的关键线索：
1. 第一空所在段落围绕医院护士的智能腕带展开，前文提到腕带忘洗手就变红，后文提到腕带的颜色变化让患者有安全感，因此要选能衔接“腕带颜色变化”和“患者感知护士手是否安全”的选项；
2. 第二空所在段落围绕公路桥梁的温度变色涂料展开，前文提到气温低于冰点时涂料变白警示司机路面可能结冰，要选能承接这个警示作用、说明实际效果的选项；
3. 第三空所在段落围绕牛奶盒的智能标签展开，后文分别提到家庭可以扔掉变质牛奶、超市会下架不新鲜牛奶，要选能总述这个变色标签对家庭和超市两方都有好处的承上启下选项；
4. 第四空所在段落围绕智能变色跑鞋展开，前文提到跑鞋橡胶磨损时会变紫，后文提到这个紫色提示能避免脚踝膝盖受伤，要选能衔接“紫色提示”和“提前换鞋避免受伤”逻辑的选项；
5. 第五空所在段落围绕新型自供电变色色素的研发展开，前文提到研究者正在研发仅靠光和热就能工作的色素，后文畅想未来变色T恤的环保便捷应用，要选能说明研发这类色素的目的、呼应后文“更环保”特点的选项。最后验证多余选项不符合任意空的逻辑，排除即可。
【解析】
1. 第一空：前文提到护士的特殊腕带忘洗手就会变红，后文说明腕带的颜色变化能让住院患者感到安全，D选项“患者只需看腕带就能知道护士的手是否安全”完美衔接前后内容，解释了腕带变色如何给患者带来安全感，符合语境。
2. 第二空：前文提到低温下桥梁上的温度涂料会变白，警示司机路面可能结冰，E选项“颜色越亮司机就会越小心，因此冬季事故大幅减少”承接了变色警示的作用，说明该智能涂料带来的实际安全收益，符合逻辑。
3. 第三空：前文提到牛奶盒上的智能标签放置过久就会从绿变橙，后文分别说明家庭可以避免喝变质奶、超市可以及时下架不新鲜牛奶，F选项“这个小变化不仅能帮助我们健康饮食，对超市也有一定帮助”总述了变色标签的双重益处，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。
4. 第四空：前文提到智能跑鞋的橡胶磨损时会变成紫色，后文说明这个紫色标识能避免很多脚踝和膝盖损伤，C选项“颜色信号会在你受伤前提醒你换一双新鞋”衔接了跑鞋变色的提示功能和预防受伤的结果，逻辑通顺。
5. 第五空：前文提到如今的智能变色材料大多需要电池或者特殊化学品，研究者正在研发仅靠光、热工作的自供电色素，后文畅想未来变色T恤让生活更便捷环保，A选项“他们希望这类色素能让智能颜色更便宜、更环保”承接了研究者的研发动作，点明研发的目的，同时呼应后文的环保应用畅想，符合语境。
【答案】
1.D 2.E 3.F 4.C 5.A
【知识点】
说明文信息还原，语篇逻辑衔接，细节信息匹配
【点评】
本题属于典型的说明文类信息还原题，主题贴近日常生活，各个空的逻辑线索清晰，每个段落对应一个独立的智能颜色应用场景，学生只要抓住段落核心关键词，梳理上下文的顺承、解释、承上启下的逻辑关系，就能轻松匹配正确选项，能够有效锻炼学生的语篇整体感知能力和上下文逻辑推导能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
